(1) Although ensiling and processing influenced the rate and extent of DM and CP degradation in situ, treatment did not influence effective degradability.
(2) Hay was fed in 8 of the 12 trials, fresh-cut green-chop in two trials and ensiled corn stover and ensiled milo stover in one trial each.
(3) Samples of fresh grass, wilted grass prior to and after ensiling in a stack silo and cut with either a cylinder-type forage harvester (11.3 mm of length cut) or a self-loading wagon (42.4 mm of length cut), wilted grass prior to and after ensiling in large round bales, and grass hay were obtained from the same field and used for determination of DM and CP degradability.
(4) Forage was ensiled in 10 900-kg concrete stave silos; 2 per year were assigned to one of five treatments consisting of control, treatment with an enzyme-chemical product, or treatment with one of three different types of lactic acid bacterial inoculants.
(5) Alfalfa, red clover, orchardgrass and timothy were harvested in the vegetative stage, wilted and stored as hay, or ensiled in small batch silos (20 kg) at 60, 40 or 20% (direct cut) dry matter and were analyzed for compositional differences.
(6) Effects of wilting of grass prior to ensiling on OM intake, ruminal digestibility, efficiency of bacterial protein synthesis, and amount and composition of duodenal N fraction were examined using four lactating Holstein cows.
(7) During the ensiling period, lactic acid concentrations increased (P less than .01) and ranged from 6 to 11% of DM by 64 d of ensiling.
(8) Treatments for the soybean trial were ensiled whole soybeans, untreated whole soybeans, and 4 or 14% soybean meal.
(9) Decomposition of glycosinolates does not occur during ensiling of clover, which, in the authors' opinion, is explained by the low activity of glycosinolate hydrolases.
(10) In addition to a basic ration (barley, dried green fodder, fishmeal) pigs (castrated males, 100 ... 130 kg live weight) received a supplement of raw potato starch, raw ensiled potatoes, cooked potato starch or steamed ensiled potatoes; nutrient and amino acid passage and digestibility (absorption) were measured in the small intestine, the upper large intestine and the total digestive tract with the help of simple cannulae at the distal ileum and the middle of the hind gut and the estimation of the HCl insoluble ash as an indicator.
(11) Calf performance was better with ensiled than with deydrated coffee pulp, particularly in the third trial, where the differences in weight gains were significantly higher (P less than 0.05).
(12) Ensiled products of the maize plant show some degradation during the ensiling process.
(13) Prolonged dry periods will reduce available A and E in pasture forage, as can ensiling and prolonged storage of harvested feedstuffs.
(14) Bovine ruminal contents and blood were ensiled with wheat straw, either untreated or treated with 4% NaOH (DM basis), with and without addition of 5% dry molasses.
(15) Ensiled mixtures of seafood processing wastes and wheat straw were evaluated.
(16) Second-crop, mixed grass-legume forage was ensiled in four bunker silos either untreated or after application at the forage harvester of an enzyme mixture containing cellulase, xylanase, cellobiase, and glucose oxidase, a commercial inoculant, or both additives combined.
(17) Two digestion and N metabolism trials were conducted with 35-kg wethers to assess the feeding value of whole cottonseed or soybeans ensiled with corn silage in 3.6-m3 concrete silos (1.8 x 1.4 m).
(18) Silage total N content was not different (P greater than .05) among small grain species or stages of maturity either at harvest or 64 d after ensiling.
(19) It is concluded that storage time does not change nutritive value of coffee pulp; and the ensiling is an adequate process for storing pulp during coffee harvesting, and, possibly also, for improving its nutritive value.
(20) Coffee pulp, dehydrated and stored for 7, 13 and 17 months or ensiled for 4, 10 and 14 months, was studied in calves with a rapid growing rate.