(n.) An ethereal salt, or compound ether, consisting of an organic radical united with the residue of any oxygen acid, organic or inorganic; thus the natural fats are esters of glycerin and the fatty acids, oleic, etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) These effects are similar to those reported for AVP and phorbol esters, activators of protein kinase C. Forskolin and isoproterenol, which induce cAMP accumulation, activated extractable topoisomerase II (maximum 5-15 min after treatment), but not topoisomerase I. Permeable cyclic nucleotide analogs dBcAMP and 8BrcGMP selectively activated extractable topoisomerase II and topoisomerase I activities, respectively.
(2) Preincubation of human neutrophils with recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha has previously been shown by us to enhance superoxide production of neutrophils in response to the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, and the phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate.
(3) Tumor promoting phorbol esters (1-1000 nM) could also inhibit PGE2 stimulated cAMP production dose dependently.
(4) These products were identified to be epimers of 5,12(S)-dihydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid methyl ester (5,12(S)-diHETE-Me) and epimers of 11,12-diHETE-Me.
(5) Benzyloxycarbonylarginine p-nitrophenyl ester and other activated esters of N-a-sustituted arginine salts may be useful reagents for introduction of trypsin-labile protecting groups into peptide fragments for purpose of polypeptide semi-synthesis.
(6) The immunodetectable PKC level in hypothyroid liver was elevated 7.7-fold, whereas the phorbol-ester binding capacity and the immunodetectable alpha-PKC level were increased 2.4- and 2.6-fold, respectively.
(7) The presence of a previously unreported dipeptide transport mechanism within blood leukocytes and the selective enrichment of the granule enzyme, DPPI, within cytotoxic effector cells of lymphoid or myeloid lineage appear to afford a unique mechanism for the targeting of immunotherapeutic reagents composed of simple dipeptide esters or amides.
(8) Incubation of membrane with DL-Hcys alone (5 X 10(-5) M), the combination of both Ad (5 X 10(-5)) and DL-Hcys (5 X 10(-5)), or S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) (1 X 10(-6)) strongly decreased the methyl ester formation.
(9) To this purpose, the formation of DHT has been measured in rat glial cell cultures after different time of exposure to TPA, 4 alpha-Ph, an active and an inactive phorbol ester respectively, and 8-Br-cAMP.
(10) Insulin incubation of plasma membranes pretreated with protease inhibitors (leupeptin, phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride) or with exogenous trypsin, but not chymotrypsin substrates (esters of arginine and tyrosine) yields an inactive supernatant on PDH.
(11) Lymphocyte stimulation by phorbol ester for a short time induces c-fos and c-myc expression, but has no effect on [3H]thymidine incorporation.
(12) The cryptoxanthin esters varied from 5 to 10% of the total carotenoids in Valencia orange juice concentrates and from 10 to 15% of the total carotenoids in Navel orange juice concentrates.
(13) Early in the regression process, cholesterol esters are reduced at least partly by hydrolysis to yield cholesterol, some of which may crystallize and inhibit rapid regression.
(14) The kinetics of the luminescent signal with the different luciferin esters varied significantly, indicating possible differences in the rates of uptake, breakdown and enzyme inhibition.
(15) In comparison to rat pancreas, [D-Phe6]BN-(6-13)ethyl ester, Ac-GRP-(20-26)ethyl ester, [D-Phe6,Cpa14, psi 13-14]BN-(6-14), [Leu14, psi 13-14]BN, and [Leu14, psi 9,10]BN had a 10,000-, 2,940-, 1,425-, 122-, and 4-fold, respectively, weaker affinity for BN receptors.
(16) Enzymatic lability does not, however, play as important a role as lipophilicity in the corneal and conjunctival penetration of cycloalkyl and aryl ester prodrugs.
(17) To determine whether the triadimefon-induced hyperactivity is due to an action on CNS catecholaminergic systems, we evaluated the effects of combined treatment of triadimefon with either the tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor d,l-alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine methyl ester HCl (alpha MPT) or the amine depletor reserpine.
(18) Growth of C. albicans in the presence of AGE affected the yeast lipid in a number of ways: the total lipid content was decreased; garlic-grown yeasts had a higher level of phosphatidylserines and a lower level of phosphatidylcholines; in addition to free sterols and sterol esters, C. albicans accumulated esterified steryl glycosides; the concentration of palmitic acid (16:0) and oleic acid (18:1) increased and that of linoleic acid (18:2) and linolenic acid (18:3) decreased.
(19) In comparison with native counterparts, the in vitro-formed LDL2 and HDL + VHDL were characterized by lower levels of triglyceride and cholesterol ester and higher levels of free cholesterol and lipid phosphorus.
(20) Several histidine derivatives are not susceptible to the enzyme but do inhibit the enzyme activity competitively; the most effective inhibitors are L-histidine methyl ester (Ki = 3.66 mM) and beta-imidazole lactic acid (Ki = 3.84 mM).
Selenite
Definition:
(n.) A salt of selenious acid.
(n.) A variety of gypsum, occuring in transparent crystals or crystalline masses.
Example Sentences:
(1) After a resuscitation period of 4 h, the medium was made selective by addition of either sodium thiosulfate, bile salts and iodine, or sodium selenite and L-cystine.
(3) This inhibition was partially reversed on addition of the translocated substrates sulphate or selenate to the external medium: selenite which is not translocated does not protect against DIDS inhibition.
(4) Pregnant hamsters were treated with selenite, selenate, and selenomethionine during the critical stages of embryogenesis.
(5) The less toxic seleno-di-N-acetylglycine was needed in larger molar doses and did not act as rapidly as selenite.
(6) DNA methylase isolated from selenite treated animals had only 43% of the activity as enzyme from control rats.
(7) The deposition of selenium (Se) in erythrocyte proteins was studied in rats fed Se as sodium selenite, selenocystine, selenomethionine (Se-Met), high Se wheat or selenium-enriched yeast.
(8) The effects of cadmium as cadmium acetate and selenium as sodium selenite on glucose output, cell viability, and glutathione levels in rat hepatocytes were evaluated.
(9) Thus, selenite gave higher radioactivity in myelin, then followed by the light synaptosomal and the vesicular fraction.
(10) The pre-incubation with sodium selenite reduces the respiratory index in guinea-pig cardiac mitochondria when alpha-ketoglutarate and glutamate are used as substrates.
(11) The severity of ischaemic lesion could be reduced by FRLP inhibition using antioxidative agents of sharply differing chemical nature (sodium selenite, alpha-tocopherol a.o.).
(12) An initial series of experiments, with hepatocytes in suspension, indicated that selenite-induced DNA fragmentation was oxygen dependent and could be inhibited by cyanide, HgCl2 and CuDIPS.
(13) Selenomethionine (10 ppm Se) resulted in an incidence of 13.1% malformations that were often multiple, whereas sodium selenite (10 and 25 ppm Se) resulted in 3.6 and 4.2% malformations.
(14) The increase or decrease of the sodium selenite dose by the factor ten had no effect on the preservation of the contractility of fragments of the heart-muscle after storage -196 degrees C in comparison to the control group.
(15) Percent hemolysis is marked decreased after a three-hour incubation of the whole blood with addition of selenomethionine as well as sodium selenite with tocopherole in combination before cryopreservation.
(16) The Food and Drug Administration gave approval in 1974 for the oral administration of supplemental selenium as either sodium selenite or sodium selenate to certain classes of swine and poultry.
(17) The cause of death by selenite was apparently due to the respiratory failure.
(18) Nevertheless, DNA and RNA polymerases, the enzymes responsible for this synthesis, are insensitive to inhibition by selenite.
(19) Sodium selenite is able to reduce it towards the normal level.
(20) is able to grow well up to 3% sodium selenite-containing media.