(1) Strong objections to certain features of this system have not only been raised by national and international societies for the prevention of cruelty to animals but also by ethologists.
(2) He avoids any details of interest about his first marriage – to the ethologist Marian Stamp.
(3) It is concluded that psychiatrists and ethologists should cooperate in the future evaluation of therapeutic measures including new drugs developed on the basis of ethological tests.
(4) The character of the movements have features of action patterns in the sense that the term is used by ethologists.
(5) Evolutionary psychiatry which sets present human pathological behaviour in the context of our species past evolution and of our ancestor's adaptations to their natural environment, leads the psychopathologist to revise certain of classic concepts in this field and resort to some of the concepts used by the ethologists, such as territory, hierarchy, allo-grooming and altruistic behaviour.
(6) A briefer curriculum is also suggested from the psychiatric literature for use by ethologists.
(7) Ethologists attempt to elucidate four interrelated aspects of a given behavior: its survival function, evolution, development, and elicitation by internal and external factors.
(8) Ethologists have traditionally conducted primarily observational studies designed to ascertain the evolutionary significance of behaviors in wild animals.
(9) Ethologists working with many species, studying overall behaviour, observing and experimenting in natural milieu, have first realized that animals are learning some things, sometimes complex, more easily than simple ones.
(10) A significant task for ethologists is the scientific elaboration of the animals' interactions with their surrounding, in their keeping system.
(11) Oversimplified assumptions about basic parasite biology, ambiguous formulation of the hypothesis, and poor communication between ethologists and parasitologists have hampered its testing.
(12) Pavlov, are compared with the "competence drive" and the "motivation of the resistance to coercion," respectively, described by contemporary ethologists.
(13) Taught by the history of biology, ethologists try to adhere as rigidly as possible to the method used in natural science.
(14) It is pointed out that this issue is closely related to the group selection debate among ethologists, i.e.
(15) Zimmermann and Kagelmann's statement that ethologists do not want to see the dangers inherent in the theory of inborn dispositions is vigorously repudiated.
(16) This article presents the results of ten years of theoretical study and practical applications, undertaken on behalf of the French Association for Information and Studies on Companion Animals (AFIRAC) by experts from many disciplines: doctors, veterinarians, ethologists, teachers, landscape gardeners, town planners and architects, in collaboration with those responsible for open spaces, roadways, urban cleaning, etc.
(17) The author's perspective is that of a naturalist and ethologist.
Ethology
Definition:
(n.) A treatise on morality; ethics.
(n.) The science of the formation of character, national and collective as well as individual.
Example Sentences:
(1) Ethological methods were employed to gather normative data on social behavior in long stay male inpatients in the ward environment.
(2) For estimating and evaluating the ethological experimental results the concept of the meeting of requirements and avoidance of damage is an important point.
(3) In this article the methods of ethology, or the systematic detailed study of behavior, and its application to clinical nursing research are described.
(4) It is thus difficult to place a single time or place where ethology was born.
(5) Of these, the area where the most utilized is that of the occurred and in which the findings of ethology have been the most utilized is that of the attachment systems.
(6) The spread of fox rabies is greatly favored by the characteristics of the genus Vulpes--ubiquity, broad diet, prolific nature, and its particular ethology and ecology.
(7) Several simple models are developed to calculate expected mating frequencies in ethological isolation experiments.
(8) Our interpretation of these results is that, whereas the DSM-III subtyping primarily reflects illness severity, the ethological profile measures a dimension of depression largely independent from severity, as indicated by the lack of correlation between the HRSD score and the categories of nonverbal behavior.
(9) Taking in account actually directions of research and some original works, several directions of study are presented, connected with the following aspects: topological and functional evolution of taste receptors, developmental evolution and individual differentiation of the gustatory sensation, hereditary determinants of gustatory sensation and their possible relations with other aspects of personnality, ethological, cultural and environmental (both, in the large and restrictive meaning) aspects and their place in reinforcements of alimentary behavior.
(10) Ethological reproductive isolation and genetic divergence across 26 protein loci were measured among populations of the salamander Desmognathus ochrophaeus in the southern Appalachian Mountains.
(11) Ethological considerations suggest that these are appropriate stimulus characteristics for a system controlling approach and avoidance behaviour in an animal such as the rat where predators generally appear from above and prey is found on the ground.
(12) According to ethological procedures and concepts, the author tries to describe the shape and the functional value of stereotyped movements in disabled children.
(13) Although similar statements might be made about almost any field of science, it is in particular true of this field, which represents a kind of mongrel discipline derived from at least three major sources (psychology, embryology, and neuroscience) and several more minor ones (including developmental psychology and psychiatry, psychoanalysis, education, zoology, ethology, and sociology).
(14) There is, however, a growing branch of ethology that is concerned with the application of ethological principles to areas such as the management and welfare of economically important species like poultry.
(15) In addition, an ethologic perspective that synthesizes various etiologic theories, as they relate to homosexuality during adolescence, is briefly reviewed.
(16) It is concluded that ethology has a vital role in increasing our understanding of psychiatric disorders through identifying: characteristics of disorders; selected causes; degree and type of compromised mechanisms; and, intervention effectiveness.
(17) The description of movements as motor acts or patterns was first the task of Ethology.
(18) A curriculum stressing the writings of Tinbergen, Lorenz, Bowlby, and Hailman is presented for possible use in psychiatric training programs interested in teaching an ethological approach to psychiatry.
(19) Applied ethology in general and farm animal ethology in particular have a great importance in connection with animal welfare regulations on a national and international level.
(20) Both ethological methods are sensitive enough to estimate 'no-effect' doses.