(n.) The first rudiments of an organism, whether animal or plant
(n.) The young of an animal in the womb, or more specifically, before its parts are developed and it becomes a fetus (see Fetus).
(n.) The germ of the plant, which is inclosed in the seed and which is developed by germination.
(a.) Pertaining to an embryo; rudimentary; undeveloped; as, an embryo bud.
Example Sentences:
(1) It was found that the skeletal muscle enzyme of the chick embryo is independent of the presence of creatine and consequently is another constitutive enzyme like the creatine kinase of the early embryonic chick heart.
(2) Since 1987, it has become possible to obtain immature ova from the living animal and to let them mature, fertilize and develop into embryos capable of transplantation outside the body.
(3) In X-irradiated litters, almost invariably, the incidence of anophthalmia was higher in exencephalic than in nonexencephalic embryos and the ratio of these incidences (relative risk) decreased toward 1 with increasing dose.
(4) The effects of hormonal promotion of T24-ras oncogene-transfected rat embryo fibroblasts (REF) were compared to cotransformation of these cells with adenovirus E1A and ras.
(5) Scatchard analyses of binding data obtained with synaptosomal preparations from 17-day-old embryos revealed two T3 binding sites.
(6) In the stage 24 chick embryo, a paced increase in heart rate reduces stroke volume, presumably by rate-dependent decrease in passive filling.
(7) From the biochemical markers in follicular fluid, cyclic adenosine monophosphate has a distinct predictive value in regard to pregnancy in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycles.
(8) Implantation of the mouse embryo involves the invasion of the secondary trophoblast giant cells of the ectoplacental cone (EPC) into the uterine decidua.
(9) They suggest that an endogenous retinoid could contribute to positional information in the early Xenopus embryo.
(10) A cytogenetic and anatomopathologic study of an embryo of 24 mm crown-rump length showing pure triploidy (69,XXY) is reported.
(11) The in vivo approach consisted of interspecies grafting between quail and chick embryos.
(12) Here we report direct measurements of protein kinase C (PKC) activity in uninduced ectoderm, and in neuroectoderm shortly after induction by the involuting mesoderm, in Xenopus laevis embryos.
(13) Results obtained from cumulative labeling and pulse-labeling and chase experiments with cells from late gastrulae, yolk plug-stage embryos, and neurulae showed that the 30S RNA is an intermediate in rRNA processing and is derived from 40S pre-rRNA and processed to 28S rRNA.
(14) During that time they have repeatedly demonstrated the likely existence of signalling molecules or morphogens that control the pattern of development in the embryo.
(15) Ernst Reissner studied the formation of the inner ear initially using the embryos of fowls, then the embryos of mammals, mainly cows and pigs, and to a less extent the embryos of man.
(16) The objective of this study was to examine the effects of different culture media used for maturation of bovine oocytes on in vitro embryo development following in vitro fertilization.
(17) By 3 d in the chick embryo, the first neurons detected by antibodies to Ng-CAM are located in the ventral neural tube; these precursors of motor neurons emit well-stained fibers to the periphery.
(18) None of the factors tested was found to have a statistically significant effect on embryo yield.
(19) The embryo stages were assessed visually and some were investigated histologically.
(20) Ninety semen specimens were analysed for use in an IVF-embryo transfer (ET) programme.
Notochord
Definition:
(n.) An elastic cartilagelike rod which is developed beneath the medullary groove in the vertebrate embryo, and constitutes the primitive axial skeleton around which the centra of the vertebrae and the posterior part of the base of the skull are developed; the chorda dorsalis. See Illust. of Ectoderm.
Example Sentences:
(1) The histochemical study of the LDH in the Trout embryo during the early organogenesis shows a specific localization in notochord cells, in mesodermic cells of the terminal knob and in some prosencephalic neuroblasts.
(2) The notochord, which is composed of a stack of flat cells surrounded by a connective tissue sheath, elongates dramatically and begins straightening between stages 21 and 25.
(3) Autoradiographic studies show that tritiated proline is taken up by notochordal cells and secreted to the extracellular space where label is associated with basal lamina, microfibrils and ground substance.
(4) Metabolic events in somites related to hyaluronic acid are not influenced by the notochord.
(5) The establishment of myeloschisis was followed by local separation of the notochord from an open area of neural tube, but not by overgrowth of neural tissue.
(6) By 7 days, notochordal uptake is markedly diminished, and no uptake of isotope occurs from 8 days onward.
(7) It first forms on the lateral portion of the neuroepithelium of the neural folds and then extends ventrally into the region adjacent to the notochord; (ii) BL becomes continuous beneath the epidermal ectoderm (EE) that overlies the NC cell region only during the terminal stages of NC cell emigration; (iii) BL does not form over the dorsal portion of the neural tube until NC emigration is terminated; and (iv) the morphology of the BL changes as development proceeds.
(8) Although they are presumed to arise from congenital notochordal remnants, it is rare for these tumors to present in childhood.
(9) Six chordomas, ten fetal notochords and eight adult notochords were stained for keratin, vimentin, GFAP, desmin, CEA, EMA and s-100 protein.
(10) A "diffuse pattern" that was seen in the histological appearance of 4 cases of the chordoma, including 2 cases with metastases, was not observed in the notochord and was considered to indicate the malignant nature of such chordoma.
(11) The results lead to the assumption that the early embryos already possess cholinergic receptors, probably located in the notochord.
(12) Adjacent to the caudal half of each somite, these cells penetrated no further than the myosclerotomal border, but opposite the rostral somite half, they were found next to the sclerotome almost as far ventrally as the notochord.
(13) These results indicate that 1) Engrailed-2 expression is suppressed in the most ventral neural tube owing to induction of the floor plate by the notochord, and 2) that the presence of an underlying notochord is not required for correct rostrocaudal expression, suggesting that multiple pathways act in the patterning of the rudiment of the central nervous system.
(14) Neural induction through the presumptive notochord was tested by means of the sandwich method.
(15) The notochord and neural tube are well developed by 3 days and surrounded by sclerotome, myotome, and dermatome cells.
(16) Minute fragments of the notochord of Balanoglossus sp.
(17) Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) are found primarily in the dorsal fin and in the ECM surrounding the notochord.
(18) Based on these facts, it is to be concluded that it is not the inducer of notochord, but the surrounding mesenchyme that is of primary importance for the determination of the types of neural tissue.
(19) A floor plate-specific chemoattractant was used as a marker to examine the role of the notochord in avian floor plate development.
(20) 2G9 was used to show that both notochord and somites are capable of neural induction, and the stimulus is present as late as stage 22.