What's the difference between flotation and supernatation?
Flotation
Definition:
(n.) The act, process, or state of floating.
(n.) The science of floating bodies.
Example Sentences:
(1) 5.53pm GMT MPs to seek answers from Royal Mail shareholders And finally, the House of Commons business committee plans to write to large investors in Royal Mail to ask for their views on the flotation of the postal service .
(2) The company, which claims to have more than 24 million users, a quarter of whom pay for its premium ad-free service, has a $200m credit line from lenders including Morgan Stanley, Deutsche Bank and Goldman Sachs, any of which could take the lead role in a flotation and earn millions in fees.
(3) This article gives a concise guide to the insertion of pulmonary arterial flotation catheters with the emphasis on points of safety that should minimize the risk to the patient.
(4) Appearing before the Business, Innovation and Skills committee, Richard Cormack of Goldman Sachs and James Robertson, managing director of UBS, were accused of botching the flotation and costing the taxpayers many millions of pounds.
(5) The specimens were mounted on a stainless steel plate with self-curing resin to prevent flotation, mechanical damage, and collapse of the cast specimens following preparation.
(6) Preparative isolation of lipid granules from the protoplasts of Candida tropicalis was conducted by a technique of flotation in a stepwise density gradient.
(7) This study investigates the effect of contrast medium on flotation of gallstones in bile and its role in stone and fragment dissolution with MTBE.
(8) HDL increased the flotation of apoAI to 12-fold and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) increased the flotation of apoCIII and apoE to 6.5- and 5.5-fold, respectively.
(9) Keratinocytes were isolated and prepared from the skin of neonatal rats by a trypsin flotation method.
(10) Five months after the £2.2bn flotation of the business he has aggressively built into Britain’s biggest sports retailer and three months after taking control of Newcastle United for £134m, Mike Ashley is sitting in the bar of London’s Four Seasons hotel in ripped jeans and a casual shirt.
(11) The helminthological diagnosis is based on the enrichment methods of flotation.
(12) Suspensions of enzymatically dispersed human lung parenchymal mast cells were fractionated according to density by flotation through discontinuous Percoll gradients and examined for their responsiveness to release stimulants and pharmacologic agonists.
(13) Stock market flotation raised £1.35bn, and this month Hayward, as Vallares's chief executive, announced that new shares worth a similar amount would be sold to finance a merger (technically, a reverse takeover) with a Turkish company, Genel Energy International, which holds rights to oil reserves in the Iraqi province of Kurdistan.
(14) The density distribution of the cells was determined by differential flotation on 20 mixtures of di-n-butyl and dimethyl phthalates with specific gravities of 1.062 to 1.142.
(15) By the use of chromatography on Sephadex G-200 and single analytic flotation, RIF was found to be contained in the beta-lipoprotein fraction.
(16) Stool specimens from a sample of schoolchildren at six schools in Kweneng District were examined for hookworm infection, using the brine flotation method.
(17) The latex-containing phagocytic vacuoles are isolated by flotation in a discontinuous sucrose gradient.
(18) Single cell suspensions have been prepared, by enzyme digestion, from the mouse preputial gland tumor and separated by flotation centrifugation into populations of different buoyant densities.
(19) In the Rhinocerotidae, the high density lipoprotein characteristic of the Equidae and Tapiridae was absent, and the plasma lipoproteins consisted of a complex group having beta mobility on electrophoresis and a flotation pattern usually associated with low density lipoprotein.
(20) Cryptosporidiosis was confirmed by zinc sulfate flotation of fecal specimens in four persons, three of whom had been responsible for the care and treatment of infected calves.
Supernatation
Definition:
(n.) The act of floating on the surface of a fluid.
Example Sentences:
(1) After stimulation with lipopolysaccharide and calcium ionophore A23187, culture supernatants of clones c18A and c29A showed cytotoxic activity against human melanoma A375 Met-Mix and other cell lines which were resistant to the tumor necrosis factor, lymphotoxin and interleukin 1.
(2) Stimulation is also observed with mixtures of APC expressing DPw3 and APC expressing A1, and likewise, DPw3+ APC become stimulatory when preincubated with supernatants from A1-positive cells.
(3) Gel filtration of the 40,000 rpm supernatant fraction of a homogenate of rat cerebral cortex on a Sepharose 6B column yielded two fractions: fraction II with the "Ca(2+) plus Mg(2+)-dependent" phosphodiesterase activity and fraction III containing its modulator.
(4) Control incubations revealed an inherent difference between the two substrates; gram-positive supernatants consistently contained 5% radioactivity, whereas even at 0 h, those from the gram-negative mutant released 22%.
(5) In fact, the addition of conditioned medium obtained by 48 hr preincubation of isolated monocytes with 10% PF-382 supernatant (M-CM2) or the concomitant addition of supernatant from PF-382 cells (PF-382-CM) and from unstimulated monocytes (M-CM1) are capable of fully replacing the presence of monocytes in the BFU-E assay.
(6) Stable factor-dependent B-cell hybridomas were used to monitor the purification of the growth factor from the supernatant of a clonotypically stimulated mouse helper T-cell clone.
(7) By contrast, the concentrations of IgA1 kappa and IgA1 lambda in PBMC culture supernatants, both spontaneous and PWM-stimulated, were identical in patients and controls.
(8) The 105 000 X g supernatant of the reaction mixture, which contained more than 85% of the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, did not inactivate the plasmid DNA.
(9) Insulin incubation of plasma membranes pretreated with protease inhibitors (leupeptin, phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride) or with exogenous trypsin, but not chymotrypsin substrates (esters of arginine and tyrosine) yields an inactive supernatant on PDH.
(10) Furthermore, exogenous IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, interferon-gamma, or a rat Con A supernatant failed to abrogate DFMO inhibition.
(11) Though no strict relationship could be observed between titers in the IH test and the time it took mice to die from the intravenous inoculation of mice (IIM test), results of the supernatants examined by both methods demonstrated that the IH test was more sensitive than the IIM one.
(12) The ratio of the metabolically produced Ic to Ib but not the total amount of N-oxygenated metabolites varied greatly depending of the liver microsomal fractions used in the incubation mixtures of Ia; more Ib was produced from Ia using 9000 g supernatant and conversely, more Ic was formed using the washed microsomes of the same liver.
(13) In healthy persons the supernatant of lymphocytes preincubated with PHA and ALG was found to show a stimulating effect to clonogenic properties of marrow progenitors, the mentioned effect being not in proportion to the concentration value.
(14) The particular advantage of the method described here is the ease with which the supernatants can be collected and transferred to counting vials with minimal handling of radioactive samples.
(15) Presence of LAF in the culture supernatants was assessed with the mouse thymocyte assay.
(16) Therefore, it appears that although IFN-alpha and IFN-beta are not responsible for the synergizing activity present in activated T cell supernatants, they nonetheless represent a previously unrecognized source of synergizing activity.
(17) When spleen cells were further cultured in vitro for 5 days in the presence of Concanavalin-A stimulated rat spleen cell supernatant (Con-A factor), CD4 or CD8 positive cells were detected in the VV (IL-6) injected group, while few positive cells were detected in the control groups.
(18) Strong protection was observed in animals vaccinated with 10 ml-equivalent doses of soluble, B. bovis exoantigen-containing supernatant fluids.
(19) Fractionation of the supernatant from ventral or dorsal hypothalamic homogenates resulted in a bimodal distribution of IR-TSH.
(20) The in vitro metabolism of strychnine was studied in the 9000g supernatant fractions from rat and rabbit livers.