(n.) The membrane lining the cavities of the heart.
Example Sentences:
(1) MAPs were obtained from the right and left ventricular endocardium in six patients with congenital long QT syndrome (LQT group, 18 recording sites) and in eight control patients (control group, 19 recording sites).
(2) Endocardial fibroelastosis is characterized by a porcelain-like thickening of the endocardium, resulting in a marked increase in echodensity of the endocardium, as well as ventricular dilatation and aortic atresia.
(3) It is inferred, therefore, that the right perimyocardium and left ventricular wall are more susceptible to CB3 infection than right ventricular wall or left peri- and endocardium.
(4) During heart development in the chick some of the endocardial cells that cover the cushion areas leave the cushion endocardium, seed the underlying cardiac jelly, and are transformed into mesenchyme.
(5) Thus, the following criteria for the diagnosis of a VSD by color-Doppler-echocardiography were derived depending on the interventricular pressure gradient: 1) Interventricular pressure gradient greater than 15 mm Hg: visualization of the VSD-jet including its origin at the septal endocardium.
(6) These myxomas were generally attached to endocardium in the area of the oval foramen.
(7) Clear cells ("Hurler" cells) were identified within the myocardium and endocardium of both infants.
(8) Metabolic perturbations in the endocardium produced by cardiotoxic doses of isoprenaline were prevented or reduced by propranolol pretreatment.
(9) Macroscopic lesions were not seen with the exception of a small calcified plaque in the endocardium of one animal.
(10) The right ventricle was hypoplastic and its endocardium was diffusely thickened.
(11) The greater vulnerability of the endocardium to low-flow injury in shock was confirmed by the presence of hypercontraction lesions and necrosis in the papillary muscle and endocardial regions, but not in the epicardial region.
(12) In addition LV-EF, end-diastolic (EDV) and end-systolic volumes (ESV) were calculated by manual definition of endocardium in the original (Na) and contrast-echocardiograms (Ko).
(13) Fibrinolytic activity was reduced by 54% in the endocardium of the ischaemic reperfused myocardium and the 125I fibrinogen activity was elevated by 480%.
(14) This study was designed to determine whether measurement of integrated backscatter could be used detect the progressive transmural shift of myofiber alignment that occurs from epicardium to endocardium in human ventricular wall segments.
(15) We conclude that percutaneous fiberscopic imaging with a guiding balloon catheter is feasible and safe, and yields highly detailed images of the endocardium.
(16) Next the model was used to study propagated excitation in a three-dimensional region representing the anisotropic properties of the ventricular wall, with attention to the effects produced by variable fiber direction from "endocardium" to "epicardium."
(17) The authors report a case of primary malignant meningioma of meninges in the right frontal area with metastases to meninges in the right temporal area and left atrial endocardium and with emboli composed of malignant cells in the vessels of the myocardium, spleen, liver, lungs and pancreas in a 49-year-old woman after commissurotomy performed for rheumatic valvular heart disease.
(18) Exposure of the preparation to simulated "ischemia" (hypoxia, acidosis, glucose deprivation and hyperkalemia) resulted in several electrophysiological derangements, including a marked depolarization of the maximum diastolic potential (MDP) in both endocardium and epicardium, shortening of the action potential duration (APD), and prolongation of the transmural conduction time followed by transmural conduction block.
(19) The transmural distribution pattern of the microspheres (endocardium-epicardium ratios) reveals that rigor mortis is a factor that should be taken into account.
(20) In order to reduce the hazards of the septal puncture, an electrocardiographic mapping of the right atrial endocardium was performed using the Brockenbrough needle as an exploratory electrode in a group of 20 patients.
Pericardium
Definition:
(n.) The double baglike fold of serous membrane which incloses the heart.
Example Sentences:
(1) These data demonstrate that 1) the pericardium increases ventricular interaction in both preterm and newborn lambs and 2) the relative percentage increase is similar for both age groups and not age dependent.
(2) Two patients had hilar lymph node metastases, one of them had also involvement of pericardium.
(3) The technique described involves placement of an intraluminal shunt and resection of the involved caval wall with reconstruction using autologous pericardium.
(4) 6 patients had thickened pericardium, and 3 had constrictive features.
(5) Experience with glutaraldehyde- and glycerol-treated pericardium in valvular applications in sheep support these observations.
(6) In addition, there are basic differences in the PNI formation on aldehyde-treated pericardium and natural aortic valves as compared to the Dacron fabric.
(7) Wide resection of tumor including pericardium, chest wall, left lung and left brachiocephalic vein was performed.
(8) The terminology of the pericardial sinuses and recesses has been inconsistent, and the authors propose a nomenclature for standardizing the names of the recesses of the serous pericardium.
(9) Two previously unnamed recesses within the serous pericardium are defined and named, one the inferior aortic recess of the transverse sinus and the other, the right pulmonic recess of the transverse sinus.
(10) Complete or partial absence of the pericardium is a relatively rare disorder.
(11) A review of 30 chest scans without evidence of heart disease showed that the pericardium can be seen in the majority of cases.
(12) The pericardium microcirculatory bed of rabbits was studied under conditions of hypokinesia of different duration.
(13) Fifty-one episodes of acute cardiac tamponade were induced to decompensation (decline in mean aortic blood pressure to 70% of the level present when the pericardium was free of fluid) in 6 dogs by intrapericardial infusion of warmed saline solution.
(14) A case of pericardial rupture with herniation of the heart through the pericardium into the left hemithorax is described.
(15) The artificial pericardium reduced adhesion, thus facilitating reoperation in implants lasting up to a month.
(16) Early recognition of these tumors within the pericardium is important since surgical removal is often curative.
(17) Its specific applications in surgical planning include the question of chest wall invasion, brachial plexus involvement, and transgression of the diaphragm, pericardium, or lung apex.
(18) The tumor was excised with the thymic glands together with the involved ascending aorta and pericardium.
(19) This follows from the fact that measured left ventricular diastolic pressure is equal to the sum of the pressure differences accross the myocardium and the pericardium.
(20) These results indicate that glutaraldehyde-tanned bovine pericardium can induce immunologic responses in vivo consistent with a host-versus-graft reaction.