What's the difference between fringe and penumbra?

Fringe


Definition:

  • (v. t.) To adorn the edge of with a fringe or as with a fringe.
  • (n.) The peristome or fringelike appendage of the capsules of most mosses. See Peristome.
  • (n.) An ornamental appendage to the border of a piece of stuff, originally consisting of the ends of the warp, projecting beyond the woven fabric; but more commonly made separate and sewed on, consisting sometimes of projecting ends, twisted or plaited together, and sometimes of loose threads of wool, silk, or linen, or narrow strips of leather, or the like.
  • (n.) Something resembling in any respect a fringe; a line of objects along a border or edge; a border; an edging; a margin; a confine.
  • (n.) One of a number of light or dark bands, produced by the interference of light; a diffraction band; -- called also interference fringe.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Fringe 2009 also welcomes back Aussie standup Jim Jeffries , whose jokes include: "Women to me are like public toilets.
  • (2) The fringe of the seizure ("borderland of epilepsy") is briefly delineated.
  • (3) This means the work of the giant but highly disciplined RSS, as well as smaller fringe groups such as the Bajrang Dal, can be critical.
  • (4) We show that over a limited range of high spatial frequencies this noise takes on a striated appearance, with the striations running perpendicular to the true fringe orientation.
  • (5) One or two young fringe players may go out on loan but that will almost certainly be that.
  • (6) A rowdy fringe took to raiding liquor stores, spraying graffiti and flaunting marijuana.
  • (7) They live in the shadows, on the fringes of Australian society.
  • (8) This kind of audience investment is one of the reasons why James Baker's 30 Days to Space , at the Edinburgh 2010 forest fringe, proved so fascinating.
  • (9) A further parametric investigation of the conductivity effect revealed that conductivity boundaries may significantly modify the MEF due to neuronal currents located within 1 mm of a conductivity boundary, as would be the case for active neurons near an edema, an anoxic fringe such as might occur during stroke, or a ventricle in the human head.
  • (10) When the highly crystalline core contents are suitably oriented to transmit their Bragg reflections through the objective aperture, regular fringes separated by 2-9.5 A have been visualized.
  • (11) But when they show up in Manchester at lunchtime on Tuesday to take part in a Conservative conference fringe meeting entitled Challenges for the EU in 2010, they may find themselves under the kind of scrutiny they rarely face at home.
  • (12) "They're just asymmetric – one goes up more than the other," and she pulls back her fringe to show me.
  • (13) Then again, any show attracting reviews as bad as Celtic have had in the last week would be lucky to survive any longer at the Festival and this performance has left them on the fringes of European football.
  • (14) Textures observed include spherulites with Maltese crosses, striated and highly colored ribbons, whorls of periodic interference fringes, and colored flakes.
  • (15) The retinal visual acuity of 198 cataractous eyes was tested with interference-fringes and compared with the post-operative visual acuity.
  • (16) "We have done it very cheaply anyway and are not performing for long, but I do know people who have been put off by the intensely commercial atmosphere of the fringe."
  • (17) Regardless of fringe rucks, these protests are more likely to lay the ground for wider public and industrial campaigns than frighten them off.
  • (18) I had more fun with Matt Winning , delivering a silly set on the Free Fringe imagining himself the son of Robert Mugabe.
  • (19) The two games on this trip will not have helped a great deal, other than made it harder for some fringe players to force their way into contention.
  • (20) In the context of a deficit recovered against a team on the fringe of the Champions League places, and grasping for positives, it did at least offer flashes of the character the home support deemed to have been so absent of late.

Penumbra


Definition:

  • (n.) An incomplete or partial shadow.
  • (n.) The shadow cast, in an eclipse, where the light is partly, but not wholly, cut off by the intervening body; the space of partial illumination between the umbra, or perfect shadow, on all sides, and the full light.
  • (n.) The part of a picture where the shade imperceptibly blends with the light.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Our analysis showed that the interpolation errors are proportional to the curvature of the dose distribution and are relatively high in regions on either side of, but not including, the steepest part of the penumbra.
  • (2) Analysis of the penumbra width of cross dose distributions, as a function of field sizes, allowed us to postulate that the dmax shift could be due to the phantom scattered photons, which in turn were generated by the collimator scattered photons.
  • (3) If true, this is the first demonstration of the ischemic penumbra by MR imaging and may reflect our use of Wistar rats, a new image analysis technique, and ultra-high resolution MR imaging.
  • (4) The combination for this applicator of sharp penumbra and low out-of-field dose leads to reduced lung and opposite breast doses.
  • (5) An extracellular acidosis that occurs in the penumbra zone was investigated in vitro as to its role in the formation of cytotoxic cell swelling.
  • (6) The ischemic thresholds for the initial increase in CMRG and the complete depletion of ATP content represent the metabolic equivalent of the penumbra zone and provide a basis for the evaluation of therapeutic procedures for the treatment of stroke.
  • (7) If the entire cross-section is blocked, the point will be in the umbra of the shadow; if only a portion of the light is blocked, the point will be in the penumbra of the shadow.
  • (8) The mechanisms involved in this sequence of events and the role of pH changes in the development of the so-called "ischaemic penumbra" are discussed.
  • (9) In the light of these findings, we suggest that use of a selective antagonist of LTs may be helpful in reducing the ischemic penumbra during acute cerebral ischemia by controlling the vasogenic edema.
  • (10) Opening the hinge adjustment restores field flatness, without changing penumbra or the inverse square law behavior of the teletherapy unit.
  • (11) The area of "penumbra" could be estimated in regions with CBF value just above this threshold.
  • (12) In the penumbra zone, comparable trends were noted in OER and CMRO2 but the difference in the changes between the two groups did not reach statistical significance.
  • (13) The agreement is within experimental errors both in the penumbra region and along the central ray of the asymmetric field.
  • (14) These results confirm the concept of a metabolic penumbra.
  • (15) These wedges were designed to increase the penumbra width at the field junction from about 1.5 to about 3.5 cm, to achieve dose uniformity.
  • (16) These studies suggest that 1) the expression of 72-kd heat-shock protein in neurons precedes the development of ischemic cellular alterations detectable by conventional hematoxylin and eosin light microscopy methods; 2) there is a hierarchy of cell types and anatomic sites that express 72-kd heat-shock protein, and this hierarchy reflects cellular and anatomic vulnerability to ischemic cell damage; and 3) 72-kd heat-shock protein induction in neurons bordering a necrotic ischemic core may be the morphological equivalent of the ischemic penumbra.
  • (17) While within the penumbra, some direct sunlight falls on the Moon but little darkening of the disc will be noticed until a few minutes before the Moon begins to enter the umbra at 19:23.
  • (18) Measurements with the diode interfaced to an X-Y recorder required only a fraction of the time required with the chambers, minimizing error due to change in machine output, and permitted resolution of isodose lines in the penumbra.
  • (19) A typical spot has a central dark umbra, surrounded by a lighter penumbra.
  • (20) The rate in the penumbra differed (P = .01) from that in the predicted low-dose region, where scotoma did not increase with time.