What's the difference between fold and signature?

Fold


Definition:

  • (v. t.) To lap or lay in plaits or folds; to lay one part over another part of; to double; as, to fold cloth; to fold a letter.
  • (v. t.) To double or lay together, as the arms or the hands; as, he folds his arms in despair.
  • (v. t.) To inclose within folds or plaitings; to envelop; to infold; to clasp; to embrace.
  • (v. t.) To cover or wrap up; to conceal.
  • (v. i.) To become folded, plaited, or doubled; to close over another of the same kind; to double together; as, the leaves of the door fold.
  • (v.) A doubling,esp. of any flexible substance; a part laid over on another part; a plait; a plication.
  • (v.) Times or repetitions; -- used with numerals, chiefly in composition, to denote multiplication or increase in a geometrical ratio, the doubling, tripling, etc., of anything; as, fourfold, four times, increased in a quadruple ratio, multiplied by four.
  • (v.) That which is folded together, or which infolds or envelops; embrace.
  • (n.) An inclosure for sheep; a sheep pen.
  • (n.) A flock of sheep; figuratively, the Church or a church; as, Christ's fold.
  • (n.) A boundary; a limit.
  • (v. t.) To confine in a fold, as sheep.
  • (v. i.) To confine sheep in a fold.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Patient plasma samples demonstrated evidence of marked complement activation, with 3-fold elevations of C3a desArg concentrations by the 8th day of therapy.
  • (2) 5-Azacytidine (I) stability was increased approximately 10-fold over its stability in water or lactated Ringer injection by the addition of excess sodium bisulfite and the maintenance of pH approximately 2.5.
  • (3) Radioligand binding studies revealed the presence of a single class of high-affinity (Kd = 2-6 X 10(-10) M) binding sites for ET-1 in both cells, although the maximal binding capacity of cardiac receptor was about 6- to 12-fold greater than that of vascular receptor.
  • (4) The enzyme was solubilized by Triton X-100 and purified approximately 480-fold by gel filtration and affinity chromatography on alanine methyl ketone-AH-Sepharose 4B.
  • (5) The DNA untwisting enzyme has been purified approximately 300-fold from rat liver nuclei.
  • (6) IP3 increased 1.7-fold and IP2 1.6-fold after 20 and 40 s, respectively.
  • (7) Short incubations with heparin (5 min) caused a release of the enzyme into the media, while longer incubations caused a 2-8-fold increase in net lipoprotein lipase secretion which was maximal after 2-16 h depending on cell type, and persisted for 24 h. The effect of heparin was dose-dependent and specific (it was not duplicated by other glycosaminoglycans).
  • (8) The following conclusions emerge: (i) when the 3' or the 3' penultimate base of the oligonucleotide mismatched an allele, no amplification product could be detected; (ii) when the mismatches were 3 and 4 bases from the 3' end of the primer, differential amplification was still observed, but only at certain concentrations of magnesium chloride; (iii) the mismatched allele can be detected in the presence of a 40-fold excess of the matched allele; (iv) primers as short as 13 nucleotides were effective; and (v) the specificity of the amplification could be overwhelmed by greatly increasing the concentration of target DNA.
  • (9) Epicanthal folds were present in 46%, mongoloid slanting of the lids in 72% of cases.
  • (10) The estimated DNA compaction ratio (approximately 3-fold) is consistent with a significant degree of nucleosome unfolding in the hyperstimulated BR genes.
  • (11) Two hours after refeeding rats fasted for 48 h, ODC activity increased 40-fold in mucosa from the intact jejunum and 4-fold in the mucosa of the bypassed segments.
  • (12) Transfection of the treated DNA into SOS-induced spheroplasts results in an increase in mutagenesis as great as 50-fold.
  • (13) ACh released from the vesicular fraction was about 100-fold more than could be accounted for by miniature end-plate potentials; possible causes of this overestimate are discussed.
  • (14) In strains completely deleted for galR, the gene which encodes the Gal repressor, the operon is derepressed by only 10-fold without an inducer.
  • (15) The amount of water, creatinine, electrolytes, proteins, and enzymes were higher during the day (up to three fold, p always less than 0.05), while equal amounts of amino acids were excreted in the day and the night period.
  • (16) TNBS reacts to an extremely small extend with hemoglobin over the concentration range 0.4 to 4 mM whereas FDNB reacts with hemoglobin to a very large extent (50 fold more than TNBS).
  • (17) Rates of PC in vitro metabolism by liver and kidney cytosolic cysteine conjugate beta-lyases (beta-lyases) were similar, but metabolism by renal mitochondrial beta-lyase occurred at a 3-fold higher rate than the rate obtained with hepatic mitochondrial beta-lyase.
  • (18) Dietary factors affect intestinal P450s markedly--iron restriction rapidly decreased intestinal P450 to beneath detectable values; selenium deficiency acted similarly but was less effective; Brussels sprouts increased intestinal AHH activity 9.8-fold, ECOD activity 3.2-fold, and P450 1.9-fold; fried meat and dietary fat significantly increased intestinal EROD activity; a vitamin A-deficient diet increased, and a vitamin A-rich diet decreased intestinal P450 activities; and excess cholesterol in the diet increased intestinal P450 activity.
  • (19) On the other hand, if we correct for the population of HMM with degraded light chain 2, the difference in the binding constants in the presence and absence of Ca2+ may be as great as 5-fold.
  • (20) The gene, which is located at chromosome XIII, is transcribed as a mRNA of about 2.7 kilobases, and the amount of message has been found to increase 3- to 4-fold during the culture.

Signature


Definition:

  • (v. t.) A sign, stamp, or mark impressed, as by a seal.
  • (v. t.) Especially, the name of any person, written with his own hand, employed to signify that the writing which precedes accords with his wishes or intentions; a sign manual; an autograph.
  • (v. t.) An outward mark by which internal characteristics were supposed to be indicated.
  • (v. t.) A resemblance between the external characters of a disease and those of some physical agent, for instance, that existing between the red skin of scarlet fever and a red cloth; -- supposed to indicate this agent in the treatment of the disease.
  • (v. t.) The designation of the key (when not C major, or its relative, A minor) by means of one or more sharps or flats at the beginning of the staff, immediately after the clef, affecting all notes of the same letter throughout the piece or movement. Each minor key has the same signature as its relative major.
  • (v. t.) A letter or figure placed at the bottom of the first page of each sheet of a book or pamphlet, as a direction to the binder in arranging and folding the sheets.
  • (v. t.) The printed sheet so marked, or the form from which it is printed; as, to reprint one or more signatures.
  • (v. t.) That part of a prescription which contains the directions to the patient. It is usually prefaced by S or Sig. (an abbreviation for the Latin signa, imperative of signare to sign or mark).
  • (v. t.) To mark with, or as with, a signature or signatures.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Voters would have to collect the signatures of 10% of constituents to force a byelection.
  • (2) The end result of the post is a digital signature, signed by Nakamoto’s private key.
  • (3) Based on documents leaked by whistleblower Edward Snowden, the New York Times and ProPublica reported on Thursday that the Justice Department in 2012 permitted the NSA to use widespread surveillance authorities passed by Congress to stop terrorism and foreign espionage in order to find digital signatures associated with high-level cyber intrusions.
  • (4) A heavy smoker – “I once quit for four months … but why should I torture myself at my age?” – and outspoken supporter of gay marriage, the divorced and recently remarried father of two collected more than 4,000 signatures from Austrian public figures and celebrities during his presidential campaign.
  • (5) The applicant I had countersigned for had visited a GP surgery where she began talking to another patient who was there for a GP's signature on an application, for a fee of £20.
  • (6) Signing up Round-robin emails encouraging web users to sign e-petitions have attracted hundreds of thousands of signatures.
  • (7) This contract signature is not only great news for our armed forces, but demonstrates how the strong relationship between UK defence and our allies helps to ensure best value for the taxpayer.
  • (8) "It is rare to have such a prominent signature in a work of this date and it is one of only two of his series of paintings depicting windmills of Montmartre still in private hands."
  • (9) With 66,000 signatures on a petition after four days, immigration minister Peter Dutton cancelled Allen’s visa.
  • (10) But two key Liberal positions, on the Keystone XL and on emissions reductions targets, put Trudeau out of step with Obama, who has made climate change the signature issue of his second term in the White House.
  • (11) Le champ solaire d’une valeur de 23,7 millions de dollars était opérationnel à peine un an après la signature du contrat, n’en déplaise aux sceptiques qui remettaient en cause la capacité des Africains à mener à bien un projet rapidement.
  • (12) By the time she did so, it had attracted 213,000 signatures.
  • (13) The tech behemoth reported strong sales of its signature phone in its third-quarter financial report – fully 47.5m iPhones, up more than a third year-over-year, for a net revenue of $31.4bn.
  • (14) It was brought before parliament by a citizens’ initiative – a petition that has received at least 100,000 signatures – submitted by the hardline conservative advocacy group Ordo Iuris and the Stop Abortion coalition.
  • (15) The researchers identified three signatures of brain activity that corresponded to the different children's responses to the point-light displays.
  • (16) With a letter of no confidence already in circulation but only a small number of signatures so far, several MPs said on Monday that May was safe until summer – with colleagues desperate to get to the parliamentary recess and have a break.
  • (17) • The guitar, along with flamenco's signature cry of olé, are believed to be derived from early versions of the instruments brought by the Muslims to Spain.
  • (18) He was stunned and told me they were his signature.
  • (19) A government-ordered inquiry has questioned the benefits of Tony Abbott’s signature paid parental leave scheme and called for some of the funding to be diverted to early childhood education and care, saying it would have a greater impact on workforce participation.
  • (20) At such a juncture a writer can inject their own imagination to isolate them from the real world or maybe they can exaggerate the situation – making sure it is bold, vivid and has the signature of our real world.