(1) Results of tests on 4 mammalian, 19 reptilian, and 17 avian species confirmed the prediction that lack of optomotor response to monocular optokinetic stimulation in one of the two horizontal directions would correlate with afoveate retinal organization, whereas consistent optomotor responses to monocular stimulation in either horizontal direction would correlate with foveate organization.
(2) On the other hand, a recent hypothetical model of the defective oculomotor system producing congenital nystagmus emphasizes that the time constant of the (increasing velocity) slow-phase eye movements should represent a useful parameter in the quantification of the surgical effects, since it is related to the potential good visual acuity of the patients in the presence of nystagmic cycles with extended foveation.
(3) Recent neurophysiological studies have disclosed that the nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) in the pretectum is the first relay station responsible for horizontal optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) both in non-foveate and foveate animals.
(4) This behavioral difference suggests that a distinctive mechanism exists for foveating targets.
(5) These characteristics indicated that the visually evoked saccades subserving foveation had increased gain, and were modelled by computer simulations using a sampled-data control model with increased feed-forward gain.
(6) If PRL acquire the foveal characteristic of a retino-motor center then visually guided saccades would acquire the properties of foveating saccades.
(7) Saccadic amplitude was reduced, causing the monkeys' initial attempt to fall short of foveating the target.
(8) Saslow and others have shown that the latency of foveating saccades can be altered by changing the offset time of the current fixation point relative to the onset of the peripheral target.
(9) The waveform and precision of foveation were not found to be related to any one classification group (eg.
(10) We also found that with an illuminated background the total time required to foveate the target was shorter than when the background was dark.
(11) As a result, the visual cortical model carries out foveation responses to input stimuli that require the dynamic conjunction and discrimination of form, color, and location for successful performance.
(12) We developed several methods to accurately measure the dynamics of foveation in CN; their use is illustrated on an individual with typical idiopathic CN and no afferent defects.
(13) Foveating saccades have a shorter initiation latency and are faster than non-foveating saccades.
(14) The relations depend on whether the stimulus is the target for a foveating saccade, or is the cue for an "anti" saccade which peripheralizes the retinal image of the cue: (1) at scotopic luminances the differences between foveating and anti saccades are diminished, largely because foveation is the more severely affected.
(15) Latencies for pure rod and pure cone inputs obey Piéron's law in much the same manner as foveating saccades, except that latencies are somewhat longer.
(16) While foveation deletes their neural trace, it activates a class of cells that appear involved in the preparation of arm movements towards the foveated region.
(17) With the head in motion, vestibuloocular reflex (VOR) data showed eye velocities during these foveation periods that approximation head velocity.
(18) In the first task ('Instructed'), maintenance of gaze fixation was based on verbal instruction, whereas, in the second task ('Non-instructed'), it was based upon a foveating mechanism maintained by sensory stimulation during the performance of a categorization task.
(19) This cortical area contains the neural substrate of an encoding strategy for remembered or current events and objects in the behavioural surround that are not, as yet, foveated.
(20) Non-foveating saccades include other FEMs such as nystagmus quick phase, saccades without visual stimuli and visually-directed saccades that direct target images to eccentric retina.
Pitted
Definition:
(imp. & p. p.) of Pit
(a.) Marked with little pits, as in smallpox. See Pit, v. t., 2.
(v. t.) Having minute thin spots; as, pitted ducts in the vascular parts of vegetable tissue.
Example Sentences:
(1) When compared with nonspecialized regions of the cell membranes, these contact sites were characterized by a decreased intercellular distance, subplasmalemmal densities and coated pits.
(2) Interaction of viable macrophages with cationic particles at 37 degrees C resulted in their "internalization" within vesicles and coated pits and a closer apposition between many segments of plasmalemma than with neutral or anionic substances.
(3) Both types of oral cleft, cleft palate (CP) and cleft lip with or without CP (CLP), segregate in these families together with lower lip pits or fistulae in an autosomal dominant mode with high penetrance estimated to be K = .89 and .99 by different methods.
(4) The potential use of ancrod, a purified isolate from the venom of the Malaysian pit viper, Agkistrodon rhodostoma, in decreasing the frequency of cyclic flow variations in severely stenosed canine coronary arteries and causing thrombolysis of an acute coronary thrombus induced by a copper coil was evaluated.
(5) On land, the pits' stagnant pools of water become breeding grounds for dengue fever and malaria.
(6) Demonstration of low levels of Pit-1 expression in Ames dwarf (df) mice implies that both Pit-1 and df expression may be required for pituitary differentiation.
(7) At 4 degrees C or after fixation, anti-renal tubular brush border vesicle (BBV) IgG bound diffusely to the surface of GEC and to coated pits.
(8) A cell with a large Golgi apparatus and associated cytoplasmic granules resembles the pit cell described in the liver of a few other vertebrates.
(9) Pitting corrosion was seen on low-resistant Ni-Cr alloys, which had less Cr content.
(10) This brings lads like 12-year-old Matthew Mason down from the magnificent studio his father Mark, from a coal-mining town ravaged by pit closures, lovingly built him in the back garden at Gants Hill, north-east London.
(11) Stonehenge stood at the heart of a sprawling landscape of chapels, burial mounds, massive pits and ritual shrines, according to an unprecedented survey of the ancient grounds.
(12) Freeze fracture analysis confirmed the integrity of the tight junctions as well as increased numbers of vesicles or pits along the lateral cell membrane, indicating increased endocytotic activity.
(13) Likewise, the cost of emptying these pits can be high.
(14) Bifid uvula, preauricular pits, and abnormal palmar creases were also slightly more common in the patients, but the differences were not statistically significant.
(15) Hypertrophic fibrous astrocytes were common in chronic active lesions, were capable of myelin degradation and on occasion, contained myelin debris attached to clathrin-coated pits.
(16) A mother and daughter both presented at age 5 years with the triad of right-sided congenital cholesteatoma, right preauricular pits, and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss.
(17) In addition, the perfusion method in this experiment suggested the possibility of distinguishing pinocytotic vesicles from pits of cell membranes.
(18) Performance pay pitting teachers against each other just does not work - we are not in favour of that,” Merlino said.
(19) Both larval stages had an inner circle of 6 labial papillae, an outer circle of 6 labial papillae and 4 somatic papillae, and lateral amphidial pits.
(20) The country’s other attractions include a burning pit at “the door to hell” in the Darvaza crater, and rarely seen stretches of the silk road, the region’s ancient trade route.