(n.) A muscle which serves to extend or straighten any part of the body, as an arm or a finger; -- opposed to flexor.
Example Sentences:
(1) When subjects centered themselves actively, or additionally, contracted trunk flexor or extensor muscles to predetermined levels of activity, no increase in trunk positioning accuracy was found.
(2) The repriming of K-contractures was more affected by changes in [Ca]0 in normal soleus than in normal extensor digitorum longus and this difference was unaffected by dystrophy.
(3) Neuromuscular transmission and muscle sensitivity to acetylcholine (ACh) were studied in vitro in soleus and extensor digitorium longus (EDL) from 6 hr to 4 months after the injection of toxin.3.
(4) From the results presented it appears that morphine produces a reciprocal change in the activity evoked in extensor and flexor reflex pathways.
(5) There were no significant effects of training on the time-related contractile properties (time to peak torque, half-relaxation time), CSA, or %MUA of the elbow flexors or knee extensors.
(6) The cortical thresholds for contraction of m. extensor digitorum communis and for acceleration of the discharges of its muscle spindles have therefore been compared.2.
(7) The aim was to find out to what extent information from homonymous muscles of the forelimbs converge on the same CBM neurons and whether the probability of such a convergence depends on location (axial, proximal, distal) or function (flexor, extensor) of the tested muscles.
(8) The movement resulting from activity of the long extensor is complex and there are three or more qualitatively different patterns of extension.
(9) Electromyographic reaction times of the left and the right finger extensor muscles in extension movement of the wrist were examined in 42 patients with Parkinson's disease, and 20 normal subjects.
(10) In both preparation types, phrenic discharges are highly correlated to the extensor activities.
(11) Previously unidentified forms of suxamethonium-induced contractures have been investigated in chronically denervated rat extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle at 20 degrees C. Contractures were assigned to groups 1-6 on the basis of the peak tension (Tp1) during 0-10 min exposure to the drug (3.0 x 10(-5) M), (7.0 x 10(-6) M), and (3.5 x 10(-6) M) and the subsequent retention, increase, or decrease in tension (Tp2), during the further 10 min.
(12) These changes in flexor and extensor burst duration were reflected in changes in the step cycle duration.
(13) The sciatic nerve was cut as close to, or as far from the extensor digitorum longus muscles as possible.
(14) When maximal isometric trunk flexor or extensor torques were imposed upon a maximal Valsalva manoeuvre, transversus abdominis activity and intra-abdominal pressure remained comparable within and across conditions, whereas obliquus internus, obliquus externus and rectus abdominis activities either markedly increased (flexion) or decreased (extension).
(15) Both the extensor indicis and the abductor pollicis longus are functional synergists and are under voluntary control of the brain.
(16) EMG of several flexor and extensor muscles was recorded together with the kinematics of the movement (EL.I.TE.
(17) A rare case of aseptic tenosynovitis from oxytocin injection in the vicinity of a tendon causing spontaneous rupture of the extensor digitorum communis tendon is reported.
(18) A maximum number of lesions had developed after 24 hr, and lesions were also present in extensor digitorum longus (EDL) at this time.
(19) Cutaneous macroglobulinosis is characterized by multiple flesh-colored papules on extensor skin surfaces.
(20) The cellular mechanisms responsible for the differences in the firing behavior of flexor and extensor motoneurons are currently being investigated using techniques that are only possible using the in vitro preparation.
Quadriceps
Definition:
(n.) The great extensor muscle of the knee, divided above into four parts which unite in a single tendon at the knee.
Example Sentences:
(1) The fasted rats also exhibited a threefold increase in glucose 1,6-diphosphate (G-1,6-P2) in the white quadriceps after 30 min of exercise, whereas no significant changes were observed in the red quadriceps or in liver.
(2) The morphometric data was not related to the age of the patient, disease duration, type of MND or muscle strength, thus suggesting that the progression and severity of MND and its prognosis cannot be judged on the basis of quadriceps muscle pathology alone.
(3) Protein and DNA content of quadriceps muscles from young adult rats were decreased by the low protein and protein-free diet.
(4) After 60 min recovery, exercise was performed for 8-10 min each at 20, 30, 40 and 50 W. Measurements of pulmonary oxygen uptake, heart rate, blood pressure, leg blood flow, and femoral arterial-venous differences of oxygen content and lactate were performed as well as determination of ATP, creatine phosphate (CP) inosine monophosphate (IMP) and lactate concentrations on biopsy material from the quadriceps muscle before and immediately after the intense exercise, and at 3, 10 and 60 min into recovery.
(5) Osteo-inductive activity of each protein fraction was determined by implantation in the quadriceps muscle pouch of mice.
(6) An interesting remark which should be done is the fact that the flexion of the neck inhibits the quadriceps myokymia whereas the extension makes them to appear and even worsen.
(7) Then, we evaluated G6PDH activity and RNA content in biopsied quadriceps muscle.
(8) Sixty-two healthy male and female volunteers were randomly assigned to four groups: (a) subjects who statically stretched the quadriceps muscle group before a step, (b) subjects who only performed a stepping warm-up, (c) subjects who both stretched and performed a stepping warm-up prior to a step test, and (d) subjects who only performed a step test.
(9) Quadriceps strength, relaxation rate, fibre-type composition and energy-turnover rate during a submaximal contraction have been measured in hypo- and hyper-thyroid patients and compared with findings in normal subjects.
(10) We report on the use of this flap to resurface the anterolateral aspect of the lower thigh and restore stability and extension to the knee joint following extensive damage to the quadriceps mechanism.
(11) The "tooth" sign represents the relief of severe osteophyte formation in the bundle of the quadriceps tendon at its insertion into the patella.
(12) In female patients, there was on the contrary, a highly significant difference in favor of electrical stimulation (P less than .001) When the different parts of the quadriceps were studied, a significantly lower degree of atrophy of the vastus medialis was found after electrical stimulation.
(13) A corrugated appearance of the patellar tendon on sagittal images indicates a reduction in the normal tensile force applied to it and indicates the need for careful evaluation of the patella and quadriceps tendon mechanism.
(14) The quadriceps had a reduced cross-sectional area, but the knee flexors were not reduced.
(15) As compared to the mean values of normal gravity controls, centrifuged dogs showed no differences in femur length; cross-sectional area, outer and inner radii at mid-shaft of the femur; dry weights of the biceps femoris, quadriceps femoris, and gastrocnemius muscles.
(16) Biopsy findings of the m. quadriceps femoris and the n. gastrocnemius revealed clustered atrophy of myofibrils and segmental demyelinization mingled with remyelinization.
(17) Muscle tissue was obtained by needle biopsy from m. quadriceps femoris after eight hours overnight fast.
(18) The EMG from the quadriceps and hamstring muscle groups was recorded and analyzed in three separate experimental procedures in which the knee was stressed.
(19) At the insertion of the quadriceps tendon and the 'origin' of the patellar ligament, there was more calcified tissue beneath the superficial than the deep parts of the attachment.
(20) The ubiquinone level in the musculus quadriceps femoris of the animals was determined.