(1) The eyes of certain marine gastropods including Aplysia and Bulla, contain circadian pacemakers, which produce a circadian rhythm of autogenous compound action potential (CAP) activity.
(2) Escherichia coli transformed with a plasmid carrying the RuBisCO operon of the gastropod symbiont in the proper orientation for transcription from the plasmid lac promoter expressed catalytically active RuBisCO.
(3) Parelaphostrongylus tenuis infections were found in 15 gastropods (2.2% prevalence) representing 5 species; 5 of the infected gastropods were D. laeve.
(4) Ecdysteroids have been detected in trematode parasites and in several species of gastropod snails.
(5) The fluorescent dye 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (5-CF) travels quickly up the nerves of the gastropod mollusc, Lymnaea stagnalis into the buccal ganglia and fills the cell bodies in 1-3 h. 5-CF filled neurones can be located in the intact ganglia with low intensity blue light.
(6) The structure and function of the digestive gland of the gastropod mollusc, Bithynia tentaculata, was investigated using ultrastructural, histochemical, and cytochemical techniques.
(7) We have begun the study of the molecular and cell biology of embryos, larvae and recruits having as a final goal, the development of appropriate biotechnologies to rear this gastropod.
(8) The marine gastropods Acmaea (Collisella) limatula and Acmaea (Notoacmea) scutum respond to distant predatory starfish (i.e.
(9) Immunocytochemical methods using an antiserum raised against ovine corticoliberin revealed perikarya and processes in the central and peripheral nervous system of the Pulmonate Gastropod Helix pomatia.
(10) The distribution of monoamines in the central ganglia of the nudibranch gastropod Hermissenda crassicornis was examined through the histological localization of both glyoxylic acid-induced fluorescence and serotonin-like immunoreactivity.
(11) The hemocyanins of the Fissurellidae, Naticidae and Melongenidae families of marine gastropods as well as some other molluscs including some members of the Opistobranchia and Bivalvia groups have hemocyanins which exist in solution as tri-decameric and mixed, multi-decameric aggregates characterized by sedimentation coefficients close to 100 S, 130 S, 150 S, 170 S and 200 S to 230 S. 2.
(12) The accumulation of cadmium, zinc and copper by the marine gastropod molluscs Patella vulgata and Patella intermedia has been studied by gel permeation chromatography of water-soluble extracts of environmentally contaminated shellfish.
(13) The effect of antipsychotic drugs was tested on responses to micro-electrophoretically applied dopamine, acetylcholine and 5-hydroxytryptamine in identified neurons of the marine gastropod Aplysia californica.
(14) The distribution of FMRFamide-like material in the gastropod mollusc, Helix aspersa, was studied by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and immunocytochemistry.
(15) The local anesthetic effects of cocaine and one of its main metabolites norcocaine, were investigated comparatively on isolated ganglion cells of the marine gastropod, Aplysia californica.
(16) Previous research suggests that gut distension by ingested bulk plays an important role in the regulation of food intake in gastropod molluscs.
(17) Hemocytes taken from six different gastropod snails, Achatina achatina, A. fulica, Biomphalaria glabrata, Bulinus natalensis, Helix aspersa, and Lymnaea stagnalis, were compared for morphology, peroxidase activity, and, using methods developed for L. stagnalis, the ability to generate reactive oxygen inermediates upon phagocytic stimulation.
(18) The total amount of retinochrome in the retina was several times higher than that of rhodopsin, distinguishing the gastropod eye from the cephalopod eye.
(19) Among the known intermediate filament proteins, NF60 and NF70 neurofilament proteins show highest similarity to an epithelial intermediate filament protein from Helix pomatia, a gastropod mollusk, and are less similar to vertebrate neurofilaments.
(20) Aposymbiotic Aiptasia polyps reinfected with zooxanthellae from the gastropod Melibe pilosa and the clam Tridacna maxima grew no better than polyps lacking zooxanthellae.
Ruffle
Definition:
(v. t.) To make into a ruff; to draw or contract into puckers, plaits, or folds; to wrinkle.
(v. t.) To furnish with ruffles; as, to ruffle a shirt.
(v. t.) To oughen or disturb the surface of; to make uneven by agitation or commotion.
(v. t.) To erect in a ruff, as feathers.
(v. t.) To beat with the ruff or ruffle, as a drum.
(v. t.) To discompose; to agitate; to disturb.
(v. t.) To throw into disorder or confusion.
(v. t.) To throw together in a disorderly manner.
(v. i.) To grow rough, boisterous, or turbulent.
(v. i.) To become disordered; to play loosely; to flutter.
(v. i.) To be rough; to jar; to be in contention; hence, to put on airs; to swagger.
(v. t. & i.) That which is ruffled; specifically, a strip of lace, cambric, or other fine cloth, plaited or gathered on one edge or in the middle, and used as a trimming; a frill.
(v. t. & i.) A state of being ruffled or disturbed; disturbance; agitation; commotion; as, to put the mind in a ruffle.
(v. t. & i.) A low, vibrating beat of a drum, not so loud as a roll; -- called also ruff.
(v. t. & i.) The connected series of large egg capsules, or oothecae, of any one of several species of American marine gastropods of the genus Fulgur. See Ootheca.
Example Sentences:
(1) The ruffles of the sub-marginal cells showed different characteristics, being longer and not propagated successively as were the marginal ruffles.
(2) Maturing enamel overlaid by either ruffle-ended or smooth-ended maturation ameloblasts showed similar Ca and P concentrations.
(3) Injection of GTP gamma S inhibited ruffling and increased spreading, suggesting an increase in adhesion.
(4) This is a team who have found their feet after that winless group section, a side who have already seen off the much admired Croatia and who can ruffle the feathers of the hosts or the reigning world champions.
(5) Stimulation of membrane ruffling is one of the first events induced by addition of growth factors to quiescent cultures.
(6) Suddenly he would be picking up speed, scurrying past opponents and, in one instance, slipping the ball through Laurent Koscielny’s legs for a nutmeg that was so exquisitely executed he might have been tempted to ruffle his opponent’s hair.
(7) In the SEM three corresponding types were identified, a relatively smooth spherical type, a highly ruffled type and a fairly smooth flattened type.
(8) Other designs included short ruffle cocktail dresses with velvet parkas slung over the shoulder; blazers made of stringed pearly pink; and gold beading and a lace catsuit.
(9) The Glasman "project" will undoubtedly ruffle feathers inside and outside Labour.
(10) In the active phase of root resorption, the resorption organ contained many odontoclasts with a well-developed ruffled border and a reduced clear zone, cementoblasts, fibroblasts, macrophages, neutrophils, and many blood vessels.
(11) The cells were oval or round, most of them with a rough surface due to presence of microvilli, ruffles, ridges, and blebs of various numbers and shapes.
(12) The osteoclasts secrete a large amount of protons by the action of H(+)-pump on the ruffled border into the sealed resorption cavity, resulting in the acidified microenvironment under which condition the bone matrix is dissolved.
(13) Ruffles were only rarely present in the continuous presence of NGF and were absent after NGF withdrawal.
(14) The presence of wide and short ruffles of epithelial cells covered with mucus is typical of the secretory phase of the cycle.
(15) Six of the orally infected P. maniculatus developed clinical signs including ruffled hair coat, inappetence, reluctance to move, and lameness in the rear legs.
(16) The increases in actin cables were associated with a lack of ruffled edges that are indicative of motile cells.
(17) Osteoclasts are multinucleated giant cells showing specialized membrane structures, clear zones and ruffled borders, which are responsible for the process of bone resorption.
(18) ruffled membrane movement, phagocytosis of some particles, glucose oxidation through the hexose monophosphate shunt and an increase in the activity of a membrane enzyme, adenylate cyclase.
(19) The presence of membrane ruffles at the cell border and of numerous thick bundles of actin crossing the cell body, suggests that the factor promotes cell spreading; this probably interferes with cytokinesis, ultimately leading to the formation of very large flattened multinucleated cells.
(20) They gradually displayed active membrane pseudopodia, thorn-like processes and petal-like ruffles after 2 h to 4 h of cultivation.