(v. t.) To judge and form an opinion of the value of, from imperfect data, -- either the extrinsic (money), or intrinsic (moral), value; to fix the worth of roughly or in a general way; as, to estimate the value of goods or land; to estimate the worth or talents of a person.
(v. t.) To from an opinion of, as to amount,, number, etc., from imperfect data, comparison, or experience; to make an estimate of; to calculate roughly; to rate; as, to estimate the cost of a trip, the number of feet in a piece of land.
(n.) A valuing or rating by the mind, without actually measuring, weighing, or the like; rough or approximate calculation; as, an estimate of the cost of a building, or of the quantity of water in a pond.
Example Sentences:
(1) Changes in cardiac adenosine triphosphate (ATP), phosphocreatine (PCr) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) were followed and intracellular pH (pHi) was estimated from the chemical shift of Pi.
(2) Estimations of the degree of incorporation of 14C from the radioactive labeled carbohydrate into the glycerol and fatty acid moieties were carried out.
(3) We conclude that the SHBG concentration strongly affects this estimation.
(4) In this review, we demonstrate that serum creatinine does not provide an adequate estimate of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and contrary to recent teachings, that the slope of the reciprocal of serum creatinine vs time does not permit an accurate assessment of the rate of progression of renal disease.
(5) The models are applied to estimate the demand for tobacco products in Finland.
(6) Estimates of the risk probability for each dose level and sacrifice time are found utilizing the sample likelihood as the posterior density.
(7) Estimates of potential for gastrointestinal side effects using the rat enteropooling assay and in vivo monkey effects indicate that diarrhea will be substantially reduced with retention of uterine stimulating potency.
(8) The ED50 and ED95 of mivacurium in each group were estimated from linear regression plots of log dose vs probit of maximum percentage depression of neuromuscular function.
(9) We are pursuing legal action because there are still so many unanswered questions about the viability of Shenhua’s proposed koala plan and it seems at this point the plan does not guarantee the survival of the estimated 262 koalas currently living where Shenhua wants to put its mine,” said Ranclaud.
(10) To estimate the age of onset of these differences, and to assess their relationship to abdominal and gluteal adipocyte size, we measured adiposity, adipocyte size, and glucose and insulin concentrations during a glucose tolerance test in lean (less than 20% body fat), prepubertal children from each race.
(11) The level of significance of the statistical estimate of the change in the number of phonoreactive units (its increase due to deprivation) amounts to 92%.
(12) Variables included an ego-delay measure obtained from temporal estimations, perceptions of temporal dominance and relatedness obtained from Cottle's Circles Test, Ss' ages, and a measure of long-term posthospital adjustment.
(13) The molecular weight of antigen RFB2 was estimated to be approximately 85,000 daltons based on the results of gel filtration on Sepharose CL-6B.
(14) The radius is estimated to be around 1.7 nm, which shows a moderate degree of hydration.
(15) Another important factor, however, seems to be that patients, their families, doctors and employers estimate capacity of performance on account of the specific illness, thus calling for intensified efforts toward rehabilitation.
(16) The estimated DNA compaction ratio (approximately 3-fold) is consistent with a significant degree of nucleosome unfolding in the hyperstimulated BR genes.
(17) The Pan American Health Organization, the Americas arm of the World Health Organization, estimated the deaths from Tuesday's magnitude 7 quake at between 50,000 and 100,000, but said that was a "huge guess".
(18) The risk of recurrence and progression in 170 patients presenting with pTa urothelial tumours of the bladder has been estimated so that follow-up can be rationalised.
(19) Serum gamma glutamyl transferase (gammaGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities have been estimated in 49 epileptic patients taking anticonvulsant drugs.
(20) The effect of these drugs was estimated from the cell growth curve and DNA histogram determined by flow cytometry.
Presume
Definition:
(v. t.) To assume or take beforehand; esp., to do or undertake without leave or authority previously obtained.
(v. t.) To take or suppose to be true, or entitled to belief, without examination or proof, or on the strength of probability; to take for granted; to infer; to suppose.
(v. i.) To suppose or assume something to be, or to be true, on grounds deemed valid, though not amounting to proof; to believe by anticipation; to infer; as, we may presume too far.
(v. i.) To venture, go, or act, by an assumption of leave or authority not granted; to go beyond what is warranted by the circumstances of the case; to venture beyond license; to take liberties; -- often with on or upon before the ground of confidence.
Example Sentences:
(1) With aging, the blood vessel wall becomes hyperreactive--presumably because of an augmented vasoconstrictor and a reduced vasodilator responsiveness.
(2) Four of the 39 ticks in our colony were infected with a spirochete; presumably, Borrelia crocidurae.
(3) In the stage 24 chick embryo, a paced increase in heart rate reduces stroke volume, presumably by rate-dependent decrease in passive filling.
(4) Trichostatin C is presumably the first example of a glucopyranosyl hydroxamate from nature.
(5) 3) The first who presumed an independent state of these microorganisms, was Kohlert (1968), from the work of which the epithet for correct name, i.e.
(6) Recently, we have designed a series of simplified artificial signal sequences and have shown that a proline residue in the signal sequence plays an important role in the secretion of human lysozyme in yeast, presumably by altering the conformation of the signal sequence [Yamamoto, Y., Taniyama, Y., & Kikuchi, M. (1989) Biochemistry 28, 2728-2732].
(7) Though three of these presumable metabolites could slightly inhibit the binding of [3H]-KW-3049, they were not detected in rat and dog plasma at 0.5 h after oral administration of KW-3049.
(8) However, since CR3 does not recognize a hexapeptide containing RGD, we presume that residues beyond the RGD triplet contribute to binding.
(9) Since alkaline phosphatase, a glycoprotein, is not affected, the destruction is selective and presumably involves only the most exposed membrane components.
(10) Eighty four colorectal cancer patients who underwent presumably curative surgery were considered as candidates for control recurrence study.
(11) 5% of the degradation resulted from enzymatic activity in the culture medium, presumably due to secretion of proteolytic enzymes by the cells.
(12) The larger accumulation of Mn2+ than of Sr2+ in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is ascribed to the operation of a specific extrusion pump, presumably a Ca2+ pump, which has a higher affinity for Sr2+ than for Mn2+.
(13) Altering the time of PMA exposure demonstrated that PMA inhibited chondrocyte phenotypic expression, rather than cell commitment: early (0-48 h) exposure to PMA (during chondrocytic commitment in vitro) had little inhibitory effect on the staining index, whereas, exposure from 49-96 h (presumably post-commitment) and 0-96 h had moderate and strong inhibitory effects, respectively, on cartilage synthesis.
(14) In the terminal segment of the hamster epididymidis there was some evidence of micro-merocrine protein secretion a the level of the principal cells and clear evidence of granular secretion in the light cells, presumable of glycoproteins.
(15) The authors have considered an endocrine mechanism as the possible cause of these pathological changes which are presumed to be genetically conditioned.
(16) Presumable this medium was modified repeatedly after its introduction in bacteriology in 1918 by Gassner.
(17) Exposure had no effect on synaptically mediated facilitation or on late inhibition which is presumably associated with calcium-activated increases in potassium conductance.
(18) Treatment of bacterial cells with inhibitors of gyrase at high concentration leads to relaxation of DNA supercoils, presumably through interference with the supercoiling activity of gyrase.
(19) Compared with Sheehan's series in England, it was found the incidence of post-partum hypopituitarism in Okayama was presumably less than in England.
(20) In addition, we have shown that long-lived, presumably non-senescent, strains do not arise by suppressor mutation, but lose senescence plasmid DNA by another mechanism.