(n.) The act of breaking, or state of being broken, especially by violence.
(n.) A portion; a fragment.
(n.) One or more aliquot parts of a unit or whole number; an expression for a definite portion of a unit or magnitude.
(v. t.) To separate by means of, or to subject to, fractional distillation or crystallization; to fractionate; -- frequently used with out; as, to fraction out a certain grade of oil from pretroleum.
Example Sentences:
(1) The fraction of the viral dose which became cell associated was independent of the incubation temperature and increased with increasing target membrane concentration.
(2) We similarly evaluated the ability of other phospholipids to form stable foam at various concentrations and ethanol volume fractions and found: bovine brain sphingomyelin greater than dipalmitoyl 3-sn-phosphatidylcholine greater than egg sphingomyelin greater than egg lecithin greater than phosphatidylglycerol.
(3) As far as acrophase table is concerned for all enzymes and fractions the acrophase occurred during the night.
(4) The half-life of 45Ca in the various calcium fractions of both types of bone was 72 hours in both the control and malnourished groups except the calcium complex portion of the long bone of the control group, which was about 100 hours.
(5) Gel filtration of the 40,000 rpm supernatant fraction of a homogenate of rat cerebral cortex on a Sepharose 6B column yielded two fractions: fraction II with the "Ca(2+) plus Mg(2+)-dependent" phosphodiesterase activity and fraction III containing its modulator.
(6) Using the oocyte system to express size-fractionated mRNA, we have also determined that the mRNA coding for this protein is between 1.9-2.4 kilobases in length.
(7) It is possible that the high level of radiolabeled phospholipid found in the plasma membrane arose via the de novo pathway following the cleavage of an acyl group as we have found cytidine diphosphocholine phosphotransferase in the plasma membrane fraction (Wang, P., DeChatelet, L.R., and Waite, M. (1977) Biochim.
(8) Their effects on various lipid fractions, viz., triglycerides (TG), phospholipids, free cholesterol, and esterified cholesterol, were studied in liver, plasma, gonads, and muscle.
(9) The cis isomer was retained longer in liver, particularly in mitochondria, but had low retention in that portion of the endoplasmic reticulum isolated as the rough membrane fraction.
(10) However, about one-third of the melanomas showed a higher surviving fraction at 2.0 Gy than the highest value measured for the other tumors.
(11) Further subfractionation disclosed that the acetyltransferase activity was most enriched in the Golgi fraction, in which its specific activity was some ninefold greater than in the total homogenate.
(12) This observation not only provides definitive evidence for the photogeneration of O2-, but also indicates that only a fraction of this species is transformed into H2O2 in the absence of SOD.
(13) The highest antishock effect of dopamine is reached when cardiac output fraction addressed to thoracic region vitals is supported by dopamine on the 43-45% level.
(14) However, ejection fraction or VCF were higher in patients with a reduction of compliance than in patients with an increase of compliance.
(15) Eight other children (20%) had normal or borderline elevation of CPK-MB fraction and EKG abnormalities combined with abnormal echocardiograms or radionuclide angiograms, and were considered to have sustained cardiac concussion.
(16) Thus there may be four types of LPS in PACI: one contains unsubstituted core polysaccharide and yields L2 on acid hydrolysis, another has short antigenic side-chains of the SR type and yields the LI fraction, while the two high molecular weight fractions are derived from core polysaccharides with different side-chains.
(17) ACh released from the vesicular fraction was about 100-fold more than could be accounted for by miniature end-plate potentials; possible causes of this overestimate are discussed.
(18) P2 is a cytoplasmic protein, while P1 largely fractionates with the membrane.
(19) In vitro studies showed that BOF-A2 was rapidly degraded to EM-FU and CNDP in homogenates of the liver and small intestine of mice and rats, and in sera of mice, rats and human, and the conversion of EM-FU to 5-FU occurred only in the microsomal fraction of rat liver in the presence of NADPH.
(20) Many examples are given to demonstrate the applications of these programs, and special emphasis has been laid on the problem of treating a point in tissue with different doses per fraction on alternate treatment days.
Potentiometer
Definition:
(n.) An instrument for measuring or comparing electrial potentials or electro-motive forces.
Example Sentences:
(1) The system involves computer analysis and graphic display of vectors created from rotational and linear potentiometers that are activated by listeners using a hand-held pointer as they track an acoustic event.
(2) Potentiometer settings offer variations in dosing schedules, distribution volumes as well as in absorption and elimination rate constants.
(3) By manipulation of two simple potentiometer controls, any temperature gradient between 0 and 50 C could be obtained.
(4) The lower strip (D, displacement of the handle) was moved in proportion to angular displacement of the handle by a potentiometer coupled to the handle axis.
(5) Subjects were asked to compensate this geometrical distortion by adjusting a potentiometer.
(6) The instrument is designed to adjust to trunk movement that might occur in the sagittal and coronal planes while transmitting the torque that results from rotation in the horizontal plane directly to the active potentiometer of the electrogoniometer.
(7) When there is a modification in frequency at the onset of the placing reaction relative to activity during the unloading reaction, the beginning of this change occurs after the onset of the movement as recorded by a potentiometer placed at the elbow joint.
(8) We present the design of an instrumentation biopotential amplifier that, (a) combines the ac coupling and high input impedance of an ac-coupled buffer with the CMRR of a simple differential amplifier or a monolithic instrumentation amplifier, (b) improves the CMRR by using a potentiometer without requiring either precision resistors or high-CMRR op amps, (c) illustrates how to calculate the CMRR for differential-input stages for either differential output or single-ended output.
(9) The device used to apply electrical current to the heart was constructed using a 9-volt battery, a push-button switch, and a 100-ohm potentiometer with calibrated dial.
(10) twisting of the forearms were transduced linearly by foam-cushioned clamps at the wrists and a potentiometer into a direct current of 0-2,7 V, respectively.
(11) The series resistance value, obtained very quickly by the method described, may be used in setting the compensation potentiometer to offset this resistance in voltage-clamp measurements.
(12) The course of the titration is followed potentiometrically with a glass and calomel electrode coupled and recorded automatically with a suitable registration potentiometer.
(13) Specifically, potentiometers and Hall effect sensors, capacitive force transducers, inductive displacement transducers (LVDTs), and various position resolvers are discussed.
(14) A potentiometer strapped to the knee recorded the angle of the joint, the output signal being displayed on an oscilloscope.
(15) By recording the rotation of the hinges using potentiometers, the position of the end-point of the palpator can be calculated.
(16) The translational scanning action is sensed by a position potentiometer and combines with the ultrasonic B-mode echoes to produce a cross-sectional image of the wall.
(17) By installing the two potentiometers on the pantographic arm and electrical switches, the position of the test target and the setting of the four levers which defines the size and the brightness of the test target were transferred directly to the computer.
(18) It includes a probe pack, a measuring pack and an automatic potentiometer.
(19) Continuous recording of excursion related to joint motion was obtained using a rotary potentiometer and an electrogoniometer.
(20) Two rating scales, a seven-stepped non-verbal scale on a Pain-Track logger, and a 100-mm VAS on a potentiometer, were found valid for continuous recording of itch.