(n.) The method or practice of an empiric; pursuit of knowledge by observation and experiment.
(n.) Specifically, a practice of medicine founded on mere experience, without the aid of science or a knowledge of principles; ignorant and unscientific practice; charlatanry; quackery.
(n.) The philosophical theory which attributes the origin of all our knowledge to experience.
Example Sentences:
(1) Whether it was Sénac or Wenckebach who first observed that quinine could change an irregular heart rhythm (atrial fibrillation) into a regular one (sinus rhythm), we are not far from their empiricism.
(2) The diversity of opinions among participants suggests a high level of empiricism in the development of ulcer healing drugs apart from those that inhibit acid secretion.
(3) Phlebology has made considerable efforts to free itself from empiricism in recent years.
(4) The authors urge that patients suffering from from facial paralysis should be referred to O.-R.-L. departments right from the start and not when all other methods of treatment have been tried, often with reprehensible empiricism, and found unsuccessful.
(5) At best, therefore, such reports are fraught with empiricism, illustrating only the experiences of individual clinicians.
(6) Advances made in recent years bring up the question of knowing whether or not logic is near to replacing empiricism.
(7) In Keynes' model, saving was a positive function of income, and, from both cross-section studies and casual empiricism, it was obvious that the savings ratio rose as income increased.
(8) A review of microcirculatory model useds, theoretical approaches to decompression, and order of magnitude calculations indicates that present empiricisms are inadequate for predicting such supersaturation phenomena.
(9) A review of antimicrobial drug trials shows that empiricism is still ahead of science and more studies are needed both to justify current practice and to make future changes logical.
(10) This empiricism probably arises from inadequate understanding of processes of mucosal injury and repair.
(11) This eliminates much of the empiricism of our preceding model, and minimizes the number of experimental runs now required in order to apply the model in practice.
(12) This form of evaluation provides specific information about fetal red blood cell antigen status and the degree of fetal anemia at an earlier gestational age than that validated by the Liley curves and eliminates empiricism from both the diagnosis and treatment of the isoimmunized pregnancy.
(13) The therapeutic possibilities for psoriasis are multiple; they are based on experience and on empiricism and are harmless for the patient, or on the known pharmacodynamic action which limit their use.
(14) The belief that propositions should be consistent with facts – empiricism – is far from universally held, let alone practised.
(15) The major perspectives in the scientific mode, namely, mechanism, empiricism, logical positivism, and logical empiricism, were analyzed along the three dimensions of theory development, sources of knowledge, and methodology.
(16) Based on philosophical concepts of logical empiricism which had been established in philosophy at the beginning of our century the operational psychiatric diagnosis was developed.
(17) An understanding of the basic principles can remove most of the empiricism from freeze-drying and lead to more efficient process cycles and to products of superior quality and stability.
(18) Freud himself had tried to reject classifications of psychoanalysis as a non- or pseudoscience by maintaining a sort of foundationist empiricism, which is philosophically problematic in several respects.
(19) In accordance with Freud's own conception of a theory of the unconscious, philosophy of science has discussed psychoanalysis mainly in terms of classical empiricism and foundationism.
(20) The authors examine and critique the methodological underpinnings and programmatic goals of DSM-III's underlying doctrine--strict empiricism.
Quackery
Definition:
(n.) The acts, arts, or boastful pretensions of a quack; false pretensions to any art; empiricism.
Example Sentences:
(1) Quackery is currently a widespread problem that pervades all aspects of healthcare, including the treatment of learning disorders.
(2) The U.S. Congress determined quackery to be the most harmful consumer fraud against elderly people.
(3) He disparaged medical quackery but actively supported therapies such as vaccination that were based on research and careful observation.
(4) Health practitioners have an obligation to be sensitive to patients' needs, and to provide emotional as well as medical support, to communicate openly with patients and families, and to nurture the trust that will prevent abandonment of traditional medical care in favor of quackery.
(5) The Congress of the United States has estimated that $2 billion is spent annually on cancer quackery.
(6) In medical quackery, inventiveness seems to be limitless, and only the main paranormal healing systems can be reviewed here.
(7) Cancer quackery involves about $2 billion each year in the United States alone.
(8) The doctor, George Delgado, has published a paper in the Annals of Pharmacotherapy reporting that “four of six women who took mifepristone were able to carry their pregnancies to term after receiving intramuscular progesterone 200mg.” Delgado maintains a website, abortionpillreversal.com , which advises “It may not be too late!” It’s quackery, according to medical advisory groups.
(9) Recently, some have hailed hyperthermia as the new fourth method of cancer therapy, and others have branded the treatment as "quackery" surrounded by mysticism, ignorance, and confusion.
(10) A by no means exhaustive list of his political interventions includes: health – he forced ministers to listen to his gormless support for homeopathic treatments and every other variety of charlatanism and quackery; defence – he protested against cuts in the armed forces; justice – he complained about ordinary people’s access to law, or as he put it: “I dread the very real and growing prospect of an American-style personal injury culture”; political correctness – he opposes equality as I suppose a true royal must; GM foods – he thinks they’re dangerous, regardless of evidence; modern architecture – he’s against; and eco-towns – he’s for, as long as he has a say in their design.
(11) Quackery has for centuries used aphrodisiacs to exploit vulnerable victims, 30% of whom, through the power of suggestion, have achieved sexual success from potions, powders and genital pomades.
(12) Twenty-three children had been treated by alternative medicine in violation of the Swedish law against quackery, but legal action had not been taken in any case.
(13) With the uncertainties surrounding PMS in the 1980s, the potential for quackery is tremendous.
(14) In the commentary, it is stated that refunding of costs for nonconventional medical treatment is neither justified nor helpful, because it favours power struggle, sectarianism, and envourages quackery and charlatans.
(15) While poor clinical research, like poor conventional treatment, certainly exists, it is nonetheless true that clinical research has a permanent place in cancer treatment and provides an important alternate to cancer quackery.
(16) These alternative therapies vary from active involvement in promotion of one's own health (exercise, diet) to quackery.
(17) The site is not intended to be comical, but with articles on 'Massage therapy: riddled with quackery' and '10 ways to avoid being quacked', you cannot help a gentle chuckle.
(18) In a paper presented on the occasion of the 5th Congress of gynecology in the GDR the author discusses in details the phenomenon of modern occultism and quackery.
(19) The psychopathology of health fraud, the standards by which pseudoscience and health quackery are defined, and the complexities of learning disorders are discussed.
(20) Quackery disguised as science can have a destructive effect on a country already deep in trouble, on a people profoundly misguided by the populist rhetoric of most of their politicians.