(a.) Pertaining to, or derived from, galls, nutgalls, and the like.
(a.) Pertaining to Gaul or France; Gallican.
(a.) Pertaining to, or containing, gallium.
Example Sentences:
(1) Gallic wine sales in the UK have been tumbling for the past 20 years, but the news that France, once the largest exporter to these shores, has slipped behind Australia, the United States, Italy and now South Africa will have producers gnawing their knuckles in frustration.
(2) It's almost starting to feel like we're back in the good old days of July 2005, when Paris lost out to London in the battle to stage the 2012 Olympic Games, a defeat immediately interpreted by France as a bitter blow to Gallic ideals of fair play and non-commercialism and yet another undeserved triumph for the underhand, free-market manoeuvrings of perfidious Albion.
(3) This mutant also hydroxylates the product (3, 4-dihydroxybenzoate) to form gallic acid.
(4) The compelling television series The Returned , which concludes on Sunday on Channel 4, and several award-winning titles from French authors are earning fresh international plaudits for Gallic storytelling and proving that it is not only Norway, Sweden and Denmark that can offer a bleak outlook and a half-lit landscape.
(5) A combination of 2% osmium tetroxide-2% uranyl acetate or 2% gallic acid alone resulted in optimum fixation as ascertained by least extraction of radiolabels.
(6) In kidney and bone, only administration of Tiron at 0, 0.25, or 1 hr after uranium injection, or gallic acid at 1 hr after uranium exposure significantly reduced tissue uranium concentrations.
(7) Yves, a quiet, soft-spoken heavy metal fan with a penchant for band T-shirts and political protest, gives what can only be described as a Gallic shrug.
(8) Chelidonic acid, 2,6-pyridine dicarboxylic acid, chelidamic acid, gallic acid, and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid were the most potent inhibitors of the enzyme, and generally the aromatic analogues were much more potent inhibitors than their aliphatic counterparts.
(9) Riva, the oldest nominee ever for best actress category, has a very Gallic disdain for such public adulation.
(10) Among chemically defined natural polyphenols, condensed tannins (epicatechin gallate oligomers) and monomeric and oligomeric hydrolyzable tannins potently stimulated PMN iodination, whereas polyphenols of lower molecular weight (gallic acid, alkyl gallates, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin, caffeic acid derivatives and licorice flavonoids) had much less activity.
(11) The French media and aerospace group owns a 7.5% stake in EADS, with the French state bringing total Gallic ownership to 22.35%.
(12) The depression in growth caused by these phenolic materials was compared with that of tannic acid on a gallic acid equivalency basis.
(13) When applied topically to mouse skin, tannic acid (TA), ellagic acid, and several gallic acid derivatives all inhibit TPA-induced ornithine decarboxylase activity, hydroperoxide production, and DNA synthesis, three biochemical markers of skin tumor promotion.
(14) Although gallic acid was a bad substrate, alkyl gallate esters were better substrates than tyramine.
(15) Other less astringent compounds (gallic and tartaric acids) had only slight effects on Isc.
(16) Gallic acid and several of its derivatives inhibit the ODC response to TPA to a lesser degree than TA.
(17) Compositions of (-)-epicatechin, (-)-epigallocatechin, (-)-epicatechin gallate, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, and gallic acid were identified by fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography.
(18) Esters of gallic acid (propyl- and methylgallate), as well as pyrogallol, produce a "reversed staining" of all membranes, except for those of communicating (gap) junctions.
(19) Eight compounds resulted in a significant enhancement of the survival rate: Tiron, gallic acid, DTPA, p-aminosalicylic acid, sodium citrate, EDTA, 5-aminosalicylic acid and EGTA.
(20) Generally, these same proteolytic and glycosidic activities were inhibited by tannic acid and to lesser extents by gallic acid and gallic acid methyl ester.
Gallium
Definition:
(n.) A rare metallic element, found in certain zinc ores. It is white, hard, and malleable, resembling aluminium, and remarcable for its low melting point (86/ F., 30/C). Symbol Ga. Atomic weight 69.9.
Example Sentences:
(1) Gallium-67 imaging is useful in the management of patients with malignant lymphoma, despite its obvious limitations.
(2) Although gallium nitrate inhibited cell growth in Tf-free medium, cellular proliferation was restored by Fe-NTA.
(3) The amount of gallium in 'blood-free' tissues was measured by correcting for gallium in residual blood and an estimate of intestinal absorption was then made by summing the values for all tissues examined.
(4) Gallium arsenide has proved to be an ideal substrate material for some uses but is associated with unique health hazards.
(5) In the culture enriched with both gallium and iron (III), X-ray fluorescence spectra revealed a gradual decrease of gallium from the spent fluid as growth progressed.
(6) The concentrations of arsenic (As) and gallium (Ga) in solution and the As-GA ratio on the surface of the GaAs increased continuously as the time of contact with the aqueous solution increased.
(7) No evidence of lymphomatous involvement of lymph nodes and non-lymphoid organs was found by CT scan, ultrasound echography and gallium scan of the chest and abdomen.
(8) As a prerequisite for preparing bispecific antibody conjugates containing anti-tumor and anti-metal chelate binding sites that can be used for pretargeted immunoscintigraphy, monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) have been raised against an octahedral metal chelate synthetized from gallium (Ga) and the hexadentate ligand N,N'bis[2-hydroxy 5-(ethylene beta carboxy) benzyl] ethylenediamine N,N' diacetic acid (Ga-HBED-CC).
(9) The technique of 67-gallium scintigraphy appears of value in assessing the intra-abdominal spread of malignant tumors of the testes.
(10) Although initial clinical trials of 72Ga were unproductive, subsequent studies with 68Ga and 67Ga, together with advances in nuclear medical instrumentation, resulted in the identification of gallium radionuclides as effective tumor- and abscess-localizing agents.
(11) In this group, gallium was not incorporated into the post-operative hematoma.
(12) To evaluate whether one can predict the course and prognosis of interstitial lung diseases from lung gallium-67 (67Ga) uptake, we studied 31 subjects with sarcoidosis and 28 with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) retrospectively.
(13) Analysis of the inflammatory exudates showed that most of the gallium was in the noncellular fraction (2,500-g supernatant) in both sterile and bacteria-induced inflammation.
(14) Gallium-67 imaging has also been used to detect abdominal neoplasms, but results are less impressive.
(15) To investigate the mechanism of gallium-67 uptake in lung granulomatosis, we studied 13 rats in which lung granulomatosis was induced by injection of complete Freund adjuvant (CFA) and 14 controls.
(16) Often, the severity of symptoms led to persistent evaluation with noninvasive tests such as gallium scan, intravenous pyelogram, or barium enema.
(17) The serum gallium concentrations required to inhibit the tumor growth may be higher in small cell lung carcinomas than in nonsmall cell lung carcinomas.
(18) This report confirms that sodium pertechnetate Tc 99m is the most sensitive agent for diagnostic and therapeutic evaluation of patients with Kaposi sarcoma and suggests taht gallium citrate Ga 67 or bleomycin 111In may be useful in the differentiation of Kaposi sarcoma from lymphoma.
(19) Twenty male rats were trained to run on a treadmill and were exposed to gallium-67 oxide (67Ga2O3) particles (0.1 micron activity median diffusion diameter) for 30 min while running at 30 m min-1.
(20) A series of 39 gallium scintigrams was retrospectively reviewed by the authors and reported without knowledge of the patients' clinical condition.