(n.) A diseased condition of rye and other cereals, in which the grains become black, and often spur-shaped. It is caused by a parasitic fungus, Claviceps purpurea.
(n.) The mycelium or spawn of this fungus infecting grains of rye and wheat. It is a powerful remedial agent, and also a dangerous poison, and is used as a means of hastening childbirth, and to arrest bleeding.
(n.) A stub, like soft horn, about the size of a chestnut, situated behind and below the pastern joint.
(n.) See 2d Calcar, 3 (b).
Example Sentences:
(1) Moreover, the ergot drugs were more active in displacing 3H-haloperidol than 3H-dopamine from striatal membranes.
(2) We tested affinities of newly synthesized ergot derivatives to alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptors, D1- and D2-dopamine receptors, muscarinic acetylcholinoceptors and beta-adrenoceptors using radioligand binding techniques.
(3) The main drugs with specific action on migraine include ergot alkaloids (ergotamine, dihydroergotamine), agonists (sumatriptan) or partial agonists (methysergide) at a specific subtype of 5-HT1-like receptors, beta-adrenoceptor antagonists (propranolol, metoprolol), calcium antagonists (flunarizine) and anti-inflammatory agents (indomethacin).
(4) Eleven women with secondary amenorrhoea and hyperprolactinaemia were treated with lisuride, a new semisynthetic ergot derivative.
(5) The high risk of postabortal complications owing to the defects of the myometrium necessitated the administration of weak uterine drugs, such as ergotal.
(6) This experience suggests that bromocriptine, a derivative of ergot alkaloids, can cause coronary arterial spasm, and subsequent myocardial infarction.
(7) Chromosome examination was made from 12 healthy adult male volunteers by using human lymphocyte cultures twice before, and 8 and 12 weeks after continuous intake of 3 X 1.5 mg Hydergine, an ergot derivative, per day orally.
(8) Effects of ergot alkaloids, nicergoline (NIC), on survival rate, brain water content, local cerebral blood flow (LCBF: 14C-iodoantipyrine) and glucose utilization (LCGU: 14C-2-deoxyglucose) were examined after bilateral carotid artery occlusion (BCAO) in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
(9) Postsynaptic and DA "autoreceptor" agonists [apomorphine, (-) 3-PPP], as well as dopaminergic ergot derivatives (bromocriptine, lergotrile, lisuride) and Sch 23390, substituted for Ly 171555, a partial ergoline which has behavioral effects that are blocked by haloperidol and molindone, but not by either Sch 23390 or serotonin (5-HT) antagonists (ketanserin, pizotifen).
(10) Although the ergot alkaloids (ergots) are useful drugs for the acute treatment of migraine headaches, their mechanism of action remains obscure.
(11) The effect of two recently synthetized dihydrogenated ergot peptide alkaloids has been investigated on the rabbit uterus in situ.
(12) Eleven patients with prolactin-producing pituitary adenomas were treated with the new non-ergot, long-acting dopamine agonist, CV 205-502, for a period of 2-18 months (mean 11 months).
(13) Monoaminergic neuronal systems have been implicated in the mechanisms of action of most ergot derivatives (including those that are clinically useful and those that are "hallucinogenic").
(14) No case of ergotism with such a localization has been previously described in the literature.
(15) This observation and 63 others cases in the litterature call attention to the potential dangers of the ergot derivatives (ergotamine tartrate), even at normally accepted therapeutic doses.
(16) In humans as in animals and in in vitro studies, inhibition of prolactin and LH release induced by ergot drugs are likely due to both an indirect effect via the hypothalamus and to a direct effect on the pituitary cells.
(17) In conclusion, buflomedil is as effective or more effective than dihydrogenated ergot alkaloids in the treatment of senile dementia associated with cerebrovascular insufficiency and could prove a valuable addition to long-term therapy if further studies support the trend shown in this study.
(18) The ergot alkaloids but not BC-105 also exhibited considerable stimulating activity.
(19) If Scammony does contain ergot alkaloids, it is suggested that it will be an excellent source for this material, since the plants cultivation is inexpensive and easy.
(20) Various ergot alkaloids and derivatives were investigated for their interaction with dopaminergic receptors at the level of the rat corpus striatum and nucleus accumbens.
Sclerotium
Definition:
(n.) A hardened body formed by certain fungi, as by the Claviceps purpurea, which produces ergot.
(n.) The mature or resting stage of a plasmodium.
Example Sentences:
(1) Three isolates of Gliocladium virens (G1, G2 and G3) and two of Trichoderma longibrachiatum (T1 and T2) were screened against isolates of three soilborne plant pathogens namely Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii and Pythium aphanidermatum.
(2) Conditions for obtaining stable protoplasts from Sclerotium glucanicum and their reversion to hyphal growth were determined.
(3) Some effects of light on morphogenesis in Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.
(4) The appearance of beta-1,3-glucanases in supernatants of Sclerotium glucanicum cultures was followed by SDS-PAGE and shown to be dependent on cultivation time.
(5) The intracellular spaces of the cortex tissue form a continuous system which is apparently instrumental in mediating communication between the growing sclerotium and the external milieu.
(6) Group controlled mechanism for production of carbohydrases by Sclerotium rolfsii is suggested.
(7) The hydrolysis of purified celluloses (cotton, Avicel, Cellulose-123, Solka Floc SW40) and cellulosic wastes (rice straw, sugarcane bagasse, wood powders, paper factory effluents) by Sclerotium rolfsii CPC 142 culture filtrate was studied.
(8) Lipid reserves in the sclerotium provided the principal carbon and energy source, and the nutrients required for stomatal growth appeared to be provided by the sclerotial tissues immediately beneath the point of attachment of the stoma.
(9) A light-stimulated increase in beta-1,3 glucan accumulation was observed for Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.
(10) The total level of free amino acids drops with proceeding development of the sclerotium.
(11) Enzyme stability studies in case of Sclerotium rolfsii UV-8 mutant have been investigated under the conditions used for saccharification of cellulose (50 degrees C, pH 4.5, 48 h).
(12) The growth of Sclerotium rolfsii and Whetzelinia sclerotiorum was reduced when 5 X 10(-4) to 2 X 10(-3) M 1-phenyl-2-thiourea (PTU) was incorporated into synthetic media and potato dextrose agar (PDA).
(13) The metabolites of the Canadian tuckahoe, the sclerotium of Polyporus tuberaster, have been investigated.
(14) The dominant fungi of shells of windrowed fruit included Chaetomium, Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Sclerotium, and Alternaria.
(15) vasinfectum, Fusarium solani, Rhizoctonia solani, and Sclerotium bataticola.
(16) A lysosomal system was demonstrated in hyphal tip cells of Sclerotium rolfsii by light and electron microscopy observations of the sites of acid phosphatase activity visualized by a modified Gomori lead nitrate method.
(17) In a parasitic culture, proline is probably supplied in sufficient amounts by the host plant and the main difference between the metabolism of fungal sphacelium and sclerotium is a different utilisation of acetyl-CoA.
(18) Respiration and respiratory enzymes of Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium bataticola.
(19) Metabolic products of Aspergillus flavus Link had a toxigenic effect upon Sclerotium bataticola Maub., decreasing its radial expansion and dry weight and enhancing sclerotial production.
(20) Sclerotium rolfsii produced unusual patterns of aerial mycelia and no sclerotia on media containing 2 X 10(-3) M PTU.