(n.) The third letter (/, / = Eng. G) of the Greek alphabet.
Example Sentences:
(1) Cyclic AMP stimulated phosphorylation by [gamma-32P]ATP of two proteins of apparent Mr = 20,000 and 7,000 that were concentrated in sarcoplasmic reticulum, but the stimulation was markedly dependent on the presence of added soluble cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase.
(2) LPS also abrogated the ability of recombinant interferon-gamma (r.IFN-gamma) to enhance macrophage larvicidal activity.
(3) Incubation with IFN alpha or IFN gamma for 24 h resulted in only modest cytokinetic alterations, and they did not modify the effects of FUra.
(4) Moreover in MIT-1, the size of the novel polypeptide was not that predicted of the precursor (44.9 kDa) but was about 39 kDa, the same size as the authentic GS gamma polypeptide in CYT-4.
(5) gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate release from the treated side was higher than the control value during the first 2-3 h, a result indicating an important role of glial cells in the inactivation of released transmitter.
(6) The mobility on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is anomalous since the undenatured, cross-linked proteins have the same Stokes radius as the native, uncross-linked alpha beta gamma heterotrimer.
(7) Marked enhancement of IFN-gamma production by T cells was seen in the presence of as little as 0.3% thymic DC.
(8) Analogues of [Orn6]-SP6-11 have been synthesized in which the Met11 residue is replaced by glutamate gamma-alkylesters.
(9) Cells (1 x 10(5)) were seeded in 12- x -75-mm tissue culture tubes and incubated with various doses of IL-1 beta, IL-1 alpha, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma, alone or in specific combinations, for 15 min, two, 12, 24, and 72 h. PGE concentrations in the media were measured by radio-immunoassay.
(10) A new type of Escherichia coli mutant which shows increased sensitivity to methyl methane sulfonate but not to UV light or to gamma rays was isolated after mutagenesis with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine.
(11) Serum gamma glutamyl transferase (gammaGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities have been estimated in 49 epileptic patients taking anticonvulsant drugs.
(12) For the release of IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha a synergistic effect of interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was observed.
(13) Gamma-irradiated splenic homogenates of armadillos infected with M. leprae proved sterile by conventional tests and media.
(14) These results suggest that CD4+ protective T cells generated by immunization with vBCG are characterized by the ability to produce IFN-gamma after stimulation with specific Ag.
(15) Normal cultured human epidermal melanocytes and melanoma cells derived from three different malignant melanomas were examined for synthesis of extracellular matrix components before and after treatment for one day with interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, or both.
(16) Scintigraphic pictures of the uterine cavity and oviducts were obtained with a Jumbo Toshiba gamma-camera; they were subsequently analysed by an Informatek SIMIS-3 data processing system.
(17) No significant difference was found for triglycerides, uric acid, albumin and gamma-globulins.
(18) In agreement with the data in the literature, melanocytes incubated with IFN-gamma acquire HLA-DR, -DQ, and -DP antigens.
(19) Our findings demonstrate that interleukin-2 (IL-2), but not interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or interleukin-1 (IL-1), is able to inhibit the induction of T-cell unresponsiveness in a dose-dependent fashion.
(20) It is also expressed on activated T-cells and its expression on B-cells, fibroblasts and monocytes increases after treatment with PWM, interferon-gamma and after three days culture, respectively.
Gumma
Definition:
(n.) A kind of soft tumor, usually of syphilitic origin.
Example Sentences:
(1) A case is presented outlining the surgical correction of a palatal defect resulting from a gumma using a tongue flap.
(2) Case 1 The patient, a 9-year-old boy, had been suffering from headache and vomiting for 3 months prior to admission to the Neurosurgical Clinic, Gumma University Hospital.
(3) Roughly one third of patients with untreated syphilis develop severe late manifestations: 10.4% show cardiovascular involvement, 6.5% get neurosyphilis and 15.8% have a gumma.
(4) A case of focal cerebral syphilitic gumma of the right temporal lobe is reported.
(5) The differential diagnoses included duct ectasia, a foreign-body giant-cell reaction with fat necrosis, foreign material or an abscess, granulomatous mastitis, fungal mastitis, sarcoidosis and a syphilitic gumma.
(6) All other examined liver lesions (metastases, haemangiomas, lymphatic infiltrates, echinococcus cysts, FNH, gummae) showed greater signal intensity than the remaining organ at small angle excitation.
(7) We describe two human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with syphilitic cerebral gummas.
(8) Surgery was performed and the histopathological study revealed a tuberculoid, granuloma-forming gumma.
(9) A case is presented of tabes dorsalis with spinal gumma producing collapse of the L5 vertebra followed by paraplegia.
(10) Because of the radiological findings a malignant lymphoma was diagnosed and biopsy was performed, however, histological investigation confirmed the diagnosis of cerebral gumma.
(11) The clinical features, radiographic appearance, and response to therapy suggest that this lesion was a focal syphilitic inflammatory process, or gumma.
(12) For a patient in good general condition with a suspected gumma, medical treatment can be given initially, with follow-up by CT, neurosurgery being indicated only in case of failure of medical therapy.
(13) Gummas are the expression of localized meningovascular forms of neurosyphilis and their clinical symptoms and signs are similar to those of any other space-occupying intracranial lesion.
(14) Among his articles dealing with neurology are those dealing with luetic gumma of the brain, tabes cervicodorsalis, Aran-Duchenne muscular atrophy, bulbar paralysis, etc.
(15) A case of cerebral gumma in the left trigonal region is reported.
(16) In some cases a positive diagnosis can be made only by pathological examination after surgical ablation of the gumma.
(17) Cerebral gumma has been reported only rarely during the last few decades, and there are only a few descriptions of the neuroradiological characteristics of this disease.
(18) On the basis of brain biopsy, a convexity mass was diagnosed in the patient with syphilitic gumma.
(19) Surgical exploration by dorsal laminectomy showed a syphilitic gumma attached to the spinal cord.
(20) The patient reported here had multiple infections including one due to cytomegalovirus after ablation of the gumma, highly suggesting an immunity disorder.