What's the difference between funicle and funiculus?
Funicle
Definition:
(n.) A small cord, ligature, or fiber.
(n.) The little stalk that attaches a seed to the placenta.
Example Sentences:
(1) Effects evoked in cervical moto- and interneurons by stimulation of lateral (LF) and ventral (VF) funicles at low thoracic level were studied in anaesthetized cats; degeneration of descending supraspinal fibres was provided by preliminary cord sections.
(2) In young mature rabbits the spinal cord was damaged within lateral funicles and adjacent parts of the dorsal and ventral funicles.
(3) Routinely stained preparations (H+E, Nissl) and enzymatic activity of some phosphatases and esterases was estimated as well in sections subjected to Feulgen reaction karyo- and cytophotometric measurements were performed on cell nuclei of anterior horns neurocytes, anterior columns oligodendrocytes and on anterior funicle astrocytes of the spinal cord lumbar segment.
(4) Threshold mapping for single axons showed that they descend in the lateroventral part of the lateral funicle.
(5) The ascending and descending axonal branches maintained their location in the same part of the lateral funicle.
(6) The pathways of N1, determined by dorsal and ventral epidural recording, were the dorsilateral funicle and the extrapyramidal tracts.
(7) Nevertheless, it is considered that conductive evoked spinal cord action potentials could become a valuable method of assessing spinal cord function as they reflect the function of the extrapyramidal tracts, as well as of the dorsilateral funicle and the dorsal column.
(8) Generally, thin septa (0.2-0.5 micron) ensheathed myocytes or groups of myocytes for short distances and thicker septa partially or completely ensheathed groups of myocytes for long distances (up to several mm); together, thin, and thick septa divided the myocardial mass into myocyte cords (funicles) of 10-30 micron diameter.
(9) Many of these cells are propriospinal units sending axons to the lateral funicle (LF).
(10) Laterally these dendrites reached the lateral horns and even the lateral funicles.
(11) The value of herniography was reviewed in 45 patients with a variety of urological symptoms (4 with flank pain, 20 with pain from the funicle or scrotum, 11 with symptoms simulating prostatitis and 10 with ill-defined symptoms from the small pelvis).
(12) The axonal trajectory from the cell body was usually curved before reaching the lateral funicle.
(13) The clinical symptoms and signs indicate a motor neuron syndrome and autopsy revealed degeneration of ventral and lateral funicles in the spinal cord, loss of ventral motor neurons, degeneration of ventral nerve roots and muscular atrophy.
(14) All the C3-C4 PNs could be antidromically activated from the lateral funicle in C6 and the lateral reticular nucleus but not from Th13.
Funiculus
Definition:
(n.) A cord, baud, or bundle of fibers; esp., one of the small bundles of fibers, of which large nerves are made up; applied also to different bands of white matter in the brain and spinal cord.
(n.) A short cord which connects the embryo of some myriapods with the amnion.
(n.) In Bryozoa, an organ extending back from the stomach. See Bryozoa, and Phylactolema.
Example Sentences:
(1) The first spinal nerve and the spinal accessory nerve (XI) have no sensory projections, but the second spinal nerve has typical projections along the dorsal funiculus of the spinal cord.
(2) This is a decline of 58% from the 2 week level, and the decrease is proportionately similar in the corticospinal area and the dorsal funiculus proper.
(3) The observation of myelinated serotonin-containing axons in the white matter of the monkey dorsolateral funiculus contradicts the view that the descending serotoninergic projection consists entirely of unmyelinated fibers, particularly since the conduction velocity of the fine fibers would be too slow to account for the earliest latency of descending inhibition following stimulation in the brainstem.
(4) FG or WGA-HRP labeled neurons were found mainly in laminae V and VII, in the lateral group of lamina IX, in Clarke's column (CC) and in the dorsal funiculus.
(5) The medullary pyramid (MP) and the ventral funiculus (VF), ipsilateral to the hemispheric lesion, were compared with the MP and VF of the other, unaffected, side.
(6) About 11% of units antidromically activated by ipsilateral dorsolateral funiculus stimulation were depressed by ACh.
(7) Thus, the trajectory of group I fibers was somatotopically organized both in the dorsal funiculus and in the gray matter.
(8) The laminar origin of the ILN and PAG projecting neurons were found primarily in the contralateral reticular portion of V, medial VII and the nucleus of dorsolateral funiculus.
(9) The present finding of contralateral thermosensory deficiencies after lesions of the middle part of the lateral funiculus fits with some of the clinical reports.
(10) However, the [14C]2-deoxyglucose uptake was found to be elevated over the whole extent of the dorsal horns, as well as in the gray matter surrounding the central canal, anterior horns and ipsilateral dorsolateral funiculus.
(11) Of these neurons, 23 were activated antidromically from both the dorsal columns and the ipsilateral dorsolateral funiculus.
(12) Lesions restricted to parts of the ventral lateral funiculus in thoracic or high lumbar segments on the side ipsilateral to the injections produced significant bilateral reductions in labeling.
(13) The spino-olivocerebellar path ascending through the ventral funiculus (VF-SOCP) was investigated in decerebrate cats with the cord transected in the third cervical segment except for the left ventral funiculus.
(14) The neurons were identified antidromically either by stimulation of the hindlimb area in the anterior lobe of the cerebellum (in thalamic cats) or by stimulation of the contralateral ventrolateral funiculus of the spinal cord (in decapitate cats).
(15) It is concluded that an inhibitory pathway, which descends in the dorsal part of the lateral funiculus and which probably originates in the nucleus raphe magnus of the medulla, mediates the descending control found in both morphine and stimulus-produced analgesia.
(16) Finally, microinjections of lidocaine into the ventrolateral funiculus (VLF) or transections of the dorsolateral funiculus (DLF) of the thoracic spinal cord attenuated VAS-produced effects on neuronal responses, but did not affect VAS-induced depressor responses.
(17) Sympathetic discharges, recorded from upper thoracic preganglionic white rami, were evoked by stimulation (0.1 Hz) of descending excitatory pathways in the cervical dorsolateral funiculus (intraspinal) or of adjacent intercostal nerves (spinal reflex).
(18) (2) Consistently, bilateral transection of the lateral funiculus at the level between C5 and C6 abolished stepping movements of both forelimbs.
(19) In vibratome sections, noradrenaline-immunoreactive (NA-IR) axons were seen to invade the spinal cord at E16, at cervical and upper thoracic levels, from the ventral funiculus.
(20) In contrast to a relatively weak excitatory potency on the DSCT neurones (maximum firing frequency did not exceed 130% of the control activated by ipsilateral dorsolateral funiculus stimulation (maximum firing frequency reached 430% of the control level).