(1) In the present study, buccal ganglion neurons 5 were examined following exposure of animals to conditions that induce estivation, a behavioral state exhibited by these freshwater snails in nature.
(2) Conditioned medium promoted sprouting by intact neurons in vitro in a manner quantitatively and qualitatively similar to that observed in vivo during estivation.
(3) Standard bicarbonate ranged from a low of 8.6 mMol-L-1 (P plasma) at pH 7.5 in an awake fish to 49.6 mMol-L-1 (P) in an estivating fish.
(4) Blood respiratory properties have been studied in awake and estivating African lungfish, Protopterus amphibius.
(5) The P50 value in blood from awake fish was 33 mm Hg at pH 7.5 compared to 9 mm Hg for the estivating fish.
(6) The important involution of the pineal gland of Glis glis and Eliomys quercinus during the months of july and august belongs to a polyglandular involution (anterior lobe of the hypophysis, male and female genital glands) characteristic of estivation.
(7) The concentration of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin did not change in estivation; however, a significant elevation of norepinephrine in the diencephalon and dopamine in the telencephalon was observed in starvation.
(8) Surprisingly, sprouting activity occurred in some neurons (31%) in normal animals, this being transiently elevated (to 71%) after 4 days of estivation.
(9) The oxygen-binding characteristics and the multiplicity of the stripped hemoglobiin from active lungfish Protopterus amphibius, are the same as in specimens that have been estivating for about 30 months, showing that alteration in the hemoglobin molecules is not involved in the earlier reported increase in oxygen affinity of whole blood during estivation (Johansen et al., '76).
(10) Starvation and estivation were associated with significant declines in the protein content of the diencephalon and medulla.
(11) The taxi drivers' leader, Alain Estival, has responded that there'll be uproar if the number exceeds 400.
(12) Mr Estival is also concerned that creating 1,500 new cabbies will severely dent the market in taxi licences.
(13) First, blood from estivated animals was tested for trophic activity.
(14) Group 1 was fed normally, group 2 was starved while aquatic, and group 3 was allowed to enter into a state of estivation.
(15) Elasmobranch fishes, the coelacanth, estivating lungfish, amphibians, and mammals synthesize urea by the ornithine-urea cycle; by comparison, urea synthetic activity is generally insignificant in teleostean fishes.
(16) The Na+ concentration was the same for active and estivating frogs.
(17) Estivation (shallow torpor) in the round-tailed ground squirrel (Citellus tereticaudus) is entered through electrophysiologically defined states of sleep.
(18) Annual variations of the northern limit of Anopheles arabiensis, in the Sahelo-Saharan region including some oasis, are related to temporary breeding places produced by seasonal rainfall, after estivation during the dry season or after a long migration with the wind.
(19) These mechanisms, their interactions, and the regulatory signals (e.g., second messenger molecules, pH) that coordinate them form a common molecular basis for metabolic depression in anoxia-tolerant vertebrates (goldfish, turtles) and invertebrates (marine molluscs), hibernation in small mammals, and estivation in land snails and terrestrial toads.
(20) Hematocrit, O2 capacity and blood hemoglobin concentration increased by about 50% during estivation.
Vernal
Definition:
(a.) Of or pertaining to the spring; appearing in the spring; as, vernal bloom.
(a.) Fig.: Belonging to youth, the spring of life.
Example Sentences:
(1) In contrast, the activities were lower in the affected eyes of patients with herpetic keratitis and vernal conjunctivitis than in the fellow normal eyes.
(2) 55 of the 76 patients had corneal involvement in the form of vernal keratitis or vernal ulcer.
(3) Both patients with vernal conjunctivitis and control subjects reacted to histamine with a dose-dependent conjunctival redness 2 to 5 minutes after ocular challenge.
(4) In the present study, we have used this brush for conjunctival scraping in 18 patients with vernal and allergic conjunctivitis, and 10 patients serving as controls.
(5) They emphasize: 1. the special frequency with the young person (between 20 and 30 years for allergic conjunctivitis, generally before 7 years for vernal conjunctivitis); 2. the importance of atopic ground; 3. the weak incidence of business; 4. the difficulty of diagnosis, because the monosensibilisations are uncommon; 5. the favourable result of treatment.
(6) The authors determined tryptase levels in unstimulated tears collected from the following groups of patients: (1) normal control, (2) nonallergic ocular inflammation, (3) asymptomatic seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, (4) symptomatic seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, (5) vernal conjunctivitis, and (6) contact lens-associated giant papillary conjunctivitis.
(7) Topical cyclosporine may, therefore, be considered an effective substitute for corticosteroids, with an excellent anti-inflammatory activity in patients with both corticosteroid-dependent and corticosteroid-resistant vernal keratoconjunctivitis.
(8) Cromolyn sodium was found to be significantly more effective than placebo in treating the signs and symptoms of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC).
(9) When topically applied to the eye before allergen exposure, ocular sodium cromoglycate prevents many of the signs and symptoms associated with type I allergic reactions (which includes hayfever, acute allergic and chronic allergic conjunctivitis, and vernal keratoconjunctivitis) and giant papillary conjunctivitis.
(10) This 9-year-old boy had a three-year history of vernal keratoconjunctivitis.
(11) It is also of proven efficacy in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis and vernal keratoconjunctivitis.
(12) Female Suffolk sheep were pinealectomized around the vernal equinox to eliminate the major environmental input to the reproductive system (photoperiod) and then either isolated from, or maintained with, pineal-intact gonad-intact sheep.
(13) Seven out of 14 acrophases of cyclic indices occurred just before autumnal equinox and three before vernal equinox.
(14) The IgG was significantly lower in patients with vernal catarrh.
(15) At higher latitudes, where changes in daylength are pronounced, a steep increase in human conceptions coincides with the vernal equinox.
(16) With less than a week to go until the Sun crosses northwards over the equator at the vernal equinox, it is showing real signs of rebirth in another respect.
(17) Limbal and palpebral vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) are usually considered to be different expressions of the same disease.
(18) A case of limbal vernal keratoconjunctivitis associated with a hypertrophic mass lesion measuring 8 X 5 X 3 mm is reported.
(19) It is concluded that testosterone and prolactin are the most important hormones involved in the control of vernal premigratory fattening.
(20) Moreover, ICT results are influenced by conjunctival diseases: compared to age-matched controls, there were more abnormal cytologies among patients with trachomatous inflammation (p = 0.025), conjunctivitis (p = 0.024) or Limbal Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (p = 0.015).