(1) Caulobacter flagella are unusual in that they contain two different flagellin subunits.
(2) Electron microscopy has been used to monitor the effect of detergent treatment on the morphology of the organism and to examine the detailed structure of the flagella.
(3) The remaining nonswarming mutants produced flagella but were defective in surface-induced elongation.
(4) Rabbits immunized with the flagella developed an immune response to the flagella but showed no statistically significant prolongation of incubation time or diminution of lesion severity when challenged intradermally with 4 X 10(3) Treponema pallidum organisms.
(5) Sperm mitochondria and flagella were found in the egg 15 min after insemination.
(6) Reconstituted flagellar filaments were demonstrated by three complementary methods: transmission electron microscopy, antigenic reactivity with H7 antiserum by a dot blot immunoassay, and immunogold localization of antiserum raised to the purified antigen to intact flagella on whole E. coli O157:H7.
(7) Considerable differences in the molecular weight of flagellin accompanied the previously described structural differences between flagella from strains with different H antigens.
(8) Light microscopy of swimming cells indicates that the flagella beat in two synchronous pairs, with each pair exhibiting a breast-stroke-like motion.
(9) Results indicate that sperm first exhibit WGA reactivity on their flagellae in the region of the distal caput, and that the appearance of WGA receptors is due to the binding of a 54-Kd glycoprotein (SMA4) to the cell surface.
(10) During mid-spermatid stages, the centrioles give rise to the flagella and concomitantly undergo differentiation to become the basal bodies.
(11) Because of a right-handed cell cylinder and left-handed periplasmic flagella along with bent ends having helix diameters greater than those of either the cell cylinder or periplasmic flagella, we conclude that there is a complex interaction of the periplasmic flagella and the cell cylinder to form the bent ends.
(12) When cells of Proteus vulgaris were transferred from 37 to 42 C, a temperature at which they continue to grow almost optimally, they ceased to form flagella after approximately one generation time.
(13) Putative flagella proteins were identified from isolated flagella and acid-extractable surface material and by immunoblotting with anti-flagella antibodies.
(14) Analysis of the protein composition of short flagella from a mutant indicated that a single flagellum contains about 10 to 20 HAP1, 10 to 20 HAP2, and 10 to 40 HAP3 molecules.
(15) Flagellation of the lateral flagella depended on the pH of the medium.
(16) The isolated organism measured 2.0 to 3.5 microns in length (excluding flagella) by 0.17 to 0.25 micron in width and typically had a single terminal sheathed flagellum.
(17) The ability of Typhimurium to adhere to and invade epithelial cells has been associated with flagella, pili of type I and mannose-resistant haemagglutinating activity.
(18) In the flagella insertion area, there was a highly electron-dense component, the "polar membrane".
(19) Flagella extracted from five serovars, representative of the pathogenic and saprophytic species of the Leptospiraceae, were morphologically similar.
(20) The heteromorphous appearance of bdellovibrio flagella arose from the sequential assembly of these subunits.
Flagellum
Definition:
(v. t.) A young, flexible shoot of a plant; esp., the long trailing branch of a vine, or a slender branch in certain mosses.
(v. t.) A long, whiplike cilium. See Flagellata.
(v. t.) An appendage of the reproductive apparatus of the snail.
(v. t.) A lashlike appendage of a crustacean, esp. the terminal ortion of the antennae and the epipodite of the maxilipeds. See Maxilliped.
Example Sentences:
(1) The immunological methods based on the use of a flagellum-specific serum have confirmed the presence of a common flagellum antigen for all Legionella species described to date.
(2) The antigenic determinant defined by 5E9 was also shown to be present in a 87000 molecular weight polypeptide located in the proximal part of the flagellum of Crithidia oncopelti in which a paraflagellar rod is not detectable at the ultrastructural level.
(3) 1965.-A correlation is shown to exist in Bacillus subtilis between susceptibility to phage PBS1 and motility, indicating that the receptor site for this phage is located on the flagellum.
(4) Temperature decline through the region of 10 degrees C caused a number of spermatozoa in buffer to undergo a sudden asymmetric bending of the flagellum in the region of the midpiece.
(5) The majority of the mutants were unable to assemble a flagellar filament (Fla-), although eight were able to synthesize a short stub of a flagellum.
(6) The implication that attenuation is due to the inhibition of energy transport via a PCr shuttle resulting in the decrease of ATP and accumulation of inhibitory levels of ADP distally has been supported by calculating sperm PCr and ATP levels resulting from diffusion along the flagellum.
(7) The bacterial flagellum is a complex multicomponent structure which serves as the propulsive organelle for many species of bacteria.
(8) The trailing edge of the flagellum, which is thickly covered by scales and was assumed until now to lack receptors, contains both mechanosensitive and contact chemoreceptors.
(9) The distal centriole gives rise to a flagellum that grows at the same pace as the cortical microtubules.
(10) Scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed that promastigotes of the invasive species entered fibroblasts flagellum-end first through pseudopodia-like structures formed on the host cell surface, reminiscent of "induced phagocytosis."
(11) Axoneme filaments extend from the basal body filaments into a progressive evagination of the cell membrane which becomes the flagellum sheath.
(12) Of special interest were the spatial relationships of the attached part of the recurrent flagellum and the accessory filament in Hypotrichomonas and in the members of Trichomonadinae, i.e.
(13) Analysis of the protein composition of short flagella from a mutant indicated that a single flagellum contains about 10 to 20 HAP1, 10 to 20 HAP2, and 10 to 40 HAP3 molecules.
(14) The isolate was presumptively identified by its growth characteristics, motility, curved shape, and the presence of a single polar flagellum.
(15) The diagnostic performance of the flagellum ELISA for serodiagnosis of Lyme disease was compared with the performance of a traditional whole cell B. burgdorferi sonic extract ELISA.
(16) While in general agreement with previous searchers, the authors direct their attention at peculiar or unknown structures such as: a huge phagosome sometimes loaded with a paracristalline rod; an occasional set of parallel microtubules along the reservoir; eventual duplication of the blepharoplast and even of the flagellum.
(17) A sonicate antigen and two concentrations of a purified flagellum antigen of Borrelia burgdorferi were compared for serological diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis by an enzyme immunoassay (EIA).
(18) The isolated organism measured 2.0 to 3.5 microns in length (excluding flagella) by 0.17 to 0.25 micron in width and typically had a single terminal sheathed flagellum.
(19) The flagellum of the mature spermatozoa was composed of four different components: a mitochondrial sheath, outer dense fiber, fibrous sheath and axoneme.
(20) All points on a flagellum are capable of initiating waves.