What's the difference between envelope and rampart?

Envelope


Definition:

  • (n.) Alt. of Envelop

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The oral nerve endings of the palate, the buccal mucosa and the periodontal ligament of the cat canine were characterized by the presence of a cellular envelope which is the final form of the Henle sheath.
  • (2) Sequence variation in the gp116 component of cytomegalovirus envelope glycoprotein B was examined in 11 clinical strains and compared with variation in gp55.
  • (3) Thus, although ferric-enterochelin cannot penetrate the cell surface from outside, the complex that is formed within the envelope is transported normally into the cell.
  • (4) In addition, transitional macrophages with both positive granules and positive RER, nuclear envelope, negative Golgi apparatus (as in exudate- resident macrophages in vivo), and mature macrophages with peroxidatic activity only in the RER and nuclear envelope (as in resident macrophages in vivo) were found.
  • (5) Studies using serum from mice that had been immunized with synthetic peptides from the HIV envelope region suggested that this response is directed, at least in part, at several determinants of the transmembrane portion of the HIV envelope glycoprotein.
  • (6) The influence of exogenous gangliosides on the structure of the viral envelope was studied using fluorescent and photoactivatable phospholipids incorporated into the viral membrane.
  • (7) Cells infected with enveloped viruses are good systems for studying both aspects of protein glycosylation, since they contain a limited number of different glycoproteins, often with well-defined functions.
  • (8) The enzyme was removed from the cell envelope by treatment of the whole cells with sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, sodium deoxycholate, and proteinase K.
  • (9) After virus release the major portion of precursors is assembled within an approximately 25 nm thick layer directly attached to the envelope.
  • (10) This single substitution was sufficient to abolish all detectable cleavage of the gp160 envelope precursor polypeptide as well as virus infectivity.
  • (11) The envelope glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus consists of two subunits, designated gp120 and gp41, derived from the cleavage of a precursor polypeptide gp160.
  • (12) Lipopolysaccharide content correlated significantly with drug uptake and sensitivity, and it appeared to determine the degree of penetration of the cell envelope by these chlorinated phenols.
  • (13) Matrix protein (36,500 daltons), one of the major polypeptides of the Escherichia coli cell envelope, is arranged in a periodic monolayer which covers the outer surface of the peptidoglycan.
  • (14) Translation of mRNA encoding vesicular stomatitis virus envelope glycoprotein G by as membrane-free ribosomal extract obtained from HeLa cells yielded a nonglycosylated protein (G1 (Mr 63,000).
  • (15) For both the single- and multiple-band signals, performance was best when the signal band(s) had a different envelope from the common envelope of the cue bands, and performance was worst when either the cue bands all had different envelopes, or the signal and cue bands all shared the same envelope.
  • (16) The data collected by several approaches reveal that assembly and maturation of vaccinia involves a tightly coupled sequence of interrelated events including the assembly of the envelope, post-translational cleavage of several virion polypeptides, and induction of the core enzymes.
  • (17) The relationship of vaccinia haemagglutinin (HA) to extracellular enveloped virus (EEV) was examined.
  • (18) April 17, 2013 The third floor isn't doing so well either: Rebecca Berg (@rebeccagberg) Capitol police email Senate offices: Police "are responding to a suspicious envelope on the third floor of the Hart Senate Office Building."
  • (19) Several fractions were extracted from the cell envelope (CE) of Neisseria meningitidis group B and characterized with regard to their morphology, antigenicity, protein composition, and toxicity.
  • (20) This preactivated merocyanine 540 was then mixed (in the dark) with tumour cells, normal cells and envelope viruses to assess its antiproliferative activity.

Rampart


Definition:

  • (n.) That which fortifies and defends from assault; that which secures safety; a defense or bulwark.
  • (n.) A broad embankment of earth round a place, upon which the parapet is raised. It forms the substratum of every permanent fortification.
  • (v. t.) To surround or protect with, or as with, a rampart or ramparts.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) We bartered for almonds and olives in the market, where there wasn't another tourist to be seen, and sat on the ramparts, watching the sun fall away beyond the horizon.
  • (2) The turbine housings, which are half-complete, resemble the jagged ramparts of a fort.
  • (3) How Google's antitrust headache began not from castle ramparts Read more An investigation by the Guardian into Google’s multifaceted lobbying campaign in Europe has uncovered fresh details of its activities and methods.
  • (4) The find is a few miles from Bredon hill, which has been a scene of human activity down the ages and still boasts the earthen ramparts of an iron age hill fort.
  • (5) Here, Main, Sidney Bracken, 65, Paul Radley, 52, and David Robinson, 63, are cooking an outdoor breakfast, after hanging a huge banner around the ramparts of the fort.
  • (6) There have been many initiatives, reports and government level strategies in recent years but few, perhaps none, have hammered at the ramparts of care for learning disabled adults with the force of BBC's Panorama expose Undercover Care: The Abuse Exposed .
  • (7) Analysis of the errors showed that one of the focal problems of the Gilbert-McKern system was the difficulty in judging whether the ventral rampart was building up or breaking down.
  • (8) They have gone, instead, for the candidate who seems best placed to appeal beyond the Republican ramparts, to swing voters and independents, just as they did in 2008 by choosing John McCain.
  • (9) The ridged area, where sweat ducts are distributed, is constructed of grooves and ramparts.
  • (10) O’er the ramparts we watched, were so gallantly streaming” – what does it mean?
  • (11) Things soon get serious with a tough climb onto Shoulsbarrow Common, beneath the ramparts of an iron-age hill fort.
  • (12) Voters, buffeted by unemployment, dismayed by immigration, scared of terrorism, and angry at growing inequality, crave the alleged certainties of a past where the strong nation state was a rampart for its citizens.
  • (13) Adults £85 per day, children (aged 13-17) £60 per day, overnight kayak camping expeditions an additional £15 per person per night Eilean Donan, Dornie Photograph: Alamy Clamber around the ramparts and explore the dimly lit nooks and crannies of one of the most romantic castles in Scotland.
  • (14) 2 Go through the gate on the right and follow the surfaced path through the ancient ramparts of the hill fort to the summit trig point.
  • (15) "They seek the secret of the Grail," gasps carbuncular nobleman Bertrand, as swarms of rhubarbing crusaders prepare to storm his ramparts.
  • (16) They have also used their nine-month siege of the north to dig in, creating elaborate defences, including tunnels and ramparts using construction equipment abandoned by fleeing construction crews.
  • (17) By the break of dawn the citadel's ramparts had been draped with banners proclaiming: "Peoples of Europe rise up."
  • (18) Offshore, a recognisably Viking kingdom boasts a fleet of longships; Westeros itself, like dark ages England, was once a heptarchy, a realm of seven kingdoms; the massive rampart of ice which guards its northernmost frontier is recognisably inspired by Hadrian's wall.
  • (19) But his passion for conservation isn’t confined to the 80 acres of streets and historic buildings within the fort’s Dutch-built ramparts.
  • (20) On this larger project, a stronger more robust New Orleans, the progress that you have made is remarkable.” Leo Watermeier, a longtime resident of North Rampart Street in the French Quarter and community activist, told the Guardian in an email that “I agree we’re moving forward.” “The influx of new people after Katrina has brought a new energy, that’s both pushing for needed changes and respectful of our traditions,” Watermeier said.