(a.) Relating to evolution; as, evolutionary discussions.
Example Sentences:
(1) Gradual evolutionary change by natural selection operates so slowly within established species that it cannot account for the major features of evolution.
(2) The paper develops a model as a framework for monitoring the course of the program through the policy cycle and recommends that the policy process be considered as dynamic, interactive, and evolutionary.
(3) Therefore, the evolutionary origins, and perhaps the functions, of the Ia gamma chains are distinct from those of the other two Ia subunits alpha and beta.
(4) The sequence data were used to infer phylogeny by using a maximum-parsimony method, an evolutionary-distance method, and the evolutionary-parsimony method.
(5) Since the four determining coefficients may change over evolutionary time-scales, the mathematical results together with a natural selection argument proves that virulence gamma 2 attenuates.
(6) For evolutionary biologists population variability per se has proven of interest.
(7) The results found with individual chromosomes in the different species also appear relevant, in the light of the evolutionary relationships between these nonhuman primates and man.
(8) Genetic distances were calculated to determine evolutionary relationships.
(9) Detailed information on the structure and regulation of MHC gene expression will be required to understand fully the biologic role of the MHC and the evolutionary relationships between species.
(10) In conclusion, DNA has been transferred sequentially from the chloroplast to the mitochondrion during crucifer evolution and there cpDNA sequences can persist in the mitochondrial genome over long periods of evolutionary time.
(11) In 1868, Thomas Huxley suggested that Archaeopteryx was an evolutionary link between dinosaurs and birds.
(12) Statistical analysis of 251 phylogenetically informative nucleotide positions rejects the "volvocine lineage" hypothesis, which postulates a monophyletic evolutionary progression from unicellular organisms (such as Chlamydomonas), through colonial organisms (e.g., Gonium, Pandorina, Eudorina, and Pleodorina) demonstrating increasing size, cell number, and tendency toward cellular differentiation, to multicellular organisms having fully differentiated somatic and reproductive cells (in the genus Volvox).
(13) This approach is correct for the period of the new evolutionary synthesis, too.
(14) Our findings demonstrate that the amino acid sequence of neuromedin U is markedly conserved in species which have diverged millions of years ago in evolutionary terms.
(15) Conventional dietary categories, particularly frugivory, are inadequate for organizing the behavioral and anatomical evidence pertinent to evolutionary adaptation.
(16) Maximum power output for the fast muscle fibres from the Antarctic species at -1 degree C is around 60% of that of the tropical fish at 20 degrees C. Evolutionary temperature compensation of muscle power output appears largely to involve differences in the ability of cross bridges to generate force.
(17) We propose that human influenza A is unique in that it is the only virus group in which antibody selection dominates evolutionary change.
(18) If other techniques of phylogenetic analysis confirm this evolutionary tree, we propose that the photocytes be given urkingdom status.
(19) Kimura's estimate of evolutionary distance, K, is 0.353, while those of Miyata and Yasunaga are KS = 0.708 and KA = 0.171.
(20) In order to understand the evolutionary history of the B sheep locus, we have sequenced the beta B gene from these sheep, and the beta C gene from A-haplotype sheep, and compared the sequences to those of the sheep beta A, goat beta C, and beta A, and cow adult beta genes.
Phylogenetic
Definition:
(a.) Relating to phylogenesis, or the race history of a type of organism.
Example Sentences:
(1) Conclusions on phylogenetic trends of sexual dimorphism of skeletal robusticity and the effect of culture on it seem to be premature.
(2) The PCR amplified a 375-bp DNA fragment which was cloned and sequenced; the deduced amino acid sequence had significant identity with known TS sequences, including strict conservation of all phylogenetically invariant TS amino acid residues.
(3) A statistical method is developed for estimating the standard errors of branch lengths in a phylogenetic tree reconstructed without assuming equal rates of nucleotide substitution among different lineages.
(4) Statistical analysis of 251 phylogenetically informative nucleotide positions rejects the "volvocine lineage" hypothesis, which postulates a monophyletic evolutionary progression from unicellular organisms (such as Chlamydomonas), through colonial organisms (e.g., Gonium, Pandorina, Eudorina, and Pleodorina) demonstrating increasing size, cell number, and tendency toward cellular differentiation, to multicellular organisms having fully differentiated somatic and reproductive cells (in the genus Volvox).
(5) The results revealed that: (1) There were few genetic variants on allelic constitutions of Chinese KM mouse colonies, and the genetic distance among KM subcolonies is 0.008-0.027 positively related with the time the colony closed; (2) The unique position of S: KM mouse was shown in phylogenetic diagram of 4 KM subcolonies, which agrees with the result from mandible analysis; (3) The allelic constitutions of KM mice differs from NIH mice a Swiss derivative colony at Es-3, Es-10, Glo-1, Gpt-1, Got-2 and Mpi-1 loci and the average genetic distance between KM and NIH colonies is 0.131 + 0.011, which indicates that Chinese KM mice is one of non-Swiss derivative subspecies.
(6) The unique structure of these cilia has systematic and phylogenetic significance for the Acoela, and it is argued that ultrastructural characters in general, including characters of organelles, can be validly applied to the phylogeny and systematics of the Metazoa.
(7) Both phylogenetic and phenetic distance analyses suggest that Alu sequences within the alpha and beta globin gene clusters arose close to the time of simian and prosimian primate divergence (about 50-60 MYA).
(8) Arapahovius seems to have had no phylogenetic successors.
(9) A phylogenetic taxonomy for Platyrrhini is proposed.
(10) Phylogenetic and ontogenetic justifications for this organization are adduced.
(11) Phylogenetic analysis of the aligned sequences by both phenetic and cladistic methods with H. perryi as an outgroup generated one best topology which pairs S. alpinus with S. malma as the most recently derived species, and pairs S. confluentus with S. leucomaenis.
(12) By comparing the DNA sequences of the human and fish visual pigment genes and knowing their phylogenetic relationship, one can infer the direction of amino acid substitutions in the red and green visual pigments.
(13) If other techniques of phylogenetic analysis confirm this evolutionary tree, we propose that the photocytes be given urkingdom status.
(14) During phylogenetic evolution such changes only occur very slowly.
(15) Specificity studies suggest that the stingray insulin receptor may represent a phylogenetic position prior to the evolutionary divergence of insulin and the insulin-like growth factors.
(16) A phylogenetic tree constructed from the sequences of these bacteria and published sequences indicated that the coryneform bacteria consist of a distinct eubacterial branch together with Streptomyces and Micrococcus spp.
(17) The phylogenetical relationships of these aggregates with mammalian bone marrow are discussed.
(18) A phylogenetic tree based on allelic variation detected electrophoretically at 20 enzyme-encoding loci revealed two major clusters and several deep branches composed of strains that synthesize msDNA.
(19) Sequence divergence in the 16S rRNA obtained from alignment with published insect sequences is consistent with phylogenetic hypotheses, in that Diptera and Lepidoptera are more closely related to each other (24% sequence divergence) than either is to Hymenoptera (31%).
(20) A differential, temporal and spatial expression of this epitope in metamorphosing nervous tissue was outlined, that apparently characterises homologous neuronal populations in two phylogenetically distinct holometabolous insects, i.e.