What's the difference between fulminate and scarify?

Fulminate


Definition:

  • (v. i.) To thunder; hence, to make a loud, sudden noise; to detonate; to explode with a violent report.
  • (v. i.) To issue or send forth decrees or censures with the assumption of supreme authority; to thunder forth menaces.
  • (v. t.) To cause to explode.
  • (v. t.) To utter or send out with denunciations or censures; -- said especially of menaces or censures uttered by ecclesiastical authority.
  • (v. i.) A salt of fulminic acid. See under Fulminic.
  • (v. i.) A fulminating powder.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Cerebral edema is a serious complication of the encephalopathy in fulminant hepatic failure.
  • (2) This paper details the first case report of a patient with fulminant, gangrenous, ischemic colitis caused by polyarteritis nodosa which was successfully treated surgically.
  • (3) Two cases have been examined in detail, one because of a fulminant shock after synthetic ACTH and the other because of very high antibody titres without clinical symptoms of ACTH allergy.
  • (4) Histopathology of the tissues infected by M. incognitus varied from no pathological changes to fulminant necrosis with or without an associated inflammatory reaction.
  • (5) This is the first case of a fulminant phase of mumps ventriculitis leading to aqueductal stenosis, which has been treated using a ventriculoscope for the first time.
  • (6) Hyperacute rejection is uncommon, although syndromes of fulminant graft failure due to immunological mechanisms have been described.
  • (7) Prolonged disturbance of consciousness associated with periodic EEG discharges developed in a 57-year-old male after fulminant hepatitis.
  • (8) A 23-year old female patient on a prolonged regimen of tuberculostatic chemotherapy finally developed fulminant hepatic failure shortly after addition of hormonal contraception.
  • (9) Such markers are prerequisites for therapeutic trials with potent drugs which are only justified for patients with fulminant hepatitis and patients with progression to chronicity.
  • (10) We conclude that liver transplantation can be applied successfully to the difficult clinical problem of fulminant and subacute hepatic failure.
  • (11) One case of fulminating disease showed a change to slow progression and survived a year longer than was otherwise expected.
  • (12) Splenectomy was performed on one twin at age seven years who survived a complicating pneumococcal septicaemia ten days after the procedure, but who succumbed to fulminating infection three years later.
  • (13) Symptoms continued to worsen, however, and the patient died of fulminant hepatic necrosis.
  • (14) The fulminant collection of pseudopolyps was palable in the epigastrium on physical exam and caused a partial obstruction to the retrograde flow of barium.
  • (15) Two of the patients (both teenagers) died of fulminant infection during the first 36 hours of therapy and one elderly woman developed aspiration pneumonia requiring penicillin therapy to be prolonged beyond four days.
  • (16) Sudden enhanced replication of a HBV mutant as a result of such therapy can be a cause of either very severe hepatitis or occasionally fulminant hepatitis.
  • (17) In addition to the classic signs of a fulminant ruptured ectopic pregnancy, a history of upper abdominal pain was the only distinguishing feature.
  • (18) These findings indicate that flumazenil may be valuable in treatment of acute HE occurring in fulminant hepatic failure or in decompensated cirrhosis.
  • (19) In the absence of definitive medical treatment for severe fulminant hepatic failure, liver transplantation may be appropriate in selected patients.
  • (20) The spectrum of disease patterns ranges from a benign form to a very fulminant and occasionally fatal one.

Scarify


Definition:

  • (v. t.) To scratch or cut the skin of; esp. (Med.), to make small incisions in, by means of a lancet or scarificator, so as to draw blood from the smaller vessels without opening a large vein.
  • (v. t.) To stir the surface soil of, as a field.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Mice depleted of the desired cell population and infected on the scarified cornea with herpes simplex virus type 1 uniformly developed necrotizing stromal keratitis by 3 weeks postinfection.
  • (2) More severe lesions were produced on sheep when the mites were applied to lacerated than when applied to scarified or non-scarified areas.
  • (3) More than fifty albino rabbits were inoculated into the right scarified cornea with 10(7) PFU of the Kupka strain of human herpes virus type 1 (HHV-1).
  • (4) Diversion of portal blood away from the liver has been accomplished, in the rat, transposition of the scarified spleen, followed by later portal vein ligation.
  • (5) 2 cases reacted positively to lomefloxacin on scarified photopatch testing down to 0.1% pet., and 1 patient down to 10% pet.
  • (6) However, reactions on stripped skin as well as on scarified skin may be false positive.
  • (7) Since intravenous injection of 1 X 10(9) PFU of CEV failed to produce lesions in the sham-scarified skin of sheep, virus spread via the hematogenous route from one site to another appears unlikely.
  • (8) Mouse herpesvirus (MHV) - a recently isolated herpesvirus - when inoculated into the right scarified cornea spread to lungs and liver by haematogenous route.
  • (9) Formation of the fistula was probably due to a small traction diverticulum followed by perforation because of obstructed oesophageal passage due to scarified distortions.
  • (10) Some ophthalmic medicaments produced rather severe irritant reactions on scarified skin, confirmed by a positive conjunctival exposure test.
  • (11) Eight days after sensitization, these four sensitized groups and unsensitized controls were infected on scarified corneas with a stromal keratitis inducing strain of HSV-1, and the extent of virus replication was determined 1, 3, and 7 days later.
  • (12) and topically (as a cream) on scarified skin according to a crossover protocol.
  • (13) The disease was induced in the animals by application of culture liquid containing herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) to the scarified skin of the penis.
  • (14) The first operation involved transposing the spleen with its scarified capsule in a subcutaneous pouch to produce portasystemic anastomosis.
  • (15) Although the mutants, with one exception, grew to wild-type titers in cell culture, they showed a growth potential on the scarified skin of mice that was dramatically different from that of the wild-type virus.
  • (16) The morphology, distribution and quantitation of dendritic (Langerhans) cells (LC) was determined by analysis of ADPase stained epithelial flat mounts from 6-8 week young adult (resistant) and 24 month old (susceptible) aged mice before and after experimental infection with P. aeruginosa topically applied to the scarified cornea.
  • (17) The mouth fluid of the affected birds contained greatly increased numbers of bacteria, including Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli, which proved avirulent when inoculated into scarified tissue of control birds.
  • (18) Bacteria, whether exposed to the inhibiting sugar or not, did not adhere immediately after inoculation, but required time in contact with the scarified corneal surface to adhere and adherence increased with time.
  • (19) Different pleural scarifying agents are used in an attempt to prevent early and late recurrence.
  • (20) The ID50 in T. verrucosum and T. equinum cultures was about 1500 conidia per one calf in the case of the method of infecting into clipped scarified skin (area 100 sq cm).

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