What's the difference between forebrain and prosencephalon?
Forebrain
Definition:
(n.) The anterior of the three principal divisions of the brain, including the prosencephalon and thalamencephalon. Sometimes restricted to the prosencephalon only. See Brain.
Example Sentences:
(1) We assessed changes in brain water content, as reflected by changes in tissue density, during the early recirculation period following severe forebrain ischemia.
(2) To study these changes more thoroughly, specific monoclonal antibodies of the A and B subunits of calcineurin (protein phosphatase 2B) were raised, and regional alterations in the immunoreactivity of calcineurin in the rat hippocampus were investigated after a transient forebrain ischemic insult causing selective and delayed hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cell damage.
(3) The analogy with infant sleep patterns and results of studies of brain function in narcoleptics suggest that forebrain inhibitory processes are more important in narcoleptic symptomology than is brainstem dysfunction.
(4) Neural plate damage, expressed during a critical period of forebrain development, was evaluated 48 h post-insonation.
(5) This result contraindicates a general permissive-requisite role for forebrain NE for the mammalian brain's plasticity during its critical periods.
(6) Key findings include a progressive degeneration of these cholinergic neurons characterized by the formation of immunoreactively atypical NFT, the loss of intraneuronal lipofuscin, a lack of senile plaque and beta-amyloid deposition within the basal forebrain, and end-stage gliosis without residual extracellular NFT.
(7) The hypothalamus is a most complex part of the CNS having rich interconnections with forebrain, limbic and brainstem structures.
(8) Results suggest that the locomotor activating effects of CRF may be due to an activation of CRF receptors in the ventral forebrain, a region rich in CRF cell bodies and projections.
(9) Sixty days after 5,7-DHT administration, immunoreactive serotonin in the forebrain, particularly the suprachiasmatic nuclei and intergeniculate leaflets, was severely depleted in 16 animals, moderately depleted in four and only slightly affected in four.
(10) Twelve-hour polygraph recordings were made before and at various intervals after basal forebrain damage in a total of eight cats.
(11) Impairments of cognition and memory in AD result from disease of neurons in a number of regions, including brainstem, basal forebrain, amygdala, hippocampus, and neocortex.
(12) Patients with bilateral forebrain disease may commonly manifest the syndrome of pathologic laughing and weeping.
(13) Ovariectomized (OVXed) animals were implanted with chronic cannulas in the basal forebrain.
(14) Thus, neurons of the habenula and interpeduncular nucleus are under the direct and indirect influence of septal neurons within the limbic forebrain circuit.
(15) A detailed description is offered on supply of the nucleus preopticus medialis, lateralis, suprachiasmatis and periventricularis, as well as of the nucleus interstitialis striae criminalis and of the preoptic portion of the medical forebrain bundle.
(16) The regional distribution of forebrain neurons expressing preprocholecystokinin (preproCCK) mRNA was examined using in situ and blot hybridization analysis.
(17) Some LC neurones were activated trans-synaptically by stimulation of those forebrain sites which received axonal projections from LC.
(18) Other antidromically activated neurons in the vasodepressor region may be inhibitory vasomotor cells with a function relatively independent of baroreceptor inputs, or they may be A1 catecholamine neurons, with axons passing through the rostral medulla en route to the forebrain.
(19) Fewer, but still ample numbers, of SP-reactive axons are present also in the ventral tegmental and retrorubral areas of the midbrain tegmentum and in the ventral pallidum of the basal forebrain, but only sparse ME-reactive axons are present in these areas.
(20) 5-HT containing terminals and fibers also were observed in the mesencephalon and appeared to run rostrally in the medial part of the medial forebrain bundle.
Prosencephalon
Definition:
(n.) The anterior segment of the brain, including the cerebrum and olfactory lobes; the forebrain.
(n.) The cerebrum.
Example Sentences:
(1) We conclude that the alar plate of the prosencephalon at 7-10 stage is not definitively determined and may retain an ability to differentiate into the optic tectum, whereas the prospective fate of the rhombencephalon has already been determined at 7-10 stage.
(2) Enzymatic activities were determined in the prosencephalon of rats which had been exposed repeatedly for 8 hrs, either from the age of 1 to 17 days or in adulthood, to an altitude of 7,000 m in a barometric chamber (up to a total of 104 hrs).
(3) The many abnormalities result from an anomalous development of structures derived from the prosencephalon.
(4) Different regions of the prosencephalon and mesencephalon of the adult hamster brain displayed differences in the immunofluorescence expression of astrocytic proteins, namely glial fibrillary acidic protein and J1-31 antigen (30 kD protein).
(5) The prosencephalon, and primordium of the hypophysis were surgically removed from chick embryos at 33-38 hours of incubation.
(6) The emergence of the infundibulum is situated, at first, on the floor of the prosencephalon; Rathke's pouch appears as a vesicle without connection with any other structure.
(7) Significantly smaller volumes were also found for cerebellum, prosencephalon-mesencephalon unit, cerebral cortex, frontal cortex, parieto-occipitotemporal cortex, and hippocampus.
(8) In the first, the mid-mesencephalic vesicle or caudal mesencephalic vesicle alar plate (which is En protein-positive) was transplanted from a quail embryo into an En protein-negative region of chick neuroepithelium, the prosencephalon (mMP and cMP grafts, respectively).
(9) Characteristic patterns were found for the shape of the prosencephalon and for the insular, parietooccipital, and frontal cortex in the aboriginal group.
(10) The expression domains of the three genes in the developing prosencephalon coincide with anatomical boundaries, particularly apparent in the diencephalon.
(11) On PND 7-16 serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels decreased in the prosencephalon and cerebellum-pons of offspring exposed prenatally (P) or postnatally (15,25) to SAD.
(12) Correlation analyses of the GI with age, body weight, body length, brain weight and volume of the prosencephalon and the cortex show no significant results.
(13) In the rat prosencephalon it proved possible to differentiate lysosomal ribonuclease from alkaline ribonuclease activity, which could be detected only in the presence of p-chlormercuribenzoate.
(14) The perinatal development of anterior commissure projections was studied in hamsters by use of carbocyanine crystals implanted either into the commissure or into the ventrolateral prosencephalon.
(15) The tela choroidea of the prosencephalon in sheep is vascularized by an anterior choroidal artery arising from the rostral branch of the carotid cerebral artery and by a posterior choroidal artery, arising from the caudal cerebral artery, branch of the carotidobasilar system.
(16) Based on these observations a description is given of the neuromeres present within the prosencephalon and of the termination of the sulcus limitans.
(17) On E13 the first dopaminergic cells are detected in the ventral prosencephalon.
(18) Transplantation of a piece of the alar plate of the prosencephalon or of the rhombencephalon of quail embryos into the roof of the mesencephalon of chick embryos was carried out at 7-10 somite stage.
(19) Treatment decreased the developmental levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the prosencephalon (forebrain) and cerebellum-pons of the offspring on postnatal days (PND) 7 and 7-16, respectively.
(20) The syndromatic form has been named "XK-aprosencephaly", and is characterized by near total absence of prosencephalon with a midline oculofacial defect similar to the most severe forms of holoprosencephaly, in association with limb and genital anomalies.