(n.) An ethereal salt, or compound ether, consisting of an organic radical united with the residue of any oxygen acid, organic or inorganic; thus the natural fats are esters of glycerin and the fatty acids, oleic, etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) These effects are similar to those reported for AVP and phorbol esters, activators of protein kinase C. Forskolin and isoproterenol, which induce cAMP accumulation, activated extractable topoisomerase II (maximum 5-15 min after treatment), but not topoisomerase I. Permeable cyclic nucleotide analogs dBcAMP and 8BrcGMP selectively activated extractable topoisomerase II and topoisomerase I activities, respectively.
(2) Preincubation of human neutrophils with recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha has previously been shown by us to enhance superoxide production of neutrophils in response to the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, and the phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate.
(3) Tumor promoting phorbol esters (1-1000 nM) could also inhibit PGE2 stimulated cAMP production dose dependently.
(4) These products were identified to be epimers of 5,12(S)-dihydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid methyl ester (5,12(S)-diHETE-Me) and epimers of 11,12-diHETE-Me.
(5) Benzyloxycarbonylarginine p-nitrophenyl ester and other activated esters of N-a-sustituted arginine salts may be useful reagents for introduction of trypsin-labile protecting groups into peptide fragments for purpose of polypeptide semi-synthesis.
(6) The immunodetectable PKC level in hypothyroid liver was elevated 7.7-fold, whereas the phorbol-ester binding capacity and the immunodetectable alpha-PKC level were increased 2.4- and 2.6-fold, respectively.
(7) The presence of a previously unreported dipeptide transport mechanism within blood leukocytes and the selective enrichment of the granule enzyme, DPPI, within cytotoxic effector cells of lymphoid or myeloid lineage appear to afford a unique mechanism for the targeting of immunotherapeutic reagents composed of simple dipeptide esters or amides.
(8) Incubation of membrane with DL-Hcys alone (5 X 10(-5) M), the combination of both Ad (5 X 10(-5)) and DL-Hcys (5 X 10(-5)), or S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) (1 X 10(-6)) strongly decreased the methyl ester formation.
(9) To this purpose, the formation of DHT has been measured in rat glial cell cultures after different time of exposure to TPA, 4 alpha-Ph, an active and an inactive phorbol ester respectively, and 8-Br-cAMP.
(10) Insulin incubation of plasma membranes pretreated with protease inhibitors (leupeptin, phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride) or with exogenous trypsin, but not chymotrypsin substrates (esters of arginine and tyrosine) yields an inactive supernatant on PDH.
(11) Lymphocyte stimulation by phorbol ester for a short time induces c-fos and c-myc expression, but has no effect on [3H]thymidine incorporation.
(12) The cryptoxanthin esters varied from 5 to 10% of the total carotenoids in Valencia orange juice concentrates and from 10 to 15% of the total carotenoids in Navel orange juice concentrates.
(13) Early in the regression process, cholesterol esters are reduced at least partly by hydrolysis to yield cholesterol, some of which may crystallize and inhibit rapid regression.
(14) The kinetics of the luminescent signal with the different luciferin esters varied significantly, indicating possible differences in the rates of uptake, breakdown and enzyme inhibition.
(15) In comparison to rat pancreas, [D-Phe6]BN-(6-13)ethyl ester, Ac-GRP-(20-26)ethyl ester, [D-Phe6,Cpa14, psi 13-14]BN-(6-14), [Leu14, psi 13-14]BN, and [Leu14, psi 9,10]BN had a 10,000-, 2,940-, 1,425-, 122-, and 4-fold, respectively, weaker affinity for BN receptors.
(16) Enzymatic lability does not, however, play as important a role as lipophilicity in the corneal and conjunctival penetration of cycloalkyl and aryl ester prodrugs.
(17) To determine whether the triadimefon-induced hyperactivity is due to an action on CNS catecholaminergic systems, we evaluated the effects of combined treatment of triadimefon with either the tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor d,l-alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine methyl ester HCl (alpha MPT) or the amine depletor reserpine.
(18) Growth of C. albicans in the presence of AGE affected the yeast lipid in a number of ways: the total lipid content was decreased; garlic-grown yeasts had a higher level of phosphatidylserines and a lower level of phosphatidylcholines; in addition to free sterols and sterol esters, C. albicans accumulated esterified steryl glycosides; the concentration of palmitic acid (16:0) and oleic acid (18:1) increased and that of linoleic acid (18:2) and linolenic acid (18:3) decreased.
(19) In comparison with native counterparts, the in vitro-formed LDL2 and HDL + VHDL were characterized by lower levels of triglyceride and cholesterol ester and higher levels of free cholesterol and lipid phosphorus.
(20) Several histidine derivatives are not susceptible to the enzyme but do inhibit the enzyme activity competitively; the most effective inhibitors are L-histidine methyl ester (Ki = 3.66 mM) and beta-imidazole lactic acid (Ki = 3.84 mM).
Tannate
Definition:
(n.) A salt of tannic acid.
Example Sentences:
(1) She remained permanently under treatment with pitressin tannate.
(2) Our most promising preparations to date, showing the most prolonged durations of action without evidence of gross toxicity, are naltrexone zinc tannate and naltrexone aluminum tannate.
(3) The patient was a 16-year-old male who had experienced pain, inflammation and tenderness in the left gluteal region owing to an abcess at the site of intramuscular injection of vasopressin tannate in oil (VTO).
(4) A reappraisal of a previous opinion, and subsequent comparative work leads to the conclusion that 40 microgram desamino arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) administered instransally, is a preferable dose to 20 microgram to use as a urinary concentrating agent in the diagnostic context, and that it is quite comparable to the standard agent, five units of pitressin tannate in oil.
(5) A 26-year-old man with complete neurogenic diabetes insipidus since age nine was initially treated with vasopressin (Pitressin Tannate in oil).
(6) We have studied some wines issued from pure varieties (Gamay, Pinot, Syrah, Malbec, Merlot, Tannat, Jurançon) and from country wines where they are predominant (Cahors: Malbec; Corbieres: Carignan).
(7) DDAVP can advantageously replace pitressin tannate in oil as a diagnostic agent.
(8) Therapy of homozygotes with vasopressin tannate in oil resulted in a prompt increase in the urinary excretion of prostaglandin E2 and prostaglandin F2alpha.
(9) Until recently, the only effective form of the drug available in Australia has been pitressin tannate in oil.
(10) Treatment with pitressin tannate reduced serum enzyme activity and water intake in rats with diabetes insipidus to levels which did not differ from controls.
(11) After subcutaneous injection of one unit of pitressin tannate in oil, the rats on average exhibited a 27% reduction in fluid intake and a 37% reduction in urine volume.
(12) The postnatal developmental course of the enhanced OT serum level of the vasopressin-deficient (homozygous) Brattleboro rat was investigated radioimmunochemically together with the response to treatment with Pitressin tannate.
(13) Ethynylestradiol 3-dimethylaminopropionate (1), norethindrone 3-(O-dimethylaminopropyl)oxime (syn and anti isomers, 2a and 2b), and testosterone 3-(O-dimethylaminopropyl)oxime (3) have been prepared and converted to zinc and aluminum tannate complexes as potentially long-acting prodrug forms of the parent steroids.
(14) Although satisfactory symptomatic relief can be obtained with vasopressin tannate, complete resolution of the diabetic insipidus syndrome was evident only in those patients who had achieved control of the underlying breast disease.
(15) Long-Evans rats were treated for 7 days with AVP (Pitressin tannate in oil, with single daily doses of 100 or 500 mU.100 g-1, s.c.) to determine whether AVP alters norepinephrine (NE) turnover in kidney, intestine, or skeletal muscle.
(16) The antidiuretic effect of this compound was compared with that of the long-acting Pitressin Tannate, containing a pituitary extract.
(17) The patient was given exogenous ADH (10 units of vasopressin tannate in oil, intramuscularly) to obtain a diagnosis, and she was found to be unable to concentrate her urine more than 1.008 in the specific gravity.
(18) Two patients with acute postoperative diabetes insipidus were effectively treated with 5 microgram of dDAVP every 14 to 18 h. Compared to previous therapy, side effects of dDAVP were minimal (headaches in two patients), and control of symptoms and urine volume was as good as with vasopressin tannate in oil or better than chlorpropamide and lysine vasopressin nasal spray.
(19) A 3-day treatment with Pitressin tannate both in the period before or after the age (day 16) at which the polyuria of the homozygous Brattleboro mutant can be revealed, failed to reduce the serum OT.
(20) The pressor response to intraventricular perfusions of angiotensin II were normal in Long-Evans rats, virtually absent in rats homozygous for hereditary hypothalamic diabetes insipidus, irrespective of whether they were injected with vasopressin tannate or not, and intermediate in rats heterozygous for hypothalamic diabetes insipidus.