(n.) The membrane lining the cavities of the heart.
Example Sentences:
(1) MAPs were obtained from the right and left ventricular endocardium in six patients with congenital long QT syndrome (LQT group, 18 recording sites) and in eight control patients (control group, 19 recording sites).
(2) Endocardial fibroelastosis is characterized by a porcelain-like thickening of the endocardium, resulting in a marked increase in echodensity of the endocardium, as well as ventricular dilatation and aortic atresia.
(3) It is inferred, therefore, that the right perimyocardium and left ventricular wall are more susceptible to CB3 infection than right ventricular wall or left peri- and endocardium.
(4) During heart development in the chick some of the endocardial cells that cover the cushion areas leave the cushion endocardium, seed the underlying cardiac jelly, and are transformed into mesenchyme.
(5) Thus, the following criteria for the diagnosis of a VSD by color-Doppler-echocardiography were derived depending on the interventricular pressure gradient: 1) Interventricular pressure gradient greater than 15 mm Hg: visualization of the VSD-jet including its origin at the septal endocardium.
(6) These myxomas were generally attached to endocardium in the area of the oval foramen.
(7) Clear cells ("Hurler" cells) were identified within the myocardium and endocardium of both infants.
(8) Metabolic perturbations in the endocardium produced by cardiotoxic doses of isoprenaline were prevented or reduced by propranolol pretreatment.
(9) Macroscopic lesions were not seen with the exception of a small calcified plaque in the endocardium of one animal.
(10) The right ventricle was hypoplastic and its endocardium was diffusely thickened.
(11) The greater vulnerability of the endocardium to low-flow injury in shock was confirmed by the presence of hypercontraction lesions and necrosis in the papillary muscle and endocardial regions, but not in the epicardial region.
(12) In addition LV-EF, end-diastolic (EDV) and end-systolic volumes (ESV) were calculated by manual definition of endocardium in the original (Na) and contrast-echocardiograms (Ko).
(13) Fibrinolytic activity was reduced by 54% in the endocardium of the ischaemic reperfused myocardium and the 125I fibrinogen activity was elevated by 480%.
(14) This study was designed to determine whether measurement of integrated backscatter could be used detect the progressive transmural shift of myofiber alignment that occurs from epicardium to endocardium in human ventricular wall segments.
(15) We conclude that percutaneous fiberscopic imaging with a guiding balloon catheter is feasible and safe, and yields highly detailed images of the endocardium.
(16) Next the model was used to study propagated excitation in a three-dimensional region representing the anisotropic properties of the ventricular wall, with attention to the effects produced by variable fiber direction from "endocardium" to "epicardium."
(17) The authors report a case of primary malignant meningioma of meninges in the right frontal area with metastases to meninges in the right temporal area and left atrial endocardium and with emboli composed of malignant cells in the vessels of the myocardium, spleen, liver, lungs and pancreas in a 49-year-old woman after commissurotomy performed for rheumatic valvular heart disease.
(18) Exposure of the preparation to simulated "ischemia" (hypoxia, acidosis, glucose deprivation and hyperkalemia) resulted in several electrophysiological derangements, including a marked depolarization of the maximum diastolic potential (MDP) in both endocardium and epicardium, shortening of the action potential duration (APD), and prolongation of the transmural conduction time followed by transmural conduction block.
(19) The transmural distribution pattern of the microspheres (endocardium-epicardium ratios) reveals that rigor mortis is a factor that should be taken into account.
(20) In order to reduce the hazards of the septal puncture, an electrocardiographic mapping of the right atrial endocardium was performed using the Brockenbrough needle as an exploratory electrode in a group of 20 patients.
Myocardium
Definition:
(n.) The main substance of the muscular wall of the heart inclosed between the epicardium and endocardium.
Example Sentences:
(1) The acute effect of alcohol manifested itself by decreasing mitochondrial respiration, compensated by increased glycolytic activity of the myocardium so that myocardial energy phosphate concentration remained unchanged.
(2) The myocardium was assumed to be composed of a nonlinear viscoelastic, inhomogeneous, anisotropic (transversely isotropic) and incompressible material operating under adiabatic and isothermal conditions.
(3) Comparison with 99Tc-pyrophosphate uptake in infarcted dog heart, induced by selective obstruction of a coronary artery, suggest that the 111In-labelled F(ab')2 localizes specifically in infarcted myocardium only.
(4) By means of rapid planar Hill type antimony-bismuth thermophiles the initial heat liberated by papillary muscles was measured synchronously with developed tension for control (C), pressure-overload (GOP), and hypothyrotic (PTU) rat myocardium (chronic experiments) and after application of 10(-6) M isoproterenol or 200 10(-6) M UDCG-115.
(5) Distant ischemia was distinguished from peri-infarctional ischemia by the presence of transient thallium defects in, or slow thallium washout from myocardium not supplied by the infarct-related coronary artery.
(6) Administration of one of the precursors of noradrenaline l-DOPA not only prevented the decrease in tissue noradrenaline content in myocardium, but restored completely its reserves, exhausted by electrostimulation of the aortic arch.
(7) The terms of maximum reduction of the enzymatic activity falling within the 4th-6th and 24th hours and 2nd day should be taken into account while developing the methods of metabolic protection and enzyme therapy of the ischaemic myocardium.
(8) Previous studies have reported that the numbers of beta- and alpha-adrenergic receptors increase in ischemic myocardium.
(9) With a series of 117 aortic valve replacements, the authors have examined the results in relation to the method of protecting the myocardium while the aorta is clamped off.
(10) Acute transmural myocardial infarction has been reported to functionally denervate the normal myocardium distal to the infarcted zone by interrupting neurotransmission in axons coursing in the subepicardial region of the myocardial necrosis.
(11) Defects of mitochondrial DNA have been found at necropsy in the myocardium of patients with Kearns-Sayre syndrome.
(12) Little anatomic information is available on the annular myocardium.
(13) Dietary fat can modify the vulnerability of the myocardium to arrhythmic stimuli.
(14) Isotonically, peak muscle shortening was reduced in the left muscle, whereas time to peak shortening was prolonged in the right myocardium.
(15) The maximum functional response of catecholamine injured hearts to stimulation of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors reduced in both age groups, while the sensitivity of the myocardium to beta-adrenoceptor agonists in mature rats increased.
(16) Complex treatment with inclusion of thymalin resulted in an increase of the thymic factor, normalization of the lipid metabolism increase of the contractile function of the myocardium and, thus, increases the treatment efficacy.
(17) Under a dissecting microscope the vascular casts revealed direct communications from the skeletal muscle which penetrated deeply into the myocardium.
(18) When the same dose of ISO was administered to rats with aortic constriction the rise in labelled Ca uptake by the hypertrophied myocardium of the left ventricle was greatly reduced.
(19) Thus, small doses of thyroid hormones restrict significantly stress induced activity of LP membranes, increasing the power of antioxidant systems both in the myocardium and in the organism.
(20) The constrictor may be used for studies on the development of collaterals as well as on therapeutic measures in chronic ischemia of the myocardium.