(1) It was concluded that metoclopramide and dexamethasone showed an excellent antiemetic effect on acute drug-induced emesis, as well as on delayed emesis, induced by cisplatin.
(2) The neuroleptic agents haloperidol, fluphenazine, domperidone, sulpiride and tiapride also antagonized emesis induced by cisplatin but only a proportion of the animals were completely protected and diazepam and prednisolone only reduced the intensity of the response.
(3) Despite excellent control of acute-stage emesis, some patients are still bothered by delayed emesis occurring more than 24 hours after cisplatin administration.
(4) Nine patients suffered emesis in spite of prophylactic therapy and were classified as grade 3.
(5) The efficacy of ipecac syrup in the induction of emesis and safety of its administration was studied in 105 poison-exposed infants 6 through 11 months of age (study subjects) and compared prospectively with 302 poison-exposed infants and children 12 through 35 months of age who served as age controls.
(6) We have compared the ability of drugs to induce chewing and retching or emesis in squirrel monkeys; such studies are not possible in rodents, which do not vomit.
(7) One of these agents, batanopride, produced no severe toxicity at doses that prevented emesis due to chemotherapy in early Phase I trials.
(8) One hundred ten pediatric patients, ages 8 months to 14 yr, admitted for outpatient strabismus surgery were enrolled in a randomized, double-blinded study to compare droperidol and metoclopramide to placebo for the prevention of postoperative emesis.
(9) The aftereffects of home-induced emesis with ipecac syrup were determined by telephone interviews of callers to a poison center.
(10) The treatment given followed the purpose to eliminate the toxic: emesis, gastric washing and in cases of respiratory depression, naloxone was given.
(11) Clinical evidence of pain on injection, myoclonic muscle activity, apnea, nausea, and emesis were documented.
(12) Postoperative emesis, the most common reason for unscheduled admissions, occurred in 23.4% of patients.
(13) Emesis has long been thought to be organized by a 'vomiting centre'; the possibility that this vomiting centre could be the parvocellular reticular formation is reviewed, as is the concept that the 'centre' is larger than an anatomically defined single group of cells.
(14) The 24-h pH monitoring data were within normal ranges in 26 infants (20 controls, 2 babies with emesis, and 4 with RD).
(15) Both findings demonstrate that bismuth subsalicylate can provide antiemetic action and that the decreases in the occurrence of emesis in humans and dogs parallels the decrease in nausea found in humans and the nausea suspected to occur prior to emesis in dogs.
(16) As ICS205930, at high doses, is reported to be a 5-HT4 receptor antagonist it appears likely that activation of 5HT4-receptors contributes to emesis induced by zacopride.
(17) Only in recent years has serious attention been given to the control of chemotherapy-induced emesis (CIE) which is to the patient a most obnoxious side-effect.
(18) Two other sets of experiments suggest that dopaminergic mechanisms play a minor role in radiation-induced emesis in the ferret.
(19) There was no evidence of emesis during the experiments or of overt changes in the appearance of the oral cavity, heart, liver, spleen, kidney, proventriculus, gizzard, and intestines of a random sample of birds killed by carbon dioxide asphyxiation and necropsied.
(20) YM-08050 was more potent than either HPD or CPZ in inhibitory effects on a variety of behaviors such as apomorphine-induced stereotypes behavior and emesis, methamphetamine-induced stereotyped behavior, conditioned avoidance response and open field behavior.
Sludge
Definition:
(n.) Mud; mire; soft mud; slush.
(n.) Small floating pieces of ice, or masses of saturated snow.
(n.) See Slime, 4.
Example Sentences:
(1) A clinical investigation was made between workers exposed to dried sewage sludge dust and age matched controls not exposed.
(2) The basic pathways of its transformation were oxidation via formiate to CO2 with its partial reutilization and direct incorporation into the sludge biomass via the primary formation of serine.
(3) Since some genotoxic metals are diffused in the environment and are often sequestered as insoluble precipitates in water sediments and sludges, the introduction of NTA is likely to increase the risk of environmental pollution because of its ability to solubilize and make those metals reactive.
(4) Histological examination suggested that the gall sludge in the pancreatic cyst was caused by the reflux of bile into the pancreatic duct through the papilla of Vater.
(5) Distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in sewage wastes at a municipal sewage treatment plant was studied, showing that the great bulk of PCBs entering such a treatment plant become adsorbed onto the grit chamber solids and the sludge that is passed from the anaerobic digesters.
(6) In contrast to widespread distribution of PCBs in the environment, PCT residues were seldom found in samples from aquatic environments such as water and sludge and waterfowl and fish, and, if found, the levels of PCTs were so low as to be practically negligible.
(7) Gallbladder sludge produced internal echoes without a sonic shadow.
(8) Issues in differential diagnosis are discussed for the following findings: internal gallbladder echoes (calculi vs tumefactive sludge, air, hematobilia, parasitic infestation, cholecystosis, neoplasia, and artifacts), gallbladder wall thickening (acute cholecystitis vs acalculous cholecystitis, artifacts, ascites, hypoalbuminemia, hepatitis, and sclerosing cholangitis), pericholecystic fluid (cholecystitis vs ascites, perforated ulcer, and trauma), bile duct dilatation (biliary obstruction vs sclerosing cholangitis, biliary air, anomalous portal system, biliary atresia, Caroli disease, and cholangiocarcinoma), perinatal and neonatal biliary disease, and sclerosing cholangitis.
(9) However, no countermeasures for this have been developed, nor has any system for the measurement of the H2S held in sewerage water and sludge been established yet.
(10) At present it is not possible to quantify the effects attributed to acid rain only; account must be also be taken of cadmium added to, e.g., soil by use of sewage sludge and other fertilizers.
(11) Activated sludge extracts made from different treatment plants varied in efficacy in evoking maximal viable counts.
(12) Most obvious differences can be found for Cd: While the concentrations of soluble Cd in anaerobically digested sludge only increase at pH values lower than pH 4, the solubility of Cd in precipitation sludge and limed sludges already show rapid increases at pH values lower than 7.
(13) The microbiological composition of broiler and pig sludge did not differ.
(14) The transformation and toxicity of trichlorophenols (TCPs) were studied with a methanogenic enrichment culture derived from sewage sludge.
(15) Counts of all fungi were significantly increased at certain treatments with sludge, except those of Aspergillus niger (at the high dose after 6 weeks), Fusarium (at each of the three doses after 3 weeks and at the high dose after 6 weeks) and Paecilomyces varioti (by the medium and the high doses after 1 week) whose counts were significantly lower than those in untreated soil.
(16) The infectious agent, S. typhi-murium, was isolated not only from several inmates but also from sick cows of the farm belonging to the home, in animal feed, from employees of the local butcher's shop, and finally in sludge from the local sewage plant.
(17) The transitive cerebral distension which is necessary for the neuro-surgeon during interventions is obtained by moderate controlled hyperventilation, deliberate arterial hypotension, application of the anti-sludge therapy for the cerebral microcirculation.
(18) This technique proved to be rapid and reliable for the enumeration of salmonellae in water, waste water, and waste-water sludges.
(19) These elements originated from the wastewater sludge.
(20) Although ultrasound is effective in demonstrating the anatomical features of prolonged gallbladder stasis including sludge, stones, and thickened gallbladder wall, it cannot detect cystic duct patency.