What's the difference between engrail and engrain?
Engrail
Definition:
(v. t.) To variegate or spot, as with hail.
(v. t.) To indent with small curves. See Engrailed.
(v. i.) To form an edging or border; to run in curved or indented lines.
Example Sentences:
(1) An ectopic expression assay in Drosophila embryos was used to investigate the roles of pair-rule segmentation genes in the spatial regulation of the segment-polarity gene, engrailed (en).
(2) Engrailed has been suggested to play an important role during development by controlling position-specific characteristics in the CNS of the early embryo.
(3) The engrailed gene is required during embryogenesis of Drosophila melanogaster for normal segmental development and for differentiation of posterior compartments.
(4) Genetic analysis in Drosophila has shown that engrailed (en) plays an important role in segmentation and neurogenesis.
(5) The first pattern of expression is in alternating segments followed by expression in every segment, suggesting that engrailed may be responding to pair-rule segmentation gene products.
(6) By contrast, the homeo box within the engrailed gene diverges substantially and, unlike the other homeo boxes, is interrupted by an intervening sequence.
(7) These results indicate that 1) Engrailed-2 expression is suppressed in the most ventral neural tube owing to induction of the floor plate by the notochord, and 2) that the presence of an underlying notochord is not required for correct rostrocaudal expression, suggesting that multiple pathways act in the patterning of the rudiment of the central nervous system.
(8) The crystal structure of a complex containing the engrailed homeodomain and a duplex DNA site has been determined at 2.8 A resolution and refined to a crystallographic R factor of 24.4%.
(9) This early requirement for engrailed does not appear to be a maternal function, and only genetically engrailed embryos displayed these precellular phenotypes.
(10) No other transcribed regions were found up to 16 kb downstream and 48 kb upstream of the engrailed transcription unit, the portion of the genome to which engrailed mutations have been mapped.
(11) Comparison of amino acid sequences between the entire Xenopus En-2 and the Drosophila engrailed proteins confirms conservation of sequences inside as well as proximal to the homeobox and reveals a region of similarity towards the N terminus.
(12) The Drosophila engrailed gene product (En) is a homeodomain-containing protein that contributes to segmental patterning.
(13) These results are discussed in the context of an autoregulatory model for engrailed regulation.
(14) hh expression in epidermal cells is confined to the posterior compartments and coincides precisely with that of engrailed (en).
(15) An enzyme system that accurately initiates transcription of the engrailed gene has been prepared from Drosophila embryos.
(16) We have examples of patches of hairy cells (where we monitor the effect on fushi tarazu (ftz) expression), even-skipped (monitoring ftz) and ftz (monitoring engrailed and Ultrabithorax).
(17) By examining embryonic expression of the mouse engrailed (En) genes, from 8.0 to 9.5 days postcoitum, we demonstrate that Wnt-1 primarily regulates midbrain development.
(18) This gene, which encodes a transmembrane protein, is initially expressed in a generalized way at blastoderm, but later stops being transcribed in cells expressing the engrailed gene, and even later in cells in the middle of the parasegment.
(19) Autoregulation graduates to wingless independence, but is transient, and is superseded by an engrailed-independent mode of maintenance.
(20) It appears to control morphogenesis by regulating the expression of the segmentation gene engrailed (en), and by autoregulating its own expression (M. Frasch and M.L., in preparation).
Engrain
Definition:
(v. t.) To dye in grain, or of a fast color. See Ingrain.
(v. t.) To incorporate with the grain or texture of anything; to infuse deeply. See Ingrain.
(v. t.) To color in imitation of the grain of wood; to grain. See Grain, v. t., 1.
Example Sentences:
(1) Biological and psychosocial aspects of pathogenesis are discussed, especially in the light of a "shame-humiliation model" of paranoid processes, since shame and humiliation are engrained in Chinese culture.
(2) "But it's difficult for me because, it's very engrained within me," he said.
(3) His defiance is engrained and he scorns even those guards who try to be friendly.
(4) John Christensen of Tax Justice Network said: "Tax avoidance is deeply engrained in Britain's corporate culture.
(5) Trafficking in this region has become deeply engrained.” In the village of Kunuri, Deepti Minch, 19, describes her experience of being trafficked into domestic servitude in northern India’s Punjab state.
(6) Rebuck warned against the impact of digital piracy, saying it had been " engrained culturally ", and backed controversial moves to cut off the internet connections of people caught downloading pirated material.
(7) It is, of course, impossible to snap his fingers and replicate the Venezuelan system – El Sistema – that has seen the best part of 300,000 children given an orchestral training, and which has engrained classical music in numerous wider communities.
(8) Indeed, many believed that conflict was deeply engrained in human society, and that nations that survived did so because they were prepared to struggle.
(9) The first is the engrained idea that a capitalist crisis necessarily leads to radicalisation.
(10) Fortune-telling is so engrained in society that it is too late for this propaganda to have any impact But despite the official line, North Korea’s top elites are known to invite famous fortune-tellers to Pyongyang with warm hospitality, often in order to find out more about their future.
(11) His substantive point was a critique of what is now the conventional wisdom – promoted by Batty and most feminist groups – that “engrained sexism and gender power imbalances are the root causes of domestic violence”.
(12) More recently tolerance has grown in larger Chinese cities, but conservative attitudes remain deeply engrained and workplace discrimination against gay men and lesbians is common.
(13) Feelings about infertility are based on something deeper and more engrained in a person's character called concepts.
(14) And in provincial towns, away from the tourist resorts, it’s a far more deeply engrained idea – that the streets after dark become a male space.
(15) She will claim: "We're seeing an alien, warped view of sex normalised into our culture, engrained by the invisible hand of the market."
(16) But public funding became engrained in the sports business model long ago, so teams still have every reason to convince their fans to believe.
(17) It should be engrained in the culture of every organisation that works in this field, whether they be private, charity, or publicly run.
(18) But fortune-telling is so engrained in society that it is too late for this propaganda to have any impact: even government officials feel skeptical about the propaganda, for a story about ghosts or souls is no longer a strange story to them.