(v. t.) To make fresh; to separate, as water, from saline ingredients; to make less salt; as, to freshen water, fish, or flesh.
(v. t.) To refresh; to revive.
(v. t.) To relieve, as a rope, by change of place where friction wears it; or to renew, as the material used to prevent chafing; as, to freshen a hawse.
(v. i.) To grow fresh; to lose saltness.
(v. i.) To grow brisk or strong; as, the wind freshens.
Example Sentences:
(1) A 40-day adaptation of crabs to the freshened sea water results in an increase of maximal activity of Na,K-ATPase, but does not affect the enzyme affinity for ATP, Na+, K+, Mg2+ and ouabain, as well as its cooperative properties.
(2) The zesty, citrus whiff of oranges freshens up the January kitchen, drawing a line under heavy celebratory food, and lighting up the virtuous, but enticing path to a lighter, healthier diet.
(3) Heritability estimates, by year of freshening of daughter, were obtained from daughter-dam and granddaughter-granddam regressions using 61,482 triply matched first lactations of artificially sired Holstein cows obtained from the Northeast Dairy Records Processing Laboratory.
(4) One freshener contained sodium bisulfite and was used on one portion of lettuce.
(5) Children play on a concrete barrier freshened up by graffiti of a butterfly with pink wings, once a piece of the Berlin Wall.
(6) The fresheners were prepared and the lettuce was treated according to label instructions.
(7) Admittedly West Brom were obliging opponents and Tony Pulis shouldered the blame for not freshening his side up after last Monday’s 3-0 victory over Chelsea.
(8) Optimum freshening weight of a first calf heifer to maximize first lactation milk yield is between 544 and 567 kg.
(9) Group 1 included cows that were less than 6 wk from freshening when the experiment started and, therefore, received only one vaccination and cows that received two vaccinations with less than 5 days between the second vaccination and freshening.
(10) As there were few new records being released that fitted the style he wanted to play, he began re-editing old ones to freshen them up, splicing tape to make their instrumental passages longer, or snatches of vocal repeat over and over again, adding new sounds, playing them in the club with a drum machine underneath them to alter the sound of the beat: at first, he used the rhythm settings on a home organ – the mind boggles a bit as to what that must have sounded like – but soon moved on to the Roland TR-909 .
(11) In the wake of Convergence, a giant crossover that briefly sucked all its comics into an alternate universe, DC has just launched a splurge of new titles to freshen up its line.
(12) This prospective clinical trial concerns Paparella II ventilation tubes and demonstrated that (a) extracting (pulling) a tube from the tympanic membrane gives a 6-month perforation rate of 20%, (b) excising (freshening) the edge of the defect at the time of removal decreases the 6-month perforation rate to 3%, and (c) excising the edge significantly accelerates the healing of the tympanic membrane.
(13) The major current contributors to indoor odorants are human occupant odors (body odor), environmental tobacco smoke, volatile building materials, bio-odorants (particularly mold and animal-derived materials), air fresheners, deodorants, and perfumes.
(14) More recently I have campaigned against so-called “air fresheners” which pump out noxious fumes in an effort to cover everyday smells.
(15) A case is reported of a keratocyst treated by radical curettage with subsequent freshening of adjacent bone with a bur.
(16) In 2003, experts reported that the north Atlantic waters were freshening, with salt levels decreasing – a mild version of the scenario depicted in the Hollywood film The Day After Tomorrow where massive amounts of fresh water shut down warm ocean currents and cause temperatures to plunge.
(17) "Dawn freshens, her climb is done," intones the narrator, as Night Mail steams out of the darkness and into Scotland.
(18) Asked if 37-year-old breakfast DJ Chris Moyles, recently reported to have signed a new two-year deal with the station, was hindering a shift to a younger audience, Liddiment said: "It did freshen up its presenting team immediately after the trust review – a number of people left the station and a number of new people came.
(19) Whole blood and milk samples were obtained from heifers and a group of control cows 2 weeks prior to (blood only), at the time of, and 2 and 4 weeks after freshening.
(20) It was therefore proposed that an active muscle flap taken from the anterior part of the deltoid muscle (part III according to Fick) should be used to span the trophic defect in the rotator cuff, being sutured into healthy tissue following freshening up.
Saline
Definition:
(a.) Consisting of salt, or containing salt; as, saline particles; saline substances; a saline cathartic.
(a.) Of the quality of salt; salty; as, a saline taste.
(a.) A salt spring; a place where salt water is collected in the earth.
(n.) A crude potash obtained from beet-root residues and other similar sources.
(n.) A metallic salt; esp., a salt of potassium, sodium, lithium, or magnesium, used in medicine.
Example Sentences:
(1) All rats were examined in the conscious, unrestrained state 12 wk after induction of diabetes or acidified saline (pH 4.5) injection.
(2) These studies led to the following conclusions: (a) all the prominent NHP which remain bound to DNA are also present in somewhat similar proportions in the saline-EDTA, Tris, and 0.35 M NaCl washes of nuclei; (b) a protein comigrating with actin is prominent in the first saline-EDTA wash of nuclei, but present as only a minor band in the subsequent washes and on washed chromatin; (c) the presence of nuclear matrix proteins in all the nuclear washes and cytosol indicates that these proteins are distributed throughout the cell; (d) a histone-binding protein (J2) analogous to the HMG1 protein of K. V. Shooter, G.H.
(3) The third route was quantitated by its sensitivity to probenecid and its activity was increased in saline buffers and upon addition of glucose and was inhibited by oligomycin.
(4) Naloxone injection into those rats exposed to constant illumination significantly increased hypothalamic levels of beta-endorphin compared to saline injected controls.
(5) "Acoustic" craters were produced by two laser pulses delivered into a saline-filled metal fiber cap, which was placed in a mechanically drilled crater.
(6) Differences between the albino vs pigmented strains were observed following injections of saline.
(7) The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pretreatment with indomethacin on the refractory period to hypertonic saline-induced bronchoconstriction.
(8) When caffeine evokes a contraction, and only then, crayfish muscle fibers become refractory to a second challenge with caffeine for up to 20 min in the standard saline (5 mM K(o)).
(9) Hypertonic saline infusion induced significant (P less than 0.05) increases in serum Na and Cl concentrations and osmolality, whereas ISS induced a significant increase in serum Cl concentration and a significant decrease in serum phosphorus concentration.
(10) In a double-blind trial, 50 patients with subcostal incisions performed for cholecystectomy or splenectomy, received 10 ml of either 0.5% bupivacaine plain or physiological saline twice daily by wound perfusion through an indwelling drainage tube for 3 days after operation.
(11) Guanabenz is acutely natriuretic and diuretic in saline expanded animals.
(12) G-17-I infusion, the stomach was continuously infused with isotonic saline.
(13) From comparative in vitro tests in air, fat, water, and saline it was concluded that only tests in fat or air represent the worst case condition after implantation.
(14) Different groups of animals received 3 doses of 10 ng LH-RH or saline prior to a single 50 ng LH-RH injection.
(15) Saline-injected controls started gathering the pups immediately and usually showed all elements of maternal behaviour within 10 min.
(16) The CI treatment induced almost full protection against these behavioral effects of saline stress but DS treatment was ineffective.
(17) Halothane variably increased the current produced (and therefore the estimated oxygen tension) at all polarizing voltages in saline solution equilibrated with either N2 or air.
(18) Liquid-dominated hydrothermal reservoirs, which contain saline fluids at high temperatures and pressures, have a significant potential for contamination of the environment by heavy metals.
(19) Ultrasound diagnosis could be aided by transabdominal amnio-infusion and, if necessary, fetal intraperitoneal saline installation.
(20) But for the mid Atlantic, the models showed that only human-driven global warming could explain the increase in saltiness – the first time such an explicit link has been made between climate change and salinity.