(a.) Equal in wortir or value, force, power, effect, import, and the like; alike in significance and value; of the same import or meaning.
(a.) Equal in measure but not admitting of superposition; -- applied to magnitudes; as, a square may be equivalent to a triangle.
(a.) Contemporaneous in origin; as, the equivalent strata of different countries.
(n.) Something equivalent; that which is equal in value, worth, weight, or force; as, to offer an equivalent for damage done.
(n.) That comparative quantity by weight of an element which possesses the same chemical value as other elements, as determined by actual experiment and reference to the same standard. Specifically: (a) The comparative proportions by which one element replaces another in any particular compound; thus, as zinc replaces hydrogen in hydrochloric acid, their equivalents are 32.5 and 1. (b) The combining proportion by weight of a substance, or the number expressing this proportion, in any particular compound; as, the equivalents of hydrogen and oxygen in water are respectively 1 and 8, and in hydric dioxide 1 and 16.
(n.) A combining unit, whether an atom, a radical, or a molecule; as, in acid salt two or more equivalents of acid unite with one or more equivalents of base.
(v. t.) To make the equivalent to; to equal; equivalence.
Example Sentences:
(1) A survey carried out two and three years after the launch of the official campaign also showed a reduction in the prevalence of rickets in children taking low dose supplements equivalent to about 2.5 micrograms (100 IU) vitamin D daily.
(2) Although lorazepam and haloperidol produced an equivalent mean decrease in aggression, significantly more subjects who received lorazepam had a greater decrease in aggression ratings than haloperidol recipients; this effect was independent of sedation.
(3) In the 153 women to whom iron supplements were given during pregnancy, the initial fall in haemoglobin concentration was less, was arrested by 28 weeks gestation and then rose to a level equivalent to the booking level.
(4) The reducing equivalents could be donated by formate or NADH through some segment of the membrane respiratory chain.
(5) We found that, although controlled release delivery of ddC inhibited de novo FeLV-FAIDS replication and delayed onset of viremia when therapy was discontinued (after 3 weeks), an equivalent incidence and level of viremia were established rapidly in both ddC-treated and control cats.
(6) At concentrations several hundredfold higher than the equivalents present in the minimum concentration of rat skin soluble collagen required for platelet aggregation, neither Hyl-Gal (at 29 muM) nor Hyl-Gal-Glc (at 18 muM) caused platelet aggregation or inhibited platelet aggregation by native collagen.
(7) The concentrations of anesthetics having this effect on the putative Ca2+ channel were between 0.0026 and 0.078 MAC equivalents for each agent, and these concentrations are much lower than the anesthetic concentrations affecting Ca2+ uptake.
(8) The industry will pay a levy of £180m a year, or the equivalent of £10.50 a year on all household insurance policies.
(9) Legislation governing adoption has attempted to make the adoptive family the equivalent of a consanguinal one, with varying degrees of success.
(10) In spite of the formation of the epoxide intermediate, no binding of [14C]d-limonene equivalents to mouse kidney proteins was observed.
(11) However, the degree of inhibition of parasite replication after exposure to rMu-GM-CSF was not as great as after treatment with rMu-IFN-gamma, and much more rMu-GM-CSF than rMu-IFN-gamma was required to achieve an equivalent antimicrobial effect.
(12) Ferredoxin reductase (Fd-reductase) supplies reducing equivalents obtained from NADPH to mitochondrial cytochrome P450 enzymes via the small iron-sulfur protein ferredoxin.
(13) Eight healthy, nonsmoking subjects received 1.7, 3.4, and 5.2 mg of atropine sulfate by inhalation and 1.67 mg of atropine free base (equivalent to 2 mg of atropine sulfate) by intramuscular (i.m.)
(14) Early in the infection, the 5'-most site, L1, is used preferentially, whereas late in infection, all sites are used equivalently.
(15) Both formats were found equivalent on all measures.
(16) The norms are reported as "Scaled Score Equivalents of Raw Scores" for each age group and as "IQ Equivalents of Sums of Scaled Scores."
(17) An average size chromomere of the polytene X chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster contains enough DNA in each haploid equivalent strand to code for 30 genes, each 1,000 nucleotides long.
(18) Tumours from two of three patients with a current HBV infection contained 1--2 genomes per cell of unintegrated viral DNA, while tumours from the third HBs antigen-positive patient contained less than one genome equivalent per ten cells.
(19) However, the diuretic effect of 1 mg bumetanide is equivalent to 40 to 60 mg furosemide or ethacrynic acid.
(20) And the equivalent pulmonary vascular resistance Rpc was calculated as the predicted pulmonary vascular resistance in the increased pulmonary blood flow of two times Qp.
Superposition
Definition:
(n.) The act of superposing, or the state of being superposed; as, the superposition of rocks; the superposition of one plane figure on another, in geometry.
Example Sentences:
(1) Repair after methyl methanesulfonate and after visible light (in bromodeoxyuridine-substituted cells) may be interpreted as a superposition of the X-ray and UV-like repair systems.
(2) In contrast to such artifacts of superposition, however, the observed intercommunicating pores are contained within a pair of culs-de-sac formed by the fused membranes of both cells.
(3) We are able to describe our data in terms of a superposition of single and multiple-hit fractions and to show that the latter are greatly increased, in excision-repair-competent strains, by prevention of protein synthesis for 1 h prior to irradiation.
(4) In application to the dorsoventral patterning of insects, it is shown that a superposition of two pattern-forming reactions is required.
(5) The association of mitral leaflets (composed of excess tissue and opposed to flow by a perpendicular position attributable to a narrow mitroaortic angle) and geometric left ventricular modifications (responsible for the superposition of mitral inflow to ventricular outflow) also qualifies as a mechanism for the induction of LVOTO after mitral surgical repair.
(6) The two lobes of the molecule, representing the N-terminal and C-terminal halves, have very similar folding, with a root-mean-square deviation, after superposition, of 1.32 A for 285 out of 330 C alpha atoms; the only major differences being in surface loops.
(7) When the mean pressure values of the potentiated beats in a given experiment are multiplied by a single factor, superposition of the two relationships is obtained.
(8) In the model, we assumed that molecular motion within a finite resolvable volume element (voxel) is a superposition of flow of randomly oriented small capillaries.
(9) Such a superposition in general, resulted in a polar-plot with four peaks 90 degrees apart from each other (four-symmetrical polar-plot).
(10) Traditional "stimulus-time-locked signal averaging" of human EEG, as usually practiced in both clinical and basic contexts, assumes the superposition principle of algebraic summation for a linear time series.
(11) If an unselected sample includes individuals whose blood pressure is sensitive to their salt intake and individuals whose blood pressure is not sensitive, then the superposition of these two sub-populations in a scatterplot of individuals' blood pressures against their salt intakes could give a triangular distribution.
(12) Here we examine a simple one-dimensional caricature of their model which exhibits similar linear behaviour and present a nonlinear analysis which shows the possibility of superposition of modes subject to appropriate parameter values and initial conditions.
(13) There is useful information in the deviations from the rigid body superposition.
(14) Taking into account the hypothesis of the superposition of the alloreactive and the anti-self plus conventional antigens T sets of cells, we investigated whether immunization with conventional antigens was able to alter alloreactive T levels.
(15) The relation between the quality of the optical image and the fineness of the retinal mosaic has been studied in eyes of three different optical types: the simple eyes of spiders, the superposition compound eyes of moths, and the apposition compound eyes of butterflies.
(16) A small, but clearly detectable delay of the 'on-field' orientation can be described accurately by the superposition of two exponential processes with opposite amplitudes.
(17) It is shown that the ESR spectra of triple-stranded complex formed by the polyribouridylic acid with the trideoxyadenylate spin-labelled on terminal phosphate is a superposition of the signals with strongly different width of HFS-components.
(18) The response to an optimally oriented stimulus of both simple and complex cells in the cat's striate visual cortex (area 17) can be suppressed by the superposition of an orthogonally oriented drifting grating.
(19) Domain II has the active site, which, by appropriate superposition of both domains, can be located close to the AMP binding site and to the hyperreactive SH group.
(20) They are due to phenomena of induction or saturation of enzymatic activities and to the multi-step nature of carcinogenesis: if a carcinogen accelerates more than one step, the superposition of the dose-response curves for the individual steps can result in an exponential relationship.