What's the difference between fortification and redoubt?

Fortification


Definition:

  • (n.) The act of fortifying; the art or science of fortifying places in order to defend them against an enemy.
  • (n.) That which fortifies; especially, a work or works erected to defend a place against attack; a fortified place; a fortress; a fort; a castle.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The top of the fence can also be manipulated in certain ways such as including curvature outward at the top of the fence to make scaling it much more difficult for most.” Some critics, including Washington DC congressional delegate Eleanor Holmes Norton, have warned against excessive fortification, but the report argues: “We recognise all the competing considerations that may go into questions regarding the fence, but believe that protection of the President and the White House must be the higher priority.” “Every additional second of response time provided by a fence that is more difficult to climb makes a material difference in ensuring the President’s safety and protecting the symbol that is the White House.” The panel also urges that a new head of secret service, to replace ousted head Julia Pierson, be brought in from outside the agency, ensuring it is better staffed and trained in future.
  • (2) It is concluded that vitamin-D deficiency in Asian immigrants could be substantially reduced by fortification of chupatty flour with vitamin D.
  • (3) Accuracy, measured by comparison with fortification values, averaged 95% and ranged from 79 to 103%.
  • (4) In Terezín itself, I saw for myself the buildings, roads and fortifications shown in the artists' works.
  • (5) We conducted a randomized double-blind trial of a cow's milk infant formula with increased iron fortification in order to confirm its safety and to measure its effects on iron status and immune function.
  • (6) Accordingly, such fortification should be used in selected situations only, rather than as a routine nursery policy.
  • (7) Adequate exposure to summer sunlight is the essential means to ample supply, but oral intake augmented by both fortification and supplementation is necessary to maintain baseline stores.
  • (8) Results for commercial preparations obtained by the proposed procedure demonstrate excellent precision and accuracy with RSD values for replicate analysis ranging from 0.11 to 0.74% and recoveries via fortification from 99.6 to 100.1%.
  • (9) Fortification of wheat flour by 0.3% lysine resulted in better growth of rats when fed at 6% protein level.
  • (10) For each fortification level, the means of recovery yield were in the range 56-107%, and were independent of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon congener specificity and the operator's capability.
  • (11) Fortification of commercial blood meal with isoleucine did not improve much its quality.
  • (12) Fortification levels ranged from 0.02 to 1.2 ppm for alpha-BHC, lindane, cis- and trans-chlordane, octachlor epoxide, o,p'- and p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, p,p'-TDE, hexachlorobenzene, heptachlor epoxide, dieldrin, endrin, methoxychlor, mirex, and toxaphene.
  • (13) In the trust’s book, Syria: Media Citadels between East and West , Julia Gonnella describes how the sixth-century fortification failed to become a place of long-term refuge and settlement because of a lack of clean water.
  • (14) To combat vitamin deficiencies in populations whose dietary staple is maize, the fortification of maize meal with riboflavin and nicotinamide has been recommended.
  • (15) Following ugly scenes on the Serbian-Hungarian border on Wednesday when Hungarian security forces used tear gas, water cannon and rubber bullets on desperate people pressed up against Budapest’s new razor-wire border fortifications, the focus shifted on Thursday to Croatia.
  • (16) The study included fortification of tissue by each laboratory and analysis of fat samples taken from treated heifers which had endogenous levels of 0, 10, and 20 ppb melengestrol acetate.
  • (17) These infants received Fe mainly from fortification Fe with beikost (75-86%) and less than 10% met the recommended intake of 1 mg.kg-1.d-1; whereas 80-85% of the infants fed the Fe-fortified formula did.
  • (18) There was no evidence that vitamin fortification of the modified medium had any significant effect on the growth rate of test organism.
  • (19) Samples consisted of 3 Great Lakes channel catfish homogenates containing different levels of bioincurred 2,3,7,8-TCDD; 1 of these was prepared in duplicate and another was prepared both with and without standard 2,3,7,8-TCDD fortification for a total of 5 samples per set.
  • (20) A targeted, double-blind controlled iron fortification trial using Fe(111)-EDTA in masala (curry powder) was directed towards an Fe-deficient Indian population for 2 y.

Redoubt


Definition:

  • (n.) A small, and usually a roughly constructed, fort or outwork of varying shape, commonly erected for a temporary purpose, and without flanking defenses, -- used esp. in fortifying tops of hills and passes, and positions in hostile territory.
  • (n.) In permanent works, an outwork placed within another outwork. See F and i in Illust. of Ravelin.
  • (v. t.) To stand in dread of; to regard with fear; to dread.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) I've spent a most enjoyable evening with the redoubtable Professor Elemental, who as you know is not averse to a bit of fisticuffs himself .
  • (2) Timpson paid a warm tribute to Gwyneth Dunwoody as a "remarkable and redoubtable MP".
  • (3) Led by the redoubtable Frances O'Grady, the TUC's stentorian No 2, a succession of union leaders and VIPs addressed the throng in time-honoured fashion.
  • (4) If they were releasing their debuts today, it is likely that such redoubtable cash cows as U2, Bruce Springsteen and Queen would have been dropped after their first albums failed to become huge hits.
  • (5) Shulman bristled, but he rarely enjoyed going further than the Hurlingham club in Fulham, west London, where he was a redoubtable exponent of tennis.
  • (6) There are now Labour MPs in such renowned lefty redoubts as Kensington and Canterbury .
  • (7) It offered a large desk, warmth, quiet and books presided over by the redoubtable Mary Walton.
  • (8) Sanders nevertheless vowed to fight on after doing better than many supporters had feared, and breaking out of his New England redoubt for the first time with wins in four states and a close second in Massachusetts.
  • (9) His concern over the number of younger people, most of them with barely any memory of the Troubles, coincides with claims by loyalist political veterans that youth in working-class Protestant redoubts have become radicalised and politicised through these disputes.
  • (10) One of them, an LTTE bomb-maker now in hiding, denied reports that Tiger cadres forcibly held Tamil civilians in their last redoubt.
  • (11) One star performer, at least, is in the vicinity, in the form of Ruth Davidson , the redoubtable leader of the Scottish Conservative and Unionist party.
  • (12) For depression it is: in common with the redoubtable Jonathan Portes of the National Institute of Economic and Social Affairs I have regarded the term depression appropriate to a situation where output continues to remain well below its previous peak, let alone the 15% or so by which it is below what the historical trend would indicate.
  • (13) There are plenty: in the three months up to February 1989, five commercial jets were damaged by ash clouds from Redoubt volcano in Alaska, while of 60 aircraft that were damaged in ash clouds in the 12 years to 1993, seven airliners, carrying more than 2,000 people, suffered dramatic engine failure.
  • (14) The historic frontier city is one of the last remaining redoubts of polio, the virus that cripples and kills children and which has been eradicated in every country except Pakistan, Afghanistan and Nigeria .
  • (15) And Julian Assange sits within the four walls of his embassy redoubt, persecuted for the crime of publishing.
  • (16) Run on a shoestring from a few rooms above a dentist's office in Culiacán, Río Doce is one of the last redoubts of investigative journalism on the frontline of Mexico's drug wars that have killed more than 50,000 people since President Felipe Calderón launched his crackdown on organised crime five years ago.
  • (17) Iraqi forces, backed by Shia militias and US airstrikes, have launched a operation to retake Falluja from Islamic State , which has used the city as a redoubt within reach of Baghdad for more than two years.
  • (18) These Thatcherite Tories may all be notionally signed up to tackling the deficit and shrinking the state, but ideological theory is now trumped by the impulse to defend ministerial redoubts and guard personal reputations.
  • (19) It could be Witherow, but he can't do it from his Sunday redoubt, because the Sunday Times , in strict cash terms, is the ripest target for integration savings.
  • (20) This real ale redoubt for dissenting Village drinkers serves six cask ales (from local outfits such as Little Valley, Beartown, Dunham Massey, etc), two craft keg beers from Bury's Outstanding and a short, solid list of imported bottled beers, including Flying Dog's Raging Bitch and Brooklyn Black Chocolate Stout.