What's the difference between ferric and ferrous?

Ferric


Definition:

  • (a.) Pertaining to, derived from, or containing iron. Specifically (Chem.), denoting those compounds in which iron has a higher valence than in the ferrous compounds; as, ferric oxide; ferric acid.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Thus, although ferric-enterochelin cannot penetrate the cell surface from outside, the complex that is formed within the envelope is transported normally into the cell.
  • (2) Ferric iron in aqueous solution was used as an iron-only control.
  • (3) The free radical scavengers mannitol, thiourea, benzoate, and 4-methylmercapto-2-oxobutyrate protected either native cells exposed to H2O2 or pretreated hepatocytes exposed to H2O2 and given ferric or ferrous iron.
  • (4) During this reaction, the complete reduction of ferric ions present in ferredoxin was observed with a fast rate under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions.
  • (5) The effects of naftidrofuryl have been studied on MDA production in phosphate buffer in the presence or absence of ferric ions.
  • (6) Iron presented as inorganic ferric or ferrous salts may also be absorbed, though the more soluble ferrous salts are adsorbed much more rapidly.
  • (7) By using the Lancefield method as the standard, there was 100% agreement with both the colorimetric and ferric chloride tests for hippurate hydrolysis, and 96% agreement with the CAMP test.
  • (8) 220 MHz proton Fourier transform (FT) NMR with quadrature phase detection (QPD) technique is applied to observe largely hyperfine-shifted signals of various hemoproteins and hemoenzymes in ferric high-spin state.
  • (9) An additional synthetic analog of RA, which lacks a carbonyl group at the diketopiperazine ring, exhibited the same uptake rates as ferric RA.
  • (10) The electronic structure of the low-spin ferric iron in cyanide complex appears to be modulated by halide binding to a protonated amino acid in the distal heme cavity.
  • (11) Ferric ammonium citrate, ferrous sulfate and ferrous gluconate were all found effective in preventing rat anemia when added to their drinking water.
  • (12) Ferric ion and ferrocyanide are bound to nodes as colloidal precipitates, and may migrate away from their sites of formation.
  • (13) Of several heavy metal ions, such as Fe3+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+, tested for supplementation of the alkaline growth deficiency, only iron, either added in the ferrous or ferric form, was able to restore cellular growth.
  • (14) Ferric reduction takes place at the plasma membrane of the root epidermis cells by a transmembrane redox system, which can be activated when iron is getting short.
  • (15) Ferric[59Fe] citrate was injected to rats bearing hepatoma induced by the administration of diethylnitrosamine.
  • (16) On the morning before a 10 d collection period, the milk-substitutes were supplemented with 59Fe as ferric chloride and 65Zn as zinc chloride.
  • (17) A gene (FRE1) was identified which encodes a protein required for both ferric iron reduction and efficient ferric iron assimilation, thus linking these two activities.
  • (18) These results, taken together, indicate a role for ferric citrate in the iron nutrition of this strain, which has been shown to be an efficient nitrogen-fixing strain on a variety of soybean cultivars.
  • (19) The reduced toxicity can be correlated with changes in the difference spectrum of ferric-Adriamycin vs Adriamycin (ADR), where a peak around 610 nm shifted to the 570 nm region.
  • (20) Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) at 15 K was used to probe the magnetic interaction between the visible copper CuA2+ and ferric cytochrome a in the carbon monoxide compound of beef heart cytochrome oxidase.

Ferrous


Definition:

  • (a.) Pertaining to, or derived from, iron; -- especially used of compounds of iron in which the iron has its lower valence; as, ferrous sulphate.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The free radical scavengers mannitol, thiourea, benzoate, and 4-methylmercapto-2-oxobutyrate protected either native cells exposed to H2O2 or pretreated hepatocytes exposed to H2O2 and given ferric or ferrous iron.
  • (2) The pH dependence of this spectral change gave a sigmoidal curve fitted well to a theoretical curve of a cooperative release of two protons with a pK value of 7.5, indicating the existence of the acidic and alkaline forms of the ferrous CO enzyme.
  • (3) Iron presented as inorganic ferric or ferrous salts may also be absorbed, though the more soluble ferrous salts are adsorbed much more rapidly.
  • (4) The oxygen-free radical scavengers thiourea, mannitol and catalase prevented toxicity mediated by ferrous ammoniumsulphate but not by ferrous ascorbate (molar ratio of 1:20).
  • (5) One was identified as viridomycin A, the ferrous chelate of 4-hydroxy-3-nitrosobenzaldehyde; the second (actinoviridin A) was the corresponding carboxylic acid chelate and the third (viridomycin E) was a hybrid chelate containing both the aldehyde and acid ligands.
  • (6) The ferrous iron chelator, bipyridyl, enhanced the production of chemiluminescence catalyzed by FeSO4 and ferritin but had little effect on the K3Fe(CN)6-catalyzed reaction.
  • (7) Under aerobic conditions, adriamycin-Fe3+ caused a reduction of cytochrome c and ferrous iron formed spontaneously.
  • (8) EPR studies of intact cells grown photoheterotrophically reveal that in situ cytochrome c' exists largely in the ferrous state.
  • (9) Ferric ammonium citrate, ferrous sulfate and ferrous gluconate were all found effective in preventing rat anemia when added to their drinking water.
  • (10) Of several heavy metal ions, such as Fe3+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+, tested for supplementation of the alkaline growth deficiency, only iron, either added in the ferrous or ferric form, was able to restore cellular growth.
  • (11) Prolonged continuous cultivation on tetrathionate or thiosulfate did not affect the ability of the organism to grow subsequently in ferrous iron medium.
  • (12) Fatale haemoptysis occurred as a result of circumferential caustic erosion to the right intermediate bronchus caused by a tablet of ferrous sulphate which remained in contact for 4 days.
  • (13) Ferrous ions stimulate NAD(P)H oxidation, which is again inhibited by SOD and catalase.
  • (14) Bio-availability and therapeutic efficacy of two oral ferrous preparations in the form of effervescent tablets (A and A*) were compared.
  • (15) The reaction of ferrous bleomycin with dioxygen is reexamined to clarify whether radical species derived from molecular oxygen are generated.
  • (16) The hydroxylase was a monomer with a Mr of 35,000-38,000. alpha-Ketoglutarate, ferrous iron, and molecular oxygen were required for the enzyme activity.
  • (17) The spontaneous activity of 24 cells was reduced by ferrous ions.
  • (18) It was classified as a metallo-protease by virtue of its inactivation by metal-ion chelators and reactivation by ferrous ions.
  • (19) Regulation by iron occurs at the transcriptional level and is mediated by a ferrous iron binding protein designated Fur (ferric uptake regulation).
  • (20) The anticonvulsant effects of D-alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) were studied in 4 animal seizure models: the Metrazol threshold model (MET), the maximal electroshock model (MES), the kindling model (well-established seizures), and the ferrous chloride model.

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