What's the difference between fat and shortening?

Fat


Definition:

  • (n.) A large tub, cistern, or vessel; a vat.
  • (n.) A measure of quantity, differing for different commodities.
  • (superl.) Abounding with fat
  • (superl.) Fleshy; characterized by fatness; plump; corpulent; not lean; as, a fat man; a fat ox.
  • (superl.) Oily; greasy; unctuous; rich; -- said of food.
  • (superl.) Exhibiting the qualities of a fat animal; coarse; heavy; gross; dull; stupid.
  • (superl.) Fertile; productive; as, a fat soil; a fat pasture.
  • (superl.) Rich; producing a large income; desirable; as, a fat benefice; a fat office; a fat job.
  • (superl.) Abounding in riches; affluent; fortunate.
  • (superl.) Of a character which enables the compositor to make large wages; -- said of matter containing blank, cuts, or many leads, etc.; as, a fat take; a fat page.
  • (n.) An oily liquid or greasy substance making up the main bulk of the adipose tissue of animals, and widely distributed in the seeds of plants. See Adipose tissue, under Adipose.
  • (n.) The best or richest productions; the best part; as, to live on the fat of the land.
  • (n.) Work. containing much blank, or its equivalent, and, therefore, profitable to the compositor.
  • (a.) To make fat; to fatten; to make plump and fleshy with abundant food; as, to fat fowls or sheep.
  • (v. i.) To grow fat, plump, and fleshy.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) This effect was more marked in breast cancer patients which may explain our earlier finding that women with upper body fat localization are at increased risk for developing breast cancer.
  • (2) After a period on fat-rich diet the patient's physical fitness was increased and the recovery period after the acute load was shorter.
  • (3) In the clinical trials in which there was complete substitution of fat-modified ruminant foods for conventional ruminant products the fall in serum cholesterol was approximately 10%.
  • (4) To estimate the age of onset of these differences, and to assess their relationship to abdominal and gluteal adipocyte size, we measured adiposity, adipocyte size, and glucose and insulin concentrations during a glucose tolerance test in lean (less than 20% body fat), prepubertal children from each race.
  • (5) High radioactivities were observed in the digestive organs, mesenteric lymphnodes, liver, pancreas, urinary bladder, fat tissue, kidney and spleen after oral administration to rats.
  • (6) There were few significant differences between high polyunsaturated (safflower oil) and saturated fat (lard) diet groups.
  • (7) Protein composition was determined in mesenteric lymph chylomicrons from fat-fed rats.
  • (8) The relationship of weight history with current fat distribution was also explored.
  • (9) The heterogeneity of obesity may be demonstrated by the shape of fat distribution and the prolactin response to insulin hypoglycaemia.
  • (10) Dietary factors affect intestinal P450s markedly--iron restriction rapidly decreased intestinal P450 to beneath detectable values; selenium deficiency acted similarly but was less effective; Brussels sprouts increased intestinal AHH activity 9.8-fold, ECOD activity 3.2-fold, and P450 1.9-fold; fried meat and dietary fat significantly increased intestinal EROD activity; a vitamin A-deficient diet increased, and a vitamin A-rich diet decreased intestinal P450 activities; and excess cholesterol in the diet increased intestinal P450 activity.
  • (11) I usually use them as a rag with which to clean the toilet but I didn’t have anything else to wear today because I’m so fat.” While this exchange will sound baffling to outsiders, to Brits it actually sounds like this: “You like my dress?
  • (12) Assuming 1 kg LBM to contain 52.1 mmol potassium, the mean LBM was 3028 g in the I-NSM and 2739 in the I-SM; mean fat mass was similar in both groups.
  • (13) Cholestyramine resin was beneficial in reducing stool bulk but had no substantial effect on fat absorption.
  • (14) This study examined the association between diet composition, particularly dietary fat intake, and body-fat percentage in 205 adult females.
  • (15) With both approaches, carbohydrate and fat had little influence whereas egg albumin had a significant inhibitory effect on the absorption of nonheme iron.
  • (16) Computed Tomography was used to demonstrate the increased retro-orbital fat.
  • (17) The results obtained on fat cell membranes from abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue demonstrated the following.
  • (18) The latter appears to reflect methodological problems since both fat-free determinations depend upon TBW rather than somatic proteins.
  • (19) There were no relationships between blood pressure and calorie-adjusted intakes of fats, carbohydrates, sodium, potassium, calcium or magnesium.
  • (20) As with alloplastic orbital implant extrusions in enucleated sockets, autogeneous dermis fat grafts can be useful in managing extrusions in previously eviscerated sockets.

Shortening


Definition:

  • (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Shorten
  • (n.) The act of making or becoming short or shorter.
  • (n.) That which renders pastry short or friable, as butter, lard, etc.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The extent of the infectious process was limited, however, because the life span of the cultures was not significantly shortened, the yields of infectious virus per immunofluorescent cell were at all times low, and most infected cells contained only a few well-delineated small masses of antigen, suggestive of an abortive infection.
  • (2) Hearing loss at 8 kHz would shorten the I-V interval, while a loss at 4 kHz would be expected to lengthen the interval.
  • (3) Both systems indicated that the Kupffer cell modified endotoxin by enriching the lipid content of the molecule and shortening the length of the O-antigen.
  • (4) Platelet survival time in patients with Crohn's disease proved to be significantly shortened (p less than 0.001), whereas platelet turnover appeared augmented.
  • (5) Shorten said any arrangement needed to be consistent with international obligations, with asylum seekers afforded due process and their claims properly assessed.
  • (6) Rapid, on-site detection of chlamydial antigen in male FVU would shorten the infectious period by hastening diagnosis and treatment.
  • (7) Isometric exercise induces a significant shortening of both intervals although minor for QT so that the ratio significantly increases in comparison to baseline (p less than .001).
  • (8) Light-induced cone shortening provides a useful model for stuying nonmuscle contraction because it is linear, slow, and repetitive.
  • (9) In the V fibers, APD was lengthened by F, Q, and B, and shortened by L and M. The drug-induced changes in the relation between APD and CL were as in the P fibers.
  • (10) The CL was also longer in the duodenum, whereas the CD was shortened, indicating a reduction of the wave movements from the stomach antrum to the duodenum in the ranitidine periods.
  • (11) Chloride caused a significant concentration-dependent shortening of myosin rods due to destabilization of the alpha-helical double coiled rod structure.
  • (12) Strong correlations were found also between postsystolic shortening and thickening measured immediately before reperfusion and systolic shortening and thickening measured after recovery at 2-3 weeks (r = 0.73, n = 28; p less than 0.001 for shortening; r = 0.79, n = 12; p less than 0.01 for thickening).
  • (13) Slight but significant shortening of the latency of initial positivity in the evoked potential was observed after rearing in the enriched condition as compared to the data obtained from the littermates that were reared in the standard or impoverished conditions.
  • (14) When using pair stimula, barbamil shortens the period of absolute nonexcitation and the second phase of depression in the cycle of restituted H-reflexes to the second stimula in the pair.
  • (15) Accordingly, RV systolic SL shortening did not rise despite the substantial augmentation in RV outflow.
  • (16) Chloroquine administration shortened the time taken to reach peak plasma paracetamol concentration (tmax) in five of the volunteers.
  • (17) The survival time of the lambs was markedly shortened with the bubble oxygenator, although much longer than had been anticipated.
  • (18) An algorithm for the treatment of cryptococcosis complicating AIDS may shorten the duration of primary intravenous AB therapy.
  • (19) VT returned to control levels, expiratory time shortened, and breathing frequency increased.
  • (20) Isotonically, peak muscle shortening was reduced in the left muscle, whereas time to peak shortening was prolonged in the right myocardium.

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