(1) Caulobacter flagella are unusual in that they contain two different flagellin subunits.
(2) Electron microscopy has been used to monitor the effect of detergent treatment on the morphology of the organism and to examine the detailed structure of the flagella.
(3) The remaining nonswarming mutants produced flagella but were defective in surface-induced elongation.
(4) Rabbits immunized with the flagella developed an immune response to the flagella but showed no statistically significant prolongation of incubation time or diminution of lesion severity when challenged intradermally with 4 X 10(3) Treponema pallidum organisms.
(5) Sperm mitochondria and flagella were found in the egg 15 min after insemination.
(6) Reconstituted flagellar filaments were demonstrated by three complementary methods: transmission electron microscopy, antigenic reactivity with H7 antiserum by a dot blot immunoassay, and immunogold localization of antiserum raised to the purified antigen to intact flagella on whole E. coli O157:H7.
(7) Considerable differences in the molecular weight of flagellin accompanied the previously described structural differences between flagella from strains with different H antigens.
(8) Light microscopy of swimming cells indicates that the flagella beat in two synchronous pairs, with each pair exhibiting a breast-stroke-like motion.
(9) Results indicate that sperm first exhibit WGA reactivity on their flagellae in the region of the distal caput, and that the appearance of WGA receptors is due to the binding of a 54-Kd glycoprotein (SMA4) to the cell surface.
(10) During mid-spermatid stages, the centrioles give rise to the flagella and concomitantly undergo differentiation to become the basal bodies.
(11) Because of a right-handed cell cylinder and left-handed periplasmic flagella along with bent ends having helix diameters greater than those of either the cell cylinder or periplasmic flagella, we conclude that there is a complex interaction of the periplasmic flagella and the cell cylinder to form the bent ends.
(12) When cells of Proteus vulgaris were transferred from 37 to 42 C, a temperature at which they continue to grow almost optimally, they ceased to form flagella after approximately one generation time.
(13) Putative flagella proteins were identified from isolated flagella and acid-extractable surface material and by immunoblotting with anti-flagella antibodies.
(14) Analysis of the protein composition of short flagella from a mutant indicated that a single flagellum contains about 10 to 20 HAP1, 10 to 20 HAP2, and 10 to 40 HAP3 molecules.
(15) Flagellation of the lateral flagella depended on the pH of the medium.
(16) The isolated organism measured 2.0 to 3.5 microns in length (excluding flagella) by 0.17 to 0.25 micron in width and typically had a single terminal sheathed flagellum.
(17) The ability of Typhimurium to adhere to and invade epithelial cells has been associated with flagella, pili of type I and mannose-resistant haemagglutinating activity.
(18) In the flagella insertion area, there was a highly electron-dense component, the "polar membrane".
(19) Flagella extracted from five serovars, representative of the pathogenic and saprophytic species of the Leptospiraceae, were morphologically similar.
(20) The heteromorphous appearance of bdellovibrio flagella arose from the sequential assembly of these subunits.
Flagellation
Definition:
(n.) A beating or flogging; a whipping; a scourging.
Example Sentences:
(1) Discovery of this vectorhost-parasite system in the Americas, and the localization of promastigote flagellates (leptomonads) in the hindgut of the vector, should assist in clarifying interpretative problems associated with infection of wild-caught flies in studies on leishmaniasis in the Americas and elsewhere.
(2) The 18S data provide the principal signal that supports the more basal divergences, but the data do not unambiguously address relationships among taxa in the clade that includes most colonial flagellates and Chlamydomonas taxa representative of the Euchlamydomonas group (sensu Ettl).
(3) Needless to say, the place is now awash in self-flagellation.
(4) The spermatozoon of the mealybug Pseudococcus obscurus Essig is a filamentous cell (0.25 micro by 300 micro) which exhibits three-dimensional flagellations throughout most of its length.
(5) One month later the patient developed pigmented flagellate streaks on his arms and chest wall.
(6) Flagellation of the lateral flagella depended on the pH of the medium.
(7) Analysis of the moles per cent guanine plus cytosine (GC) content in the deoxyribonucleic acid of representative strains indicated that the peritrichously flagellated groups had a GC content of 53.7 to 67.8 moles%; polarly flagellated strains had a GC content of 30.5 to 64.7 moles%.
(8) A kinetoplast DNA hybridization probe method was used to detect Leishmania within sand flies and to distinguish it from the non-pathogenic flagellate, Endotrypanum.
(9) The flagellates that are most similar in structure to the ciliates are the dinoflagellates and two genera of uncertain taxonomic position, Colponema and Katablepharis.
(10) Thus, the results obtained show convincingly the presence of genetic interchange between flagellates of ChxR100 and CapR2.5 strains.
(11) Xanthobacter flavus 301T (T = type strain) and other strains, including H4-14, both of which were previously described as nonmotile, were reproducibly motile and peritrichously flagellated during the log phase when they were cultured in medium lacking tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates.
(12) The flagellates and the ciliates have long been considered to be closely related because of their unicellular nature and the similarity in the structures of the axoneme of the flagella and cilia in both groups.
(13) Flagellates from the caeca of a diseased hen and a diseased goose were transmitted to 35 specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens.
(14) Presumably, drug-induced antinuclear antibodies were found in 29%, using Hep II cells and crithidia-luciliae flagellates.
(15) Actin genic regions were isolated and characterized from the heterokont-flagellated protists, Achlya bisexualis (Oomycota) and Costaria costata (Chromophyta).
(16) Ribosomes of Trypanosoma brucei, a parasitic, flagellated protozoan (order Kinetoplastida), were identified on sucrose density gradients by their radioactively labeled nascent peptides.
(17) These samples also contained corncob formations on the surface of supragingival deposits, and flagellated cells with spirochetes within the predominantly Gram-negative flora of the sulcus bottom.
(18) The cytoplasm contained, in addition to tubules and two types of granules, a membrane-associated structure (MAS) that, although less extensive, bears some resemblance to polar membranes observed in flagellated bacteria.
(19) Taxol, a plant alkaloid stabilizer of microtubules, inhibits in vitro the replication of the human pathogenic flagellate Trichomonas vaginalis in a dose-dependent fashion.
(20) Twenty-eight pregnant ewes were inoculated IV with approximately 6 X 10(8) nonclassified, anaerobic, flagellated bacteria (NAFB) that had been isolated from an aborted lamb.