(1) The origins of aging of higher forms of life, particularly humans, is presented as the consequence of an evolved balance between 4 specific kinds of dysfunction-producing events and 4 kinds of evolved counteracting effects in long-lived forms.
(2) There is no doubt that new techniques in molecular biology will continue to evolve so that the goal of gene therapy for many disorders may be possible in the future.
(3) An analysis of recent health-policy initiatives and evolving market factors helps to explain some of these observations.
(4) One or more of the followin factors were present in the "high-risk" group: ventricular dysfunction--ejection fraction less than 0.4, preinfarction angina, evolving infarction, recent infarction (less than 2 weeks), and refractory ventricular tachyarrhythmia.
(5) The final tests that evolved from this study are simple to perform, require only 6 mul of the sample per test, and are capable of detecting microgram and, in some cases, nanogram quantities of the product.
(6) The designs of mechanical prostheses have evolved since the early caged-ball prostheses.
(7) An analysis of 54 protein sequences from humans and rodents (mice or rats), with the chicken as an outgroup, indicates that, from the common ancestor of primates and rodents, 35 of the proteins have evolved faster in the lineage to mouse or rat (rodent lineage) whereas only 12 proteins have evolved faster in the lineage to humans (human lineage).
(8) As AIDS developed, the majority of viruses evolved an extended sequence in V1 that was rich in serine and threonine residues and shared similarity with proteins modified by O-linked glycosylation.
(9) The second evolved gradually; many people contributed to its success, including Foulkes, Main and Bridger.
(10) A 24-year-old man from rural Mississippi had a case of California encephalitis (CE) that evolved as a subacute encephalomyelitis.
(11) The immune system has evolved to protect an organism from the pathogens that invade it but the effector mechanisms involved in mediating this protection are potentially lethal to the host itself.
(12) The effect of deferring immediate coronary artery bypass was evaluated in two groups of similar patients having successful direct coronary artery thrombolysis with streptokinase in the treatment of evolving myocardial infarction.
(13) Generally its evolution is slow, but some times they evolve as acute inflammatory processes.
(14) Comparison with similar studies involving B. glabrata seems to indicate that a process of adaptation between S. mansoni and B. tenagophila is evolving, the 2 organisms having reached a high degree of compatibility in a few areas.
(15) We conclude that a single, toxin-activated sodium channel population with low affinity for TTX exists at early stages, whereas a second, high-affinity population evolves with time in primary rat muscle cultures.
(16) This study includes nine patients with a megakaryoblastic crisis in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), four with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AM) and three with myeloid dysplasia later evolving into overt acute leukemia.
(17) Screening studies by sonography, eventually completed by CT, are essential to discover patients with ACKD, to follow them up and propose bilateral nephrectomy if ACKD evolves towards malignancy.
(18) To address the evolving trends in the choice of transabdominal or transcervical chorionic villus sampling (CVS) at a teaching hospital and to evaluate the influence of gestational age on the approach chosen.
(19) Canadian cancer care has evolved under systems of provincial and federal fiscal control and aims to optimize the management of patients within each province.
(20) Yet, in spite of this restriction, the 2-mu plasmid of yeast has evolved an elegant mechanism which can allow it to rapidly amplify its copy number without initiating multiple rounds of replication.
Tetrapod
Definition:
(n.) An insect characterized by having but four perfect legs, as certain of the butterflies.
Example Sentences:
(1) In tetrapods, there are at least three possibilities.
(2) The saccular orientations are significantly different from those in tetrapods.
(3) We speculate, therefore, that the putative gene duplication that led to pancreatic polypeptide in the higher vertebrates took place after the time of divergence of fish and tetrapods.
(4) One of the divergent domains (DD8) consists of two regions of length variation separated by a short segment that is conserved at least throughout tetrapods.
(5) The phylogenetic and ontogenetic changes in the octavolateralis system of sarcopterygian fish and tetrapods, presumed to be important for the formation of an amphibian auditory system, are reviewed.
(6) The diversity of tetrapods increased from the Devonian to the Permian, remained roughly constant during the Mesozoic, and then began to increase in the late Cretaceous, and continued to do so during the Tertiary.
(7) Renin and JGC have been found in the kidneys of tetrapods and teleostean fishes.
(8) A tetrapod-like hypothalamo-hypophysial portal system and a persistent bucco-hypophysial canal are present in Megalops cyprinoides.
(9) Also, the evolution of hypercalcemic regulation in tetrapods will be discussed in the light of recent developments.
(10) These data, correlated with previous ones obtained on tetrapods, affirm the principle that there is a phylogenetic decline in the quantitative innervation of the vertebrate appendage.
(11) It appears that in non-mammalian tetrapods, namely birds and amphibians, the proteolytic processing of the pro-vasotocin involves only one cleavage, releasing the hormone moiety and a "big" neurophysin with two domains homologous to mammalian MSEL-neurophysin and copeptin, respectively.
(12) However, the fossil record of tetrapods has the advantages that it is easier to establish a phylogenetic taxonomy than for many invertebrate groups, and there is the potential for more detailed ecological analyses.
(13) The glycoconjugates of the extrapulmonary airways of 11 tetrapode vertebrates have been characterized by means of both conventional and lectin histochemistry.
(14) In some respects, Torpedo appeared closer to tetrapods than trout.
(15) The tetrapod and teleost PRLs share 34 common residues and these conserved residues are clustered in six domains (PD1 to PD6), suggesting that these common residues, or at least part of them, are responsible for the activities common to all PRLs.
(16) Comparable right and left wing bones of three species of bats failed to demonstrate one-sided dominance, although such dominance is widespread in tetrapods.
(17) Among living fish, the coelacanth Latimeria chalumnae (Actinistia), which is the only recent representative of the Crossopterygii (Actinistia and Rhipidistia), the lungfish (Dipnoi) and ray-finned fish (Actinopterygii), have each been considered as sister-groups of the tetrapods.
(18) The appearance of the membrane-bounded granules depends on the fixative used; after fixation with glutaraldehyde the granules are of a size and electron-density comparable to that found in tetrapod Merkel cells, but after fixing in osmium tetroxide the granules are inconspicuous.
(19) Meyer and Wilson's (1990) 12S rRNA phylogeny unites lungfish and tetrapods to the exclusion of the coelacanth.
(20) MCH stimulates melanosome aggregation within teleost melanocytes but also exhibits MSH-like (melanosome dispersing) activity on tetrapod (frog and lizard) melanocytes.