What's the difference between frostfish and tomcod?
Frostfish
Definition:
(n.) The tomcod; -- so called because it is abundant on the New England coast in autumn at about the commencement of frost. See Tomcod.
(n.) The smelt.
(n.) A name applied in New Zealand to the scabbard fish (Lepidotus) valued as a food fish.
Example Sentences:
Tomcod
Definition:
(n.) A small edible American fish (Microgadus tomcod) of the Codfish family, very abundant in autumn on the Atlantic coast of the Northen United States; -- called also frostfish. See Illust. under Frostfish.
(n.) The kingfish. See Kingfish (a).
(n.) The jack. See 2d Jack, 8. (c).
Example Sentences:
(1) Exposure of depurated Hudson tomcod to natural sediment spiked with two PAHs resulted in a 7-fold induction of P450 gene expression.
(2) We sought to determine if levels of cytochrome P450IA gene expression are environmentally induced in feral populations of Hudson River tomcod, a cancer prone fish, and whether laboratory exposure of tomcod to artificially spiked and naturally contaminated Hudson sediments can elicit a significant response.
(3) The species analyzed consist of zooplankton (mostly Neomysis americana), larval smelt (Osmerus mordax), juvenile smelt, juvenile tomcod (Microgadus tomcod) and adult smelt, tomcod and capelin (Mallotus villosus).
(4) For zooplankton, tomcod and capelin, significant correlations were found between lipid content and PCB contamination.
(5) The total PCB contamination of adult smelt and tomcod sampled in the St. Lawrence MTZ was greater than the limit of 0.1 ppm set by the International Joint Commission for the protection of predators.
(6) Exposure of depurated tomcod to sediment from a contaminated Hudson site also resulted in a 7- to 15-fold induction of P450IA mRNA expression.
(7) It has been reported that Atlantic tomcod (Microgadus tomcod) from the Hudson River exhibit an extremely high incidence of liver tumors.
(8) Depuration of environmentally induced Hudson tomcod P450IA mRNA was rapid, with an initial detectable decline in P450 gene expression by 8 hr and basal levels reached by 5 days.
(9) Using Northern blot analysis, we found levels of P450IA mRNA in tomcod collected from two Hudson River sites higher than those in tomcod from a river in Maine.
(10) Genomic DNA was isolated from Hudson tomcod tumors and from normal Hudson and Saco River, Maine tomcod livers and tested for transforming activity in the NIH3T3 transfection assay.
(11) Intraperitoneal injection of beta-napthoflavone in depurated Hudson tomcod resulted in a 15-fold induction of P450 gene expression within 26 hr.
(12) We found a statistically significant difference in the frequency of PstI-generated restriction fragment length polymorphisms in the abl cellular oncogene between Hudson and Maine tomcod.
(13) Induction of cytochrome P450IA mRNA in Atlantic tomcod may provide a sensitive biomarker of environmentally relevant concentrations of some pollutants in the Hudson and other northeastern tidal rivers.
(14) Northern blot analysis revealed a second polymorphic cytochrome P450IA mRNA band in some tomcod which was also detected by Southern blot analysis.
(15) Genomic DNA and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were isolated from tomcod from the Hudson River, New York, and the Saco River and Royal River, Maine.
(16) Adult Atlantic tomcod collected from the Hudson River slightly north of New York City have an extremely high incidence (55-90%) of histologically defined hepatocellular carcinomas, whereas tomcod from control sites in Maine or Rhode Island exhibit little evidence of this condition.