(n.) Any protuberance of a bone which is not natural; an excrescence or morbid enlargement of a bone.
(n.) A knot formed upon or in the wood of trees by disease.
Example Sentences:
(1) The operation revealed a necrotic focus of the patellar tendon in 21 cases, the retinaculum was thick and adherent in 16 patients and an exostosis of the patellar insertion was seen in two cases.
(2) An unusual case of severe palatal fibromas and concomitant vestibular exostosis in a 36-year-old woman is presented.
(3) Malignant degeneration to chondrosarcoma occurred in the left hemipelvis of a patient with multiple hereditary exostosis.
(4) A 58-year-old woman with hereditary multiple exostoses had slowly progressive myelopathy due to a vertebral exostosis that compressed the spinal cord at T1-2.
(5) Comparative studies are being conducted on hereditary multiple exostosis in man and the horse.
(6) Thoracotomy was done to remove the tumor and the histological diagnosis was exostosis.
(7) This case of pneumothorax caused by an exostosis lacerating the lung is rare.
(8) The various entities of coronoid process osteochondroma, osteoma, exostosis, hypertrophy and developmental anomaly, all producing a similar picture of coronoid process enlargement are discussed.
(9) The incidence of subungual exostosis accounted for 4.6% of all bone tumor.
(10) Multiple exostosis and Dyschondroplasia (Ollier's disease) are two Osteochondrodysplasia with abnormal cartilagenous growth which hinder growth of the long bones especially.
(11) The operative specimens demonstrated fusion of the rudimentary first rib to the second rib, with compression of the subclavian artery by a large first-rib exostosis.
(12) The clinical experience of a patient with a large exostosis who had a chief complaint of difficulty in opening the mouth is reported.
(13) A case arising from a solitary osteocartilagenous exostosis is presented and the literature is reviewed and discussed.
(14) Surgical resection of any underlying exostosis may be required for hard or soft corns or "pump bumps," which are caused by pressure from the shoe's heel.
(15) Thirty of 50 patients with hereditary multiple exostosis developed significant deformities of the arm in one extremity.
(16) A follow-up of up to 9 years would indicate that post-stenotic dilatation of mild or moderate degree is adequately treated by resection of the cervical rib and exostosis on first rib.
(17) A hitherto undescribed group of lesions consisting of cystic bony lesions, exostosis, fibromatous lesion, unilateral tonsillar hypertrophy, epidermoid cyst (cholesteatoma) and hyperplasia of the mandible confined to the left side of the face is reported.
(18) A young man had hereditary sensory radicular neuropathy with relapsing ulcer of the foot and, in addition to previously known clinical features, osteoarthropathy with hallux valgus, metatarsus primus varus, exostosis, and pes planus.
(19) We have studied three children with cutaneous (epidermal nevi), subcutaneous (lipomas, plantar skin thickening), vascular (hemangioma, lymphangioma), skeletal (osteoma, exostosis, localized hypertrophy), and neurological (hydrocephaly, lissencephaly, partial agenesis of the corpus callosum) developmental defects associated with the Proteus syndrome and related hamartoneoplastic conditions.
(20) Two cases of post-traumatic transection of the popliteal artery in patients with exostosis of the lower extremities are reported.
Surface
Definition:
(n.) The exterior part of anything that has length and breadth; one of the limits that bound a solid, esp. the upper face; superficies; the outside; as, the surface of the earth; the surface of a diamond; the surface of the body.
(n.) Hence, outward or external appearance.
(n.) A magnitude that has length and breadth without thickness; superficies; as, a plane surface; a spherical surface.
(n.) That part of the side which is terminated by the flank prolonged, and the angle of the nearest bastion.
(v. t.) To give a surface to; especially, to cause to have a smooth or plain surface; to make smooth or plain.
(v. t.) To work over the surface or soil of, as ground, in hunting for gold.
Example Sentences:
(1) The resulting dose distribution is displayed using traditional 2-dimensional displays or as an isodose surface composited with underlying anatomy and the target volume.
(2) Phospholipid methylation in human EGMs is distinctly different from that in rat EGMs (Hirata and Axelrod 1980) in that the human activity is not Mg++-dependent, and apparent methyltransferase I activity is located in the external membrane surface.
(3) To quantify the size of the lesion in mice, the area of the infarct on the brain surface was assessed planimetrically 48 h after MCA occlusion by transcardial perfusion of carbon black.
(4) Using monoclonal antibodies directed against the plasma membrane of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, we demonstrated previously that a glycoprotein with an Mr = 23,000 (gp23) had a non-polarized cell surface distribution and was observed on both the apical and basolateral membranes (Ojakian, G. K., Romain, R. E., and Herz, R. E. (1987) Am.
(5) In the surface epithelial cells, the basolateral cell surface showed moderate enzymatic activity.
(6) Such an increase in antibody binding occurred simultaneously with an increase in the fluidity of surface lipid regions, as monitored by fluorescence depolarization of 1-(trimethylammoniophenyl)-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene.
(7) The role of Ca2+ in cell agglutination may be either to activate the cell-surface dextran receptor or to form specific intercellular Ca2+ bridges.
(8) The subcellular distribution of sialyltransferase and its product of action, sialic acid, was investigated in the undifferentiated cells of the rat intestinal crypts and compared with the pattern observed in the differentiated cells present in the surface epithelium.
(9) Even with hepatic lipase, phospholipid hydrolysis could not deplete VLDL and IDL of sufficient phospholipid molecules to account for the loss of surface phospholipid that accompanies triacylglycerol hydrolysis and decreasing core volume as LDL is formed (or for conversion of HDL2 to HDL3).
(10) A total of 555 caries lesions were registered on proximal surfaces, 49.1% being primary lesions in the enamel, 21.4% primary lesions into the dentin and 29.5% secondary lesions.
(11) Contact angles of Silafocon A and PMMA were relatively uninfluenced by front surface radii between 7.7 and 8.85 and 7.3 to 8.8 mm, respectively.
(12) These cells contained organelles characteristic of the maturation stage ameloblast and often extended to the enamel surface, suggesting a possible origin from the ameloblast layer.
(13) Together these observations suggest that cytotactin is an endogenous cell surface modulatory protein and provide a possible mechanism whereby cytotactin may contribute to pattern formation during development, regeneration, tumorigenesis, and wound healing.
(14) Our Ph1-positive ALL revealed B-cell lineage leukemia, since their surface phenotype were Ia+ and CD10+ and they have rearranged immunoglobulin JH genes.
(15) The complete nucleotide sequence of the gene for a cell surface protein antigen (SpaA) of Streptococcus sobrinus MT3791 (serotype g) was determined.
(16) To investigate the mechanism of enhanced responsiveness of cholesterol-enriched human platelets, we compared stimulation by surface-membrane-receptor (thrombin) and post-receptor (AlF4-) G-protein-directed pathways.
(17) Lysis of EAC4b,3b cellular intermediates formed to contain a low surface amount of C3b was more inhibited than was lysis of cells formed with a standard amount of C3b on the surface.
(18) After either 5 or 10 days of culture with both cytokines, intense immunofluorescent staining for Ia could be identified on the surface of greater than 80-90% of the viable islet cells.
(19) Within the capillary-perfused mucosa and muscularis (between 50 and 2000 microns from the urothelial surface), concentrations decreased by 50% for each 500-microns distance.
(20) Displacement of the surface of the cornea of bovine eyes after disruption of intact structures was investigated by means of holographic interferometry.