(v. t.) To breathe out. Hence: To emit, as vapor; to send out, as an odor; to evaporate; as, the earth exhales vapor; marshes exhale noxious effluvia.
(v. t.) To draw out; to cause to be emitted in vapor; as, the sum exhales the moisture of the earth.
(v. i.) To rise or be given off, as vapor; to pass off, or vanish.
Example Sentences:
(1) We investigated the possible contribution made by oropharyngeal microfloral fermentation of ingested carbohydrate to the generation of the early, transient exhaled breath hydrogen rise seen after carbohydrate ingestion.
(2) The volume of exhaled gas, during three- to five-minute collection periods, was measured and the fraction of exhaled CO2 was determined by a CO2 meter.
(3) Such an 'inert tube' model may be adequate to describe the inhalation and exhalation kinetics of inert vapours, for example non-polar solvents which have a low water solubility.
(4) Response requirements are manual rather than verbal so that, in addition to monitoring heart rate, subjects' exhaled air may be collected throughout the task in order to determine oxygen consumption.
(5) Offspring of marmosets reached adult values of 14CO2 exhalation at 8 days postnatally when using [14CO2]-methacetin as substrate and at 30 days postnatally using [14C2H5]-phenacetin in the breath test.
(6) After a breath-hold of 30-90 s they exhaled and then breathed spontaneously the same anaesthetic mixture for up to 2 min.
(7) We propose a metabolic scheme in which the major pathway for metabolism of 1-CP is to CO2 (which is exhaled) and to cysteine conjugates and mercapturic acids that are excreted in the urine.
(8) Photograph: Manuel Vazquez for the Guardian One of the most insistent voices arguing against e-cigarettes has been the World Health Organisation, which has called for a ban on vaping indoors, citing evidence that “suggests exhaled e-cigarette aerosol increases the background air level of some toxicants, nicotine and particles”.
(9) Diphasicity of the exhalation curve was not present in these patients.
(10) Insignificant 14C was detected by carcass analysis following cessation of exhaled 14CO2.
(11) "Traumatised critics exhale: I'm unable to do the Oscars again," he wrote .
(12) A Fisher and Paykel anesthetic humidifier was employed in the exhalation side of Jackson Rees type breathing circuit between the anesthesia machine and patient's endotracheal tube.
(13) Pulmonary distribution of [99Tcm) albumin radioaerosol, maximal expiratory flow when 25% of forced vital capacity remain to be exhaled (MEF25), and bronchial responsiveness to inhaled histamine were measured.
(14) Acidic rinsing resulted in an immediate 90% reduction in exhaled ammonia in all subjects, and a return to 50% of baseline levels occurred within 1 h. Depletion that resulted from tooth brushing or distilled water alone was not significant.
(15) These samples were collected from atmospheres of either analyte generated at 35 degrees-40 degrees C and 80%-90% relative humidity to simulate an exhaled breath sample matrix.
(16) The 8 patients who developed diarrhea (33%) had significantly elevated hydrogen exhalation in relationship to the patients with no diarrhea.
(17) Rectal temperature, PaO2, PaCO2, respiratory rate, exhaled minute ventilation (VE), tidal volume (VT), and blood pressure and pulse were measured.
(18) Approximately 12% of the administered radioactivity is exhaled as 11CO2 during the first 30 min.
(19) The results during wakefulness indicate that the TA contributes to an active adduction of the vocal cords in expiration and suggest the presence of an active laryngeal braking mechanism during exhalation.
(20) The correlation between exposure to THF and its concentration in exhaled breath and blood was low (r = 0.61 and 0.68 respectively).
Toxin
Definition:
(n.) Alt. of Toxine
Example Sentences:
(1) Nutritional factors or environmental toxins have important effects on CNS degenerative changes.
(2) Arteries treated with atrial natriuretic peptide showed no alterations in relaxation or cGMP content after incubation with pertussis toxin.
(3) The mechanism by which pertussis toxin (PT) breaks the unresponsiveness of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was examined in B10 mice.
(4) Cloned genes encoding pertussis toxin from B. pertussis were transferred into Bordetella bronchiseptica and Bordetella parapertussis by conjugation.
(5) Strains 1120-A-83-013 and B205BT produced considerably higher levels of dermonecrotic toxin activity than did strains CSU-P-1 and 64-C-0406.
(6) The phosphorylation pattern was affected by the addition of cholera toxin or GDP beta S to the isolated nuclei.
(7) Histopathological studies confirmed that mice fed 933cu-rev died from bilateral renal cortical tubular necrosis consistent with toxic insult, perhaps due to Shiga-like toxins.
(8) Cholera toxin-catalysed ADP-ribosylation identified two forms of Gs alpha-subunits whose labelling was about 4-fold greater in membranes from diabetic animals compared with those from lean animals.
(9) The slope of the thermal inactivation curve of enterotoxin A in beef bouillon (initial pH 6.2) was found to be approximately 27.8 C (50 F) with three different concentrations of toxin.
(10) The antibodies were used for identifying cross-reacting proteins in individual C. s. scutulatus and other Crotalus venoms and to isolate Mojave toxin.
(11) Antisera were raised against intact crotoxin (Crotalus durissus terrificus), Mojave toxin (Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus) and concolor toxin (Crotalus viridis concolor), as well as the subunits of crotoxin.
(12) Interestingly, different mechanisms of nucleated and non-nucleated TC directed lysis by CD4+ effectors were implied by distinct patterns of sensitivity to cholera toxin (CT) and cyclosporin A (CsA).
(13) The second step occurs several hours later and consists of the transactivation of adenylate cyclase and pertussis toxin genes.
(14) The toxins preferentially attenuate a slow phase of KCl-evoked glutamate release which may be associated with synaptic vesicle mobilization.
(15) Bordetella pertussis and Bacillus anthracis, two taxonomically distinct bacteria, secrete adenylate cyclase toxins that are activated by the eukaryotic protein calmodulin.
(16) Approximately a third of patients had stools that were positive for C difficile by either toxin or culture.
(17) The binding of radioidinated cholera toxin on its solidified antibody was inhibitable by unlabeled cholera toxin and cholera toxin antibody.
(18) To facilitate detoxification, the centrifuge is employed to provide plasma rich in toxins, but void of potentially interfering blood components such as platelets and whole blood cells.
(19) The toxins all create pores in the cell membrane of target cells leading to eventual cell lysis and they appear to require Ca2+ for cytotoxic activity.
(20) A state of net secretory fluid flux was induced in isolated jejunal loops in weanling pigs by adding theophylline or cholera toxin to the lumen of the isolated loops.