(v. t.) The outer, nonsensitive layer of the skin; cuticle; scarfskin. See Dermis.
(v. t.) The outermost layer of the cells, which covers both surfaces of leaves, and also the surface of stems, when they are first formed. As stems grow old this layer is lost, and never replaced.
Example Sentences:
(1) The observed staining indicated that the epithelium of the external auditory meatus has a pattern of keratin expression typical of epidermis in general and the epithelium of the middle ear resembles simple columnar epithelia.
(2) A comparison between TPA and cytokeratins was also made by immunoblotting which revealed immunoreactivity of antibodies to TPA with cytokeratin polypeptides of different species (man, mouse) and organs (epidermis, liver), particularly with the cytokeratin component 8 of human liver and the related component A of mouse liver.
(3) The enzyme profile of the epidermis was investigated in relation to depth.
(4) It increased linearly in both the epidermis and dermis, reaching nearly 100% 24 hr following its injection on Day 8.
(5) UVB irradiation augmented the beta-adrenergic adenylate cyclase response of pig skin epidermis in vitro.
(6) The kinetics of both the solube and particulate enzymes from epidermis of some elderly patients with either diabetes or ischaemia showed some differences from the kinetics of enzymes from healthy epidermis from younger individuals.
(7) These results indicate that uninvolved psoriatic epidermis has an increased capacity to metabolize free AA into 12-lipoxygenase products.
(8) Besides the rough, wrinkled, and brown or black surface of the fingertips, microwrinkles of the epidermis occur on the skin ridges, which have so far not been described.
(9) At an ultrastructural level, 15-1 immunogold-labeling in the epidermis was confined to the surface of cells exhibiting Birbeck granules.
(10) The synthesis of uPA as a precursor with reduced enzymatic activity as well as decreased affinity for inhibitors is likely to be a mechanism by which normal epidermis regulates plasminogen activation in vivo.
(11) The bone marrow derivation of dThy-1+EC is now well established: dThy-1+EC carry Ly-5 determinants whose expression is restricted to cells of the hemopoietic differentiation pathway, and studies using Thy-1-disparate radiation bone marrow chimeras have revealed the presence of donor-type Thy-1+ cells within the epidermis; by immunoelectron microscopy, these cells represent dThy-1+EC.
(12) Exposure of neutrophils to AS resulted in deactivation to AS but not to Escherichial coli or Staphylococcus epidermis culture filtrate.
(13) The delta-PKC-like kinase of mouse epidermis (p82-kinase) was down-regulated after topical application of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) to mouse skin.
(14) The purpose of this report is to present the kinetics of reduction of epidermal mass following the production of the epidermal hyperplasia as the epidermis returns to its normal thickness during the period of regression.
(15) Immunoreactivity was restricted to the periderm and intermediate layers of fetal epidermis at 55 d of gestation, when the first wave of wool follicles are initiated.
(16) In hatched larvae around developmental stage 46, strong expression of 2NI-36 was observed in several tissues including the vascular endothelium, the pigmented epithelium and the inner layer of skin epidermis.
(17) Our results show that two major types of terminally differentiating keratinocytes can be distinguished in human epidermis, i.e.
(18) This results suggest the presence of structural abnormalities in epidermis of EB simplex.
(19) By contrast, epidermal Langerhans cell (LC) HLA-DR and T6 expressions in normal epidermis were greatly reduced by an identical dose of UVB.
(20) This calcium-binding protein was not in skin epidermis, but was confined to the dermal layer.
Invertebrate
Definition:
(a.) Destitute of a backbone; having no vertebrae; of or pertaining to the Invertebrata.
(n.) One of the Invertebrata.
Example Sentences:
(1) The results suggest that normal development of some invertebrate neural pathways may be more dependent on experience during ontogeny than has previously been assumed.
(2) This result is in contrast to most other animals (ranging from invertebrates to mammals), in which sperm are generally motile for at least several hours.
(3) This invertebrate precipitin, Tridacnin, may be used as a marker for nearly two thirds of all asialo serum glycoproteins; A number of different cross-reactions with various other polysaccharides and galactans subdivides those neuraminidase-treated glycoproteins into several subgroups, indicating that the uncovered carbohydrate structures are not always completely identical.
(4) We compared the molecular nature of the rat brain opiate receptor with that of the invertebrate leech, Haemopis marmorata, and the protozoan, Tetrahymena, in order to examine the issue of apparent receptor heterogeneity with respect to biochemical structure.
(5) The ruthenium red method was also used on a number of marine invertebrate embryos and larvae, representing different phyla, to facilitate comparisons between their surface coats.
(6) Using an SDS gel electrophoresis method, connectin, very high molecular weight (approximately 10(6) dalton) protein, was detected in an SDS extract of whole tissues of various types of muscles of vertebrates and invertebrates.
(7) Thirty-five antisera to 20 vertebrate regulatory peptides and 1 invertebrate peptide (FMRFamide) were used to screen the worm for neuropeptide IR.
(8) Purification procedures that appear to be generally applicable to invertebrate MTs have only recently been developed and are described here.
(9) The over-all response of duck erythrocytes is considered as an example of "isosmotic intracellular regulation," a term used to describe a form of volume regulation common to euryhaline invertebrates which is achieved by adjusting the number of effective intracellular osmotic particles.
(10) The body wall muscle and the blood vessel muscle are compared with other muscle types described in invertebrates.
(11) Although neither protein bound to heparin, gelatin, hexosamine, or uronic acid-Sepharose resins, their affinity for an invertebrate proteoglycan, their roles in sponge cell adhesion, and their peripheral membrane protein natures suggest that they may represent early invertebrate analogs of cell-associated vertebrate extracellular matrix adhesion proteins, such as fibronectin or vitronectin, or else an entirely novel set of cell adhesion molecules.
(12) In organisms as diverse as bacteria, plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates, synthesis of these proteins is directly correlated with the acquisition of thermotolerance.
(13) Invertebrate systems have proved to be quite useful for the development of an understanding of some processes in the central nervous system (CNS).
(14) The amino acid composition of the ABRM calmodulin closely resembled that of other invertebrate calmodulins.
(15) Current thinking on fixed behaviors in invertebrates holds that they are generated by specialized neural circuits in the brain.
(16) In view of reports that the nerve fibers of the sea prawn conduct impulses more rapidly than other invertebrate nerves and look like myelinated vertebrate nerves in the light microscope, prawn nerve fibers were studied with the electron microscope.
(17) To test the hypothesis that inositol trisphosphate (InsP3) mediates adaptation and excitation in invertebrate photoreceptors, we measured its formation on a rapid time scale in squid retinas.
(18) The cellular and circuit properties of individual identified neurons in invertebrates can be readily studied; hence it is possible to determine how the complex properties of nerve cells function in the generation of behavior.
(19) These processes may be conserved in a wide range of invertebrates and vertebrates.
(20) The action of ocular screening pigments of vertebrates (melanins) as well as those of invertebrates (ommochromes) on lipid peroxidation has been studied.