(n.) Syntactical change of form of words, as by declension or conjugation; inflection.
(n.) The bending of a limb or joint; that motion of a joint which gives the distal member a continually decreasing angle with the axis of the proximal part; -- distinguished from extension.
Example Sentences:
(1) Comparisons of ICR locations were made between flexion and extension, between left and right limbs, and between living and dead dogs, using analysis of variance.
(2) Unrecognized flexion injuries of the cervical spine may lead to late instability and neurologic damage.
(3) The prognosis was adversely affected by obesity, preoperative flexion contracture of 30 degrees or more, wound-healing problems, wound infection, and postoperative manipulation under general anesthesia.
(4) The technique of two-plane angiography of femoro-popliteal bypasses with 90 degrees knee flexion is described.
(5) Physiotherapy for 4 to 12 weeks produced improvement, but in four cases early operation for excision of fibrous tissue and lengthening of the triceps was necessary to restore adequate flexion.
(6) Tension in flexor tendons during wrist flexion may play a role in otherwise unexplained instances of the carpal tunnel syndrome.
(7) Five cases of bilateral abduction contracture of the shoulder in adults including the first case of bilateral abduction contractures of shoulder and hip plus bilateral flexion contracture of elbow and extension contracture of a knee are reported.
(8) We found that the Gallie system generally allowed significantly more rotation in flexion, extension, axial rotation, and lateral bending than the other three fixation techniques.
(9) The lower neck flexion is 35 degrees and extension of the plane of the face 15 degrees, each angle measured relative to horizontal.
(10) Flexion of the knee beyond 40 degrees progressively diminished viability of the edges of the wound, particularly the lateral edge.
(11) Intertester reliability for measurements obtained with a goniometer was .90 for flexion and .86 for extension.
(12) In these three patients, laxity of the knee in flexion was so severe that posterior instability could not be corrected merely by patellar relocation.
(13) X-ray study of this region in lateral projection was did, in neutral position and flexion-extension of the neck.
(14) The results of the Tinel percussion test, the Phalen wrist-flexion test, and the new test were evaluated in thirty-one patients (forty-six hands) in whom the presence of carpal tunnel syndrome had been proved electrodiagnostically, as well as in a control group of fifty subjects.
(15) Although the entire cohort of neck patients, regardless of group assignment, improved significantly on all the outcome variables over the 6-week period, patients receiving intermittent traction performed significantly better than those assigned to the no traction group in terms of pain (P = 0.03), forward flexion (P = 0.01), right rotation (P = 0.004) and left rotation (P = 0.05).
(16) flexion, stretch, rolling, startle, jumping (stepping), and writhing.
(17) By placing the thigh in external flexion-rotation the deep femoral artery can readily be approached downstream the first perforating artery.
(18) Whereas in flexion stress all methods showed a sufficient stability, the rotation tests proved, that in case of a dorsal instability of the lower cervical spine, posterior interlaminar wiring or anterior plate stabilization showed no reliable stabilization effect.
(19) In severely impaired limbs, there was a marked shift in both the peak EMG angle and the angular domain of EMG activity for both biceps and triceps muscle groups, away from the normal elbow flexion-extension axis towards external humeral rotation and shoulder girdle elevation.
(20) On physical examination the patients complained of pain on both passive flexion and internal rotation of the hip, and when the thigh was pushed backwards at 90 degrees of flexion.
Retroflexion
Definition:
(n.) The act of reflexing; the state of being retroflexed. Cf. Retroversion.
Example Sentences:
(1) The most important differential diagnostic problems involve anencephaly with spinal retroflexion and the Klippel-Feil syndrome.
(2) Iniencephaly is a very rare malformation comprising a bone defect at the occiput, malformation of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae, spina bifida, and retroflexion of the head.
(3) It is associated with a defect in the occiput, alterations in the spinal column that are variable and retroflexion of the fetus.
(4) Moreover, the authors provided evidence that the area of the dural sac diminishes significantly in retroflexion, as compared with the neutral position in subjects with a normal spinal canal as well as in subjects with congenital stenosis of the spinal canal.
(5) Because of our good results, we make a plea for expectant management of retroflexion of the pregnant uterus.
(6) It is suggested that for precision the term "spinal retroflexion" should be used after duly prefixing it by an appropriate word (severe, moderate or mild) indicating the degree of retroflexion observed.
(7) The findings show that retroflexion in this variant of anencephaly can be classified into severe, moderate and mild forms.
(8) Retroflexion of the head with exaggerated cervicothoracic lordosis is always present, and CNS malformations in the form of anencephaly, spina bifida and encephalocele are often present.
(9) It is discussed that, though the anencephalies with severe or moderate degree of cervical retroflexion resemble iniencephaly in their features of spinal retroflexion, those having mild retroflexion are contrasted and should not be categorised with iniencephaly.
(10) The incidence of retroflexion in holoprosencephaly was apparently higher than that of ordinary subdural hygromas.
(11) A frequent feature is pain on retroflexion of the head.
(12) Iniencephaly is a rare, lethal, axial dysraphic malformation complex diagnosed on the basis of three cardinal features: deficiency of the occipital bone, cervicothoracic spinal retroflexion, and rachischisis.
(13) Case analysis indicates that retroflexion results from subdural fluid collection.
(14) This fetus is especially interesting as it presents anencephaly, supporting the view of classifying together iniencephaly and anencephaly with retroflexion.
(15) Anteflexion and retroflexion movements of the cervical spine were recorded cineradiographically during three measuring sessions to determine reproducibility as well as intraindividual and interindividual variability of segmental instantaneous centers of rotation (recorded as "averaged" and "standard").
(16) The not viable, female newborn had a malformation causing an extremely retroflexion of the head.
(17) No explanation could be found for this persisting retroflexion during pregnancy.
(18) Fetal eye, mouth, rotation, and retroflexion of the head were observed by real-time ultrasound.
(19) The objective of the presented work was to investigate anatomical structures of the cervial spine and their interrelations on cervical myelograms in a neutral position and in retroflexion.
(20) The area of the dural sac increases during anteflexion and diminishes in retroflexion, as compared with the neutral position.