(n.) A brown, nitrogenous pigment contained in the retinal epithelium; a variety of melanin.
Example Sentences:
(1) Elemental analysis was made on the rod outer segments and fuscin granules in the frog eye by means of an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer combined with an electron microscope.
(2) The fuscin granules showed prominent peaks of Ca and Zn constantly, in addition to S, Cl, Mg, K, and occasionally Cu.
Retinal
Definition:
(a.) Of or pertaining to the retina.
Example Sentences:
(1) Following central retinal artery ligation, infarction of the retinal ganglion cells was reflected by a 97 per cent reduction in the radioactively labeled protein within the optic nerve.
(2) In 22 cases (63%), retinal detachment was at least partially flattened in the area of the posterior pole of the eye.
(3) When the eye was dissected into anterior uveal, scleral, and retinal complexes, prostaglandin D2 was formed in the highest degree in all the complexes, whereas prostaglandin E2 and F2 alpha formation was specific to given ocular regions.
(4) Because of the short detachment interval, and the absence of underlying pathology or trauma, the recovery process described here probably represents an example of optimum recovery after retinal reattachment.
(5) The number of axons displaying peptide-like immunoreactivity within the optic nerve, retinal or cerebral to the crush, and within the optic chiasm gradually decreased after 2-3 months.
(6) Once the normal variations are mastered, appreciation of retinal, choroidal, optic nerve, and vitreal abnormalities is possible.
(7) In 60 rhesus monkeys with experimental renovascular malignant arterial hypertension (25 one-kidney and 35 two-kidney model animals), we studied the so-called 'hard exudates' or white retinal deposits in detail (by ophthalmoscopy, and stereoscopic color fundus photography and fluorescein fundus angiography, on long-term follow-up).
(8) It is proposed that microoscillations of the eye increase the threshold for detection of retinal target displacements, leading to less efficient lateral sway stabilization than expected, and that the threshold for detection of self motion in the A-P direction is lower than the threshold for object motion detection used in the calculations, leading to more efficient stabilization of A-P sway.
(9) Two lectins, wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and peanut agglutinin (PNA), were used to compare domains within the interphotoreceptor matrices (IPM) of the cat and monkey, two species where the morphological relationship between the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors is distinctly different.
(10) A patient with a history of hypertension had a combined central retinal artery and vein occlusion in one eye.
(11) Certain underlying factors in several types of retinal degeneration are first discussed, followed by characteristics of diabetic maculopathy and of other types of macular degeneration including that due to aging.
(12) A total of 27 reoperations including eight repeat PRs (5 of which were successful) was required to achieve permanent retinal reattachment.
(13) The observations support the idea that the function of pericytes in the choriocapillaris, the major source of nutrition for the retinal photoreceptors, resides in their contractility, and that pericytes do not remove necrotic endothelium during capillary atrophy.
(14) The death of retinal ganglion cells during development thus seems to serve 2 purposes: It provides for the quantitative matching of the ganglion cell population to the needs of its central projection fields, and, at the same time, it serves to selectively eliminate those cells whose axons project to inappropriate targets or to inappropriate regions within the correct target fields.
(15) Changes in protein phosphorylation induced by phagocytic challenge were identified in cultured rat retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) following exposure to isolated rat rod outer segments (ROS) or to polystyrene latex microspheres (PSL).
(16) The chromophore of octopus rhodopsin is 11-cis retinal, linked via a protonated Schiff base to the protein backbone.
(17) After intravenous or dorsal lymph sac injections of 3H-22:6, most of the retinal label was seen in rod photoreceptor cells.
(18) This suggests that many retinal ganglion cells continue to discharge in total darkness for long periods.
(19) The yield of such studies may be high for an understanding of such diseases as myopia, retinal detachment, and keratoconus.
(20) Twenty patients with central retinal vein occlusion were randomly divided into two groups in a prospective study to evaluate the effects of xenon are photocoagulation in central retinal vein occlusion.