(n.) A colorless, gaseous hydrocarbon, C2H4, forming an important ingredient of illuminating gas, and also obtained by the action of concentrated sulphuric acid in alcohol. It is an unsaturated compound and combines directly with chlorine and bromine to form oily liquids (Dutch liquid), -- hence called olefiant gas. Called also ethene, elayl, and formerly, bicarbureted hydrogen.
Example Sentences:
(1) 3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl ethylene glycol (DOPEG), a metabolite of noradrenaline (NA), was estimated in CSF of 30 patients of depression diagnosed by the criteria of American Psychiatric Association in DSM-III; and compared with levels in 10 non-depressed individuals who served as controls.
(2) Depletion of extracellular Ca2+ by EGTA [ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N'N'-tetraacetic acid] attenuated both [Ca2+]i increase and superoxide production induced by particles.
(3) Orotic acid inhibited, dose-dependently DNA synthesis in hepatocytes induced by epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor alpha, hepatocyte growth factor, acidic fibroblast growth factor, or plasma from rats exposed to various liver cell-proliferative stimuli, such as two-thirds partial hepatectomy, lead nitrate, cyproterone acetate, ethylene dibromide, or a diet deficient in choline.
(4) 1-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3- nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU) causes chloroethylation of DNA strand followed by cross linking through an ethylene bridge.
(5) Chlorinated ethylenes are metabolized in mammals, as a first step, to epoxides.
(6) Therefore, an experimental study was undertaken to assess the suitability of an expanded PTFE (Polytetrafluoro-ethylene) as a microvascular graft.
(7) Solid-phase adsorbents were compared in their trapping efficiencies for dichloromethane (DCM), ethylene dibromide (EDB), 4-nitroblphenyl (4-NB), 2-nitrofluorene (2-NF), and fluoranthene (FI).
(8) Therapeutic application of drugs containing propylene glycol 1.2 as a solvent may distort the results of forensic chemical detection of ethylene glycol from its oxidation products.
(9) It was found that the stress at a given strain was increased by treatment with ethylene oxide, buffered formalin, and tissue culture solution and decreased by treatment with antibiotics.
(10) Practical examples illustrate the possibility of ethylene glycol determination by gas chromatography in the presence of propylene glycol.
(11) Enzymes that pelleted more in myogen preparations than as individual purified enzymes in the presence of poly(ethylene glycol) and the absence of F-actin were tested for specific enzyme-enzyme associations, several of which were observed.
(12) Subacute (10-day) and subchronic (90-day) toxicity studies of ethylene glycol (EG) were conducted in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats to provide the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Office of Drinking Water with toxicity data for final preparation of a Health Advisory for the chemical.
(13) Two-phase systems consisting of water, dextran and poly(ethylene glycol) have been used for partition of membranes obtained from Torpedo marmorata electric organ.
(14) Rats have been exposed in a closed system to the chlorinated ethylenes vinyl chloride and trichloroethylene and to carbon tetrachloride as a reference compound.
(15) For two chemicals, dichlorobenzidine and ethylene thiourea, there is not enough epidemiological information to make a useful comparison with rodent bioassay data.
(16) We examined the effect of ethylene glycol (EG) concentration, in water, on O2 sensitivity, stirring effect, in vitro drift, in vitro response time, behaviour on the skin of newborn infants and in vivo response time.
(17) As a prerequisite for preparing bispecific antibody conjugates containing anti-tumor and anti-metal chelate binding sites that can be used for pretargeted immunoscintigraphy, monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) have been raised against an octahedral metal chelate synthetized from gallium (Ga) and the hexadentate ligand N,N'bis[2-hydroxy 5-(ethylene beta carboxy) benzyl] ethylenediamine N,N' diacetic acid (Ga-HBED-CC).
(18) In heavily mineralized bone matrix, the periodic pattern of collagen fibrils was retained, and the electron density of mineralized matrix in freeze-substituted and unstained sections which had been floated on ethylene glycol was greater than that encountered in sections processed in aqueous reagents.
(19) Paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridylium) and diquat (1,1'-ethylene-2,2'-bipyridylium) are the two most widely used bipyridylium herbicides today.
(20) Moreover, in patients dialysed using ethylene oxide sterilized equipment, anaphylactoidal reactions were observed.
Methylene
Definition:
(n.) A hydrocarbon radical, CH2, not known in the free state, but regarded as an essential residue and component of certain derivatives of methane; as, methylene bromide, CH2Br2; -- formerly called also methene.
Example Sentences:
(1) The effect of 4,4'-methylene bis(2-chloroaniline) (MOCA), 4,4'-methylene dianiline (MDA) and 4,4'-sulphonyldianiline (Dapsone) in vivo on xenobiotic biotransformation in male rat liver was studied.
(2) It was concluded that the detachment of the oxaloyl residue from oxaloacetate and its replacement by a proton proceed with inversion of configuration at the methylene group which becomes methyl during the hydrolysis.
(3) After methylene blue, the gradient in resting potential across the circular layer was greatly reduced or abolished.
(4) Furthermore, Methylene Blue contamination of the standard stain increased the rate of error in image analysis of white blood cell nuclei due to variations of staining intensity.
(5) The purpose was to show whether or not the methylene-blue test can be postponed to the second day.
(6) Baseline evaluation revealed that 17 (32%) patients had high turnover (HTOP), and 36 (68%) normal turnover osteoporosis (NTOP) as assessed by measurement of whole body retention (WBR) of 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate.
(7) Methylenation of the delta6 double bond with dimethyloxosulfonium methylide proceeds steroselectively from the beta side of the molecule.
(8) The amount of formazan obtained after incubating vital cells with Meldola Blue as electron carrier was greater than that obtained with Methylene Blue, menadione, 2,6-dichloroindophenol, 1-methoxyphenazine methosulphate or phenazine methosulphate.
(9) The NMR spectra of the two tRNA species in the region between 0 and 4 ppm below 4,4-dimethyl-4-silapentane-1-sulfonic acid (DSS) (methyl and methylene region) were the same except for the absence of the lowest field peak at 3.8 ppm in tRNAMet f3, thus unequivocally identifying this resonance at the methyl group of m7G47 of tRNAMet f1.
(10) The effects of methylene blue on vascular tone and responses to hypoxia and acetylcholine were reversible, and responses returned to control value after the infusion was terminated.
(11) NMOP-d5, with deuterium in the N-methyl and in the alpha-methylene, gave rise only to 7-MeG containing three deuterium atoms.
(12) The beta,gamma-methylene analogue of ATP was reactive in exchange reactions with [(14)C]AMP.
(13) Inactivation is due to alkylation by 2-methylene-3(2H)-furanone, a decomposition product of the enzymic product 3'-keto-2'-deoxyuridine triphosphate.
(14) The method comprised adsorption on Extrelut column from alkaline plasma, elution with diethyl ether-methylene chloride, evaporation in the presence of 0.01 M hydrochloric acid and injection of the acid solution onto a mu Bondapak C18 column, using acetonitrile-0.025 M potassium dihydrogenphosphate as mobile phase and ultraviolet detection at 210 nm.
(15) The linear, nonbranched segments of the omega-cyclohexyl chains in 13cyPC are closely packed with the all-trans methylene zig-zag planes oriented parallel to each other.
(16) Clonidine induced a contraction when endothelium was removed or muscle was treated with methylene blue.
(17) The effects of bradykinin, but not glyceryl trinitrate, were partially restored after removing methylene blue.
(18) The kinetic behavior observed at steady-state using different concentrations of the substrates ATP and fructose-6-phosphate and the pattern of inhibition by the substrate analogs adenylyl-(beta, gamma-methylene)-diphosphonate and D-arabinose-5-phosphate are consistent with a random sequential mechanism in rapid equilibrium, rather than with an ordered binding as was suggested earlier.
(19) Replacement of the cysteinylglycyl moiety with cysteine afforded 20, which retained significant antagonist activity, while lengthening or shortening the lipid tail by five methylene groups resulted in complete loss of activity.
(20) The pro-S 4'-methylene proton of pyridoxamine phosphate is removed during the reaction, and the product is primarily L-tryptophan.