(n.) A broad flat limb used for swimming, as those of seals, sea turtles, whales, etc.
(n.) The hand.
Example Sentences:
(1) The rostral brainstem of the harbor seal Phoca vitulina was cooled and heated 33-41 degrees C while oxygen consumption and rectal, hypothalamic, flipper and dorsal skin temperatures were measured.
(2) Her younger brother had died at the age of 3 months with severe thrombocytopenia and heavily malformed, flipper-like upper extremities.
(3) Variability in daily flipper rate increased as symptom level increased.
(4) Appendages, and to a lesser extent the skin on the torso, cooled appreciably at lower air temperatures, and the flippers were kept just above freezing in subzero air.
(5) Structural differences found in the manus of fur seals and sea lions include: (1) reduction in size of the ulnar side of the carpus and a radial shift in the length-order of the digits, (2) development of musculature in the antebrachial fascia which attaches to the caudal margin of the flipper, (3) orientation of the radial side of the manus dorsal and radial to the rest of the hand, (4) increased range of possible midcarpal movement and in deviational mobility at the first and fifth digits, (5) attachment of forearm musculature onto radial digits and (6) well-developed hypothenar muscles and absence of thenar muscles.
(6) The kinematics and morphology of this hind flipper motion indicated that phocid seals do not swim in the carangiform mode as categorized by Lighthill (1969), but in a distinct mode that mimics swimming by thunniform propulsors.
(7) Arteriovenous anastomoses are important in the regulation of body temperature in seals; when these animals are on land, AVAs function to dissipate body heat, and vascular thermoregulation occurs in the flippers but notover the general body surface.
(8) The subjects wore anaglyph glasses and viewed a nonvariable square-X-circle anaglyph target alternately through a 16 delta base-out and 4 delta base-in prism flipper.
(9) At thermoneutral (+8 to +16 degrees C) and cold (-18 to -22 degrees C) ambient conditions, the effects of hypothalamic heating and cooling on the surface temperature of one flipper (skin blood flow), oxygen consumption (metabolic heat production) and esophageal (core) temperature were observed in the conscious animals.- Heating the rostral brain stem induced heat defence responses: Heat production was reduced in the cold and skin vasodilatation was evoked at thermoneutral ambient conditions.
(10) In the northern fur seal most AVAs (76%) occurred in the superficial region of the dermis; the density of AVAs in flipper skin was significantly higher than in body skin, and the density in the hind flipper was significantly greater than in the foreflipper.
(11) I'm not convinced I'm much help, clumsily treading water in my flippers, but Moi takes charge and soon we have a few dozen fish, which he chops up for us to eat raw.
(12) One group of gene mutations (Ames dwarf, dwarf, flipper-arm, pygmy) specifically depress spermatogenesis and testicular steroidogenesis.
(13) This feature is of great importance for oxygen unloading in the flippers and the tail, where the temperature is lower than the trunk of the whale.
(14) On the surface, I was successful, but I also longed for the recognition of fellow black people, including my few black male peers for whom I was seemingly nonexistent: all of them, including my brothers, were busy chasing the hair-flippers.
(15) Missing teeth were commonplace; there were gaps, spaces and "flipper dentures."
(16) Black wetsuits and flippers have replaced their trademark white cotton robes, although they still protect their heads with a traditional scarf decorated with lucky symbols.
(17) But the two middle-aged women regularly swap their floral blouses for wetsuits, fill their lungs with air and spend long periods under water, aided by nothing more than a facemask and a pair of flippers.
(18) Three cases of congenital ectrodactyly of the flipper in the manatee are described, including one case of bilaterally-symmetrical cleft hand.
(19) The hind flippers acted as hydrofoils, and the efficiency, thrust power and coefficient of thrust were calculated from unsteady wing theory.
(20) This weight gives it a gravitas, and as it waddles and flaps its flippers as you stroke it, the whole thing vibrates.
Mammal
Definition:
(n.) One of the Mammalia.
Example Sentences:
(1) The high amino acid levels in the cells suggest that these cells act as inter-organ transporters and reservoirs of amino acids, they have a different role in their handling and metabolism from those of mammals.
(2) Ernst Reissner studied the formation of the inner ear initially using the embryos of fowls, then the embryos of mammals, mainly cows and pigs, and to a less extent the embryos of man.
(3) The binaural characteristics of cells in MSO were different from those in nonecholocating mammals.
(4) The findings support our earlier suggestion that the kinetics of spermatogenesis in the quail are fundamentally similar to the pattern which has been described for mammals.
(5) So far, attempts to produce linolenic acid deficiency in mammals have not revealed an absolute requirement for n-3 fatty acids.
(6) Somewhat surprisingly then, in view of the mechanisms in mammals, birds do not seem to use this seasonal message in the photoperiodic control of reproduction.
(7) This indicates a functional relationship between material supplied via the rapid phase of axonal transport and an unimpaired transsynaptic signal transmission, previously not revealed in the central nervous system of mammals.
(8) Nucleus z in the rat was found to be similar in location to nucleus z in other mammals.
(9) Phyla as diverse as insects, birds, and mammals possess distinct HRAS and KRAS sequences, suggesting that these genes are essential to metazoa.
(10) The presence in lamprey kidney of a loop which is similar to Henle's loop in mammals and birds indicates that the development of the system of osmotic concentration conditioned by the formation in the kidney of the medulla and from a sharp increase in renal arterial blood supply.
(11) Investigations carried out in Pavlodar Province have shown that 7 species of ixodid ticks, Ixodes crenulatus, I. lividus, I. persulcatus, I. laguri laguri, Dermacentor marginatus, D. reticulatus, Haemaphysalis concinna, and one brought species, Hyalomma asiaticum, parasitize domestic animals and wild mammals.
(12) Ecologic studies of small mammals in Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP) were conducted in 1974 in order to identify the specific habitats within the Lower Montane Forest that support Colorado tick fever (CTF) virus.
(13) Dictated by underlying physicochemical constraints, deceived at times by the lulling tones of the siren entropy, and constantly vulnerable to the vagaries of other more pervasive forms of biological networking and information transfer encoded in the genes of virus and invading microorganisms, protein biorecognition in higher life forms, and particularly in mammals, represents the finely tuned molecular avenues for the genome to transfer its information to the next generation.
(14) It encodes a homeobox gene closely related to the developmentally regulated homeotic genes of flies and mammals.
(15) Based on the fact that all hibernators, at their regulated minimal body temperature, display a uniform turnover rate, related to body weight, the hypothesis is developed that cold tolerance of mammals is generally limited by a common specific minimal metabolic rate, which larger organisms, because of their lower basal metabolism, already attain in less profound hypothermia.
(16) Based on morphological, virological, biochemical and molecular biological data, it is proposed that the presence of endogenous retrovirus particles in the placental cytotrophoblasts of many mammals is indicative of some beneficial action provided by the virus in relation to cell fusion, syncytiotrophoblast formation and the creation of the placenta.
(17) Thus, the possibility exists that androgen secretion in some chelonian systems may exhibit a high degree of LH specificity like that of mammals and birds.
(18) Chlorinated ethylenes are metabolized in mammals, as a first step, to epoxides.
(19) This agrees with previous ultrastructural observations that, in small mammals, neither basement membranes nor large connective tissue spaces are found inside enteric ganglia.
(20) In recent studies, we have found that Gal alpha 1----3Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc residues are abundant on red cells and nucleated cells of nonprimate mammals, prosimians, and New World monkeys, but their expression is diminished in Old World monkeys, apes, and humans.