What's the difference between flanked and flanker?
Flanked
Definition:
(imp. & p. p.) of Flank
Example Sentences:
(1) In dorsoventral (DV) reversed wings at both shoulder or flank level, the motor axons do not alter their course as they enter the graft.
(2) Three overlapping clones, spanning a total of 19 kb of the human SC gene, including 3 kb of the 5' flanking region, were characterized.
(3) Thus, human bronchial epithelial cells can express the IL-8 gene, with expression in response to the inflammatory mediator TNF regulated mainly at the transcriptional level, and with elements within the 5'-flanking region of the gene that are directly or indirectly modulated by the TNF signal.
(4) Peptides from this region bind to actin, act as mixed inhibitors of the actin-stimulated S1 Mg2(+)-ATPase, and influence the contractile force developed in skinned fibres, whereas peptides flanking this sequence are without effect in our test systems.
(5) We present the nucleotide sequence of the galactokinase gene (galK) of Escherichia coli including its 5' and 3' flanking regions.
(6) Hypersensitive sites identified in the 3'-flanking region showed no change with T3 stimulation.
(7) Exons and flanking introns (greater than 14 kb) were sequenced to determine the structural organization of the gene.
(8) IS1106 has a length of 1137 bp and is flanked by 36bp inverted repeats.
(9) These results suggest that the Eco RI site in the flanking region of the 21-hydroxylase gene may be modified in adrenal cancer tissue, and that inadequate 21-hydroxylase is present in some forms of adrenal cancers.
(10) Our results indicate that provirus expression occurs by two different mechanisms: one provirus acquired a single base pair mutation in the retrovirus tRNA primer binding site, permitting provirus expression; expression of three proviruses was mediated by 5'-flanking DNA sequences.
(11) The sequences in the 5'-flanking region of the alpha- and beta-MYHC-encoding genes diverge extensively from one another, suggesting that expression of the alpha- and beta-MYHC genes is independently regulated.
(12) DNA sequence analysis of a 3.8-kb genomic piece allowed identification of (i) an open reading frame (ORF) with striking homology to the previously identified D. melanogaster ORF and (ii) conserved sequence elements of possible regulatory relevance within and flanking the second intron.
(13) To identify DNA sequences that were responsible for the high level of transcription of the gene for adipocyte P2 in vivo, we made a series of transgenic mice containing 168 base pairs (bp), 247 bp, 1.7 kilobases (kb), and 5.4 kb of 5' flanking sequence linked to the bacterial gene chloramphenicol acetyltransferase.
(14) Studies with substrate analogs selectively modified at the basic doublet indicated that the integrity of both basic amino acids is essential but that conformational parameters, probably governed by the amino acid sequences flanking the basic doublet, play an important role.
(15) A prospective study compared the diagnostic accuracy of sonography and excretory urography in determining the cause of acute flank pain in 61 patients.
(16) The regulatory region of the casein gene contains two different TATA signals flanking the duplication site in the promoter region.
(17) Each of the mice received 3 pieces of explants on the s.c. space in both of their flanks.
(18) The 1947 base pairs of 5' flanking sequence contains several putative regulatory elements including two adjacent Oct I binding elements, four glucocorticoid regulatory elements and a sequence very homologous to the previously described fat specific element at--1402 nt.
(19) In earlier studies with the SV40-transformed hamster cell line Elona two different types of DNA amplification could be identified: (i) Bidirectional overreplication of chromosomally integrated SV40 DNA expanding into the flanking cellular sequences ("onion skin" type) and (ii) highly efficient synthesis of extremely large head-to-tail concatemers containing exclusively SV40 DNA ("rolling circle" type).
(20) In addition, the transcriptional behaviour of this tRNALeuCUG gene in various in vitro systems is described and it seems that, although the gene is transcribed in all test systems, the very A + T-rich 5'-flanking sequence of this particular gene may be somewhat inhibitory to transcription in vitro.
Flanker
Definition:
(n.) One who, or that which, flanks, as a skirmisher or a body of troops sent out upon the flanks of an army toguard a line of march, or a fort projecting so as to command the side of an assailing body.
(v. t.) To defend by lateral fortifications.
(v. t.) To attack sideways.
Example Sentences:
(1) When the on-frequency SAM tone had a modulation depth of 63%, some listeners performed optimally when the flanking SAM tones also exhibited a modulation depth of 63%, whereas others performed best when the flankers had modulation depths of 100%.
(2) The problem is that rugby is a winter sport, played in stodgy conditions up north that don’t really allow for the development of faster, lighter genuine open-side flankers who can match the likes of Richie McCaw, David Pocock, Francois Louw and Michael Hooper.
(3) There was a 50-Hz masker band centered on the 1250-Hz tonal signal, and four 50-Hz flanker bands centered at 850, 1050, 1450, and 1650 Hz.
(4) The results showed that: (1) the asymmetry was not related to the familiarity of the symbol targets or to the prime-target interval; (2) when the classification involved familiar and unfamiliar symbols, the asymmetry remained (i.e., there was less interference associated with the unfamiliar symbol targets), but there was now significant response competition associated with both symbol categories; and (3) with a mixed-category task (i.e., letters and symbols assigned to both responses), the symbol targets continued to be less interfered with by both letter and symbol incompatible flankers.
(5) Specifically, the effect might be produced because the paradigm requires subjects to (1) attend exclusively to stimuli within a very small visual angle, (2) maintain a long-term attentional focus on a constant display location, (3) focus attention on an empty display location, (4) exclude onset-transient flankers from semantic processing, or (5) ignore some of the few stimuli in an impoverished visual field.
(6) Coupled with previous research, these findings converge in establishing that both failures to maintain attention on the target location and the semantic congruity of target and flankers modulate the size of the effects from irrelevant stimuli.
(7) However, when the target location was precued, no effect of the semantic congruity of target and flankers was found.
(8) McCaw, who has won 148 caps, was taken off one minute from the end to a standing ovation from a crowd who thought they would not see him in action again, but the 34-year-old flanker said he may be back for more.
(9) He loved George Smith, the Australian flanker, and believed that, like his hero, he could compensate for a lack of height.
(10) For 80 ('valid') trials, flankers and targets were consistent in the response cued (pressing a button with either left or right hand); on 8 ('invalid') trials they conflicted.
(11) These results indicate, that the flankers activated their associated response channel while display evaluation was still going on, and that response facilitation and competition occurred.
(12) Automatic semantic activation was assessed in a version of the flanker task, in which nominally irrelevant words were presented above and below a target word.
(13) Invited to play a more roving role while Chris Masoe, Juan Smith, Ali Williams and Bakkies Botha took care of the ruck-shop, the exiled flanker still topped the tackle count and thundered around like a man with a number of timely points to prove.
(14) In this study, we evaluated whether uncertainty about target location and category overlap between the target and the flankers played a role in recent findings (Miller, 1987) of semantic interference of irrelevant stimuli.
(15) Toulon-based Giteau, the reigning European player of the year, and his Heineken Cup-winning team-mate Mitchell and champion flanker Smith, currently also in France, are the biggest winners from the shift in policy.
(16) In contrast, large CMRs required long fringes on both the masker and flanker bands.
(17) Response competition occurred when targets were flanked by context stimuli associated with the opposite response, but this effect diminished when the target was delayed relative to the flankers.
(18) Two experiments demonstrated distinct effects of response compatibility and semantic congruity between flankers and target.
(19) In fact, visual angle is the only one of the task features that clearly has a strong influence on the size of the flanker compatibility effect.
(20) By fringing the masker and flanker bands separately and in combination, it was revealed that the temporal declines of masking were primarily attributable to the fringing of the flanker bands.