(n.) The bitter, alkaline, viscid fluid found in the gall bladder, beneath the liver. It consists of the secretion of the liver, or bile, mixed with that of the mucous membrane of the gall bladder.
(n.) An excrescence of any form produced on any part of a plant by insects or their larvae. They are most commonly caused by small Hymenoptera and Diptera which puncture the bark and lay their eggs in the wounds. The larvae live within the galls. Some galls are due to aphids, mites, etc. See Gallnut.
(v. t.) To impregnate with a decoction of gallnuts.
(v. t.) To fret and wear away by friction; to hurt or break the skin of by rubbing; to chafe; to injure the surface of by attrition; as, a saddle galls the back of a horse; to gall a mast or a cable.
(v. t.) To fret; to vex; as, to be galled by sarcasm.
(v. t.) To injure; to harass; to annoy; as, the troops were galled by the shot of the enemy.
(v. i.) To scoff; to jeer.
(n.) A wound in the skin made by rubbing.
Example Sentences:
(1) There was no correlation between disturbed gastric clearance, impaired gall bladder contraction, and prolonged colonic transit time in the patients with cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy nor was there a correlation between any disturbed motor function and age or duration of diabetes.
(2) The degree of the filling up and the dilation of the gall bladder, its functional state as well as the passibility of d. cysticus are evaluated by ultrasound examination and computer determination of the surface and dimensions of the gall bladder.
(3) One patient presented a rupture of the gall-bladder with formation of a bilioma in the adjacent liver tissue.
(4) When tissue metabolism was irreversibly inhibited by exposure to formaldehyde, hydrogen ion concentration and pCO2 were significantly decreased in the mucosal side of the chamber compared with the viable gall bladder.
(5) In 15 subjects the gall bladder emptied in relation to eating according to a double exponential function.
(6) On 3 April he announced on his website that he had inoperable gall bladder cancer, giving him, at most, a year to live.
(7) This is a report of the short- and long-term complications in a premature infant with tracheoesophageal fistula, including those related to central venous alimentation, seizures, chylothorax, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, dental erosions, gastroesophageal reflux, pulmonary problems, and gall stones.
(8) Adenomyomas of the gall bladder are rare benign neoplasms.
(9) The lack of symptomatic gall stones in cross sectional surveys is probably due to their rapid diagnosis and treatment.
(10) Histological examination suggested that the gall sludge in the pancreatic cyst was caused by the reflux of bile into the pancreatic duct through the papilla of Vater.
(11) The results were analysed according the morphological criteria (demonstration of the bile duct, intra-hepatic ducts, gall bladder and renal tract) and functional criteria (T max, half-time biliary excretion values, development of activity in the bile duct, in the gall bladder and in the gut).
(12) The number of stones per gall-bladder averaged 6.3 (1-20), size of stones 1.7 cm (0.5-2.8 cm), and duration of treatment 11.9 h (5-24 h).
(13) The types of metastasis expansion in the bones were determined radiologically: the most frequent--osteolytic, less frequent--mixed, and the osteoplastic type (prostate cancer, gall-bladder cancer, and pancreas cancer).
(14) Fractional turnover rate on the two regimens correlated with gall bladder emptying (n = 16, r = 0.61, p less than 0.01), but not with small intestinal transit time (r = 0.07, NS).
(15) Few to many cryptosporidia were present in the gall bladders and bile ducts of infected birds.
(16) Pulse rate and blood pressure were not affected by the gall bladder distension.
(17) Pancreatic duct abnormalities were more severe and occurred more frequently in patients with gall stones who had stones in the biliary tree than in patients with a normal biliary tree (postcholecystectomy patients, 55% v 25%) but the difference between the two groups just failed to be significant (chi 2 = 3.34).
(18) We conclude that a number of non-specific chronic inflammatory histological abnormalities were present in primary sclerosing cholangitis gall bladders.
(19) On histological examination, there were signs of acute cardiac failure; edema of the lungs, liver and gall bladder, partial myofibrillar degeneration and cytoplasmic vacuoles in the media of a small coronary artery.
(20) These investigations reveal that the great majority of cases of gall-stones are undiagnosed.
Galt
Definition:
(n.) Same as Gault.
Example Sentences:
(1) Some of those drugs are able to stimulate the macrophages, even in an aspecific way, via the gut associated lymphatic tissue (GALT), that is in connection with the bronchial associated lymphatic tissue (BALT).
(2) The BSF have augmenting effects on class-specific Ig production by GALT sIgM-bearing B cells, when these are treated with the BSF alone.
(3) The effect of Cyclosporin (CS) on the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) of inbred WKA rats was immunohistochemically studied by the immunoperoxidase method.
(4) Lymphocytes from a patient with classic galactosemia (GALT deficiency) were hybridized with a Chinese hamster cell line.
(5) Evaluation of the human GALT enzyme suggests that its locus is not on the deleted segment.
(6) The finding of an N-terminal hydrophobic segment which serves as the membrane anchor and signal sequence suggests that the C-terminal region of the GalT polypeptide is oriented within the lumen of the Golgi membranes.
(7) The association of gastrointestinal (GI) and Waldeyer's ring lymphoma and the unique lymphocyte migration pattern of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) have been previously described.
(8) GALT contains Tcs cells which protect IgA responses under conditions of oral tolerance.
(9) It was demonstrated that stimulation of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) (either by direct injection or by ingestion of antigen) followed by local administration of antigen into the bronchus was required to enhance clearance in this model.
(10) Activity of beta 1,4-GalT was compared with glycosyltransferase activities that are considered to be specific for O-linked glycoproteins: UDP-Gal:N-acetylgalactosamine-beta 1,3-galactosyltransferase (beta 1,3-GalT), and UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (Gal-NAcT).
(11) Unusual isoenzyme patterns for galactose-1-phosphate-uridyltransferase (GALT) and phosphoglucomutase1 (PGM1) were detected in the tumor, compared with normal human fibroblasts and blood cells and isoenzyme patterns from the patient's lymphocytes.
(12) To understand the mechanism(s) of this effect of LDL, we have studied here the effects of LDL on the activity of UDP-GalCer:beta-galactosyltransferase (GalT-2).
(13) Electrophoretic valuation of GALT in 31 independently derived interspecific hybrid clones failed to demonstrate expression of the human GALT gene even when human chromosome 9 was present.
(14) Similar experiments in rats which had been immunized actively by injecting antigens into the GALT showed a corresponding rapid decline in titres of specific biliary antibodies after fistulation of the thoracic duct.
(15) First, we examined the effect of exogenous IL2 on Ag-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) production by gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) (Peyer's patches, PP; mesenteric lymph nodes, MLN) and non-GALT (spleen, SPN) cells.
(16) The immune system of the gastrointestinal tract (gut-associated lymphoid tissue--GALT) differs from the peripheral immune system in a number of points, and can also react largely independently of the latter.
(17) This conclusion is in agreement with previous biochemical studies which indicated that the 51-kDa and 42-kDa soluble forms of the enzyme which encompass the C-terminal 324 and 297 amino acid residues of the entire GalT polypeptide, respectively, include the catalytic site.
(18) These plasma cells did not occur in either lymphatic capillaries or HEV in BALT as they did in GALT.
(19) The availability of the enzyme GalT-2 and corresponding antibody will allow functional studies in the near future.
(20) The occurrence of cytokeratins, vimentin, and desmin in the dome epithelia and adjacent non-dome epithelia in four locations of gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) of adult and newborn rabbits (Peyer's patches, sacculus rotundus, caecal lymphoid patches and appendix) was studied with monoclonal antibodies, using the indirect immunoperoxidase technique.