(n.) A small opening; esp., one of the apertures, closed by membranes, between the tympanum and internal ear.
Example Sentences:
(1) These results indicate that diaphragmed fenestrae are inducible structures, and provide an opportunity to study them in vitro.
(2) A minor portion of the lymph is produced also in the lymph-fold from where it is transported in the interstitial tissue either by transfer vesicles of the circulatory blood capillaries or by pores and fenestrae of the transudatory blood capillaries.
(3) During juvenile and adult life stages, the process becomes somewhat removed from the fenestra for obvious reasons, but at a gape of about 40 to 50 degrees it inevitably must touch the "inferior tympanic membrane" and possibly also the tympanic ring.
(4) Isolated endothelial cells were characterized by the persistence of fenestrae.
(5) These observations demonstrate that endothelial fenestrae are inducible structures and that the cytoskeleton seems to be involved in their formation.
(6) Labyrinthine trepanation was performed in the majority of 16 patients with minor agenesis of middle ear involving either stapedovestibular ankylosis or absence of fenestra vestibuli.
(7) The blood flow in the radiating arteriole through a small cochlear fenestra was recorded with motion pictures in anesthetized guinea pigs, before and after norepinephrine injection into the ipsilateral carotid artery.
(8) After platinectomy and excision of a bony sequestrum, there remained only a large fossa with an area equivalent to 3 times that of a usual fenestra ovale.
(9) Formation of attenuated, porous areas is a postnatal process, apart from single fenestrae appearing in the walls of a few immature capillaries in late fetal life.
(10) Because of the complex design of the forceps blades, which have a pelvic curve as well as a cephalic curve and a fenestra, the radius of the cephalic curve is difficult to measure.
(11) Beginning at day 4, smooth muscle cells undergo modification and migrate through fenestrae in the internal elastic lamina into the intima where they proliferate.
(12) Thereby the Fossula fenestrae rotundae is formed, which in bounded medially by the Membrana tympani secundaria.
(13) This cavity is not identical with the posterior basicranial fenestra.
(14) In both mucous and serous cells the Golgi cisterns have numerous large fenestrae which are aligned to form cytoplasmic channels which extend across the stack.
(15) Endothelial fenestrae became apparent accompanied with increased adhesion of blood elements.
(16) Results of partial stapedectomy with the formation of small fenestra and the use of teflon piston prostheses in the period of 1980-1984 are shown.
(17) In the case of immature capillaries, the materials pass freely through the endothelial cells, and to a lesser extent are transferred via occasional plasmalemmal vesicles and fenestrae.
(18) Our data thus confirm the existence of both small and large fenestrae in the endothelial wall, in contradistinction to previous studies showing only regular, medium sized (100 nm) openings.
(19) The ultrastructure of diaphragmed fenestrae and the process of their de novo formation were examined in cultured endothelial cells cloned from fenestrated capillaries of bovine adrenal medulla.
(20) Diaphragmed fenestrae (DF) are sites of increased vascular permeability.
Membrane
Definition:
(n.) A thin layer or fold of tissue, usually supported by a fibrous network, serving to cover or line some part or organ, and often secreting or absorbing certain fluids.
Example Sentences:
(1) Tryptic digestion of the membranes caused complete disappearance of the binding activity, but heat-treatment for 5 min at 70 degrees C caused only 40% loss of activity.
(2) The extents of phospholipid hydrolysis were relatively low in brain homogenates, synaptic plasma membranes and heart ventricular muscle.
(3) The patterns observed were: clusters of granules related to the cell membrane; positive staining localized to portions of the cell membrane, and, less commonly, the whole cell circumference.
(4) Activity of Na,K-ATPase activity was measured as a functional marker for synaptosomal membranes.
(5) The influence of the various concepts for the induction of lateral structure formation in lipid membranes on integral functional units like ionophores is demonstrated by analysing the single channel current fluctuations of gramicidin in bimolecular lipid membranes.
(6) Phospholipid methylation in human EGMs is distinctly different from that in rat EGMs (Hirata and Axelrod 1980) in that the human activity is not Mg++-dependent, and apparent methyltransferase I activity is located in the external membrane surface.
(7) The predicted non-Lorentzian line shapes and widths were found to be in good agreement with experimental results, indicating that the local orientational order (called "packing" by many workers) in the bilayers of small vesicles and in multilamellar membranes is substantially the same.
(8) Apparently, the irradiation with visible light of a low intensity creates an additional proton gradient and thus stimulates a new replication and division cycle in the population of cells whose membranes do not have delta pH necessary for the initiation of these processes.
(9) Using monoclonal antibodies directed against the plasma membrane of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, we demonstrated previously that a glycoprotein with an Mr = 23,000 (gp23) had a non-polarized cell surface distribution and was observed on both the apical and basolateral membranes (Ojakian, G. K., Romain, R. E., and Herz, R. E. (1987) Am.
(10) The fraction of the viral dose which became cell associated was independent of the incubation temperature and increased with increasing target membrane concentration.
(11) Together these results suggest that IVC may operate as a selective activator of calpain both in the cytosol and at the membrane level; in the latter case in synergism with the activation induced by association of the proteinase to the cell membrane.
(12) The Cole-Moore effect, which was found here only under a specific set of conditions, thus may be a special case rather than the general property of the membrane.
(13) We have examined the insertion of bovine 17 alpha-hydroxylase (P45017 alpha) into the endoplasmic reticulum of COS 1 cells to evaluate the functional role of its hydrophobic amino-terminal sequence and membrane insertion.
(14) The transport of potassium ions through membranes of red blood cells was examined in in bitro experiments using a CMF of 4500 oersted.
(15) These membrane perturbation effects not observed with bleomycin-iron in the presence of a hydroxyl radical scavenger, dimethyl thiourea, or a chelating agent, desferrioxamine, were correlated with the ability of the complex to generate highly reactive oxygen species.
(16) Extensive studies during recent years have shown that the interaction between hormone and membrane-bound receptor can affect the receptor characteristics in at least two ways.
(17) Membranes of this material were filled with islets of Langerhans and implanted in the peritoneal cavity of rats.
(18) The penicillin-resistant Enterococcus hirae R40 has a typical profile of membrane-bound penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) except that the 71 kDa PBP5 of low penicillin affinity represents about 50% of all the PBPs present.
(19) To investigate the mechanism of enhanced responsiveness of cholesterol-enriched human platelets, we compared stimulation by surface-membrane-receptor (thrombin) and post-receptor (AlF4-) G-protein-directed pathways.
(20) Moreover, in DCVC-treated cells the mitochondria could not be stained with rhodamine-123, indicating severe mitochondrial damage and loss of membrane potential.