What's the difference between geography and topology?

Geography


Definition:

  • (n.) The science which treats of the world and its inhabitants; a description of the earth, or a portion of the earth, including its structure, fetures, products, political divisions, and the people by whom it is inhabited.
  • (n.) A treatise on this science.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) No correlation between volatile make up and geography was found, but the profiling procedures are shown to be of use in the forensic problem of relating samples to a common source.
  • (2) She read geography at Oxford, where Benazir Bhutto (a future prime minister of Pakistan, assassinated in 2007) introduced May to her future husband, Philip May: "I hate to say this, but it was at an Oxford University Conservative Association disco… this is wild stuff.
  • (3) When my form teacher said I’d worked well in every subject except geography, I made her change the bit that said I’d not tried to say, instead, that I was rubbish at it.
  • (4) It has me as a listener and I am keen as well on sciences, arts, geography, history and politics, and I belong to two campaigns in Brighton and Chichester against privatisation of the NHS, and with some successes.
  • (5) If people say this, they don’t know the geography [of the city].” Facebook Twitter Pinterest Rio has spent R7.1bn (£1.7bn) on its Olympic stadia, including this beach volleyball venue on Copacabana beach.
  • (6) The response to this horrific incident seems to be a growing trend where travellers understand the geography, distances and circumstances, and weigh up risks in a real way."
  • (7) The paper is intended to stimulate discussion about where medical geography can and should go in this area of study.
  • (8) "Twitter may be replaced, but clearly a space is emerging in which most people in the world can communicate with each other based on mutual interests, not the accident of geography," said a Guardian editorial.
  • (9) The redistribution of the elderly population in the United States is receiving increased attention as the sociodemographic consequences of the uneven geography of the aged are becoming more evident to state and local policymakers.
  • (10) However, the incidence of heart disease and presence of risk factors are also related to heredity, geography, and socioeconomic conditions, and to diet, exercise, and emotional stress.
  • (11) The initiative played heavily on the Financial District’s history and urban geography.
  • (12) Amid reports that the Treasury is concerned about the escalating costs of the project, which have now reached £42.6bn, the chancellor hailed the chance to change the "economic geography" of Britain.
  • (13) The graph combines the size of the army over the time period across geography with temperature scale.
  • (14) The GCSE would be replaced by an English Baccalaureate certificate, with the first students beginning syllabuses in English, maths and sciences from 2015, with exams in 2017, to be followed by history, geography and languages.
  • (15) Ritesh Singh – who got three As in geography, biology and chemistry and a C in extended project science – is going to Carol Divila University in Bucharest to study medicine.
  • (16) The Guardian revealed in March that draft guidelines for children in key stages 1-3 had removed discussion of climate change in the geography syllabus, with only a single reference to how carbon dioxide produced by humans affects the climate in the chemistry section.
  • (17) Paul Cheshire, professor emeritus of economic geography at LSE and a researcher at the Spatial Economics Research Centre, has produced data showing that restrictive planning laws have turned houses in the south-east into valuable assets in an almost equivalent way to artworks.
  • (18) One of the key appeals of the yes campaign during the referendum was that it expanded Scottish politics beyond this narrow geography, taking it into rural and local communities.
  • (19) The two great Edinburgh novels - pre-Rebus, of course - are James Hogg's Confessions of a Justified Sinner, whose diableries and doublings take place partly in the Old Town's back courts and, though it doesn't mention the place at all, Robert Louis Stevenson's The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Neither has much in the way of urban geography or familiar landmarks.
  • (20) In 140 characters , Roth encapsulated a broad sweep of history and geography and one of the central paradoxes of Africa's new war on gay and lesbian people.

Topology


Definition:

  • (n.) The art of, or method for, assisting the memory by associating the thing or subject to be remembered with some place.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The scheme is based on topological information, i.e.
  • (2) These results provide knowledge of the interrelationships between antibiotic and substrate ribosome binding sites which should eventually contribute to a map of ribosomal topology.
  • (3) The conformational properties of these new TASPs are now under investigation, with special emphasis on the relationship between overall conformation and the nature of the topological template.
  • (4) In the context of a simplified diamond lattice model of a six-member, Greek key beta-barrel protein that is closely related in topology to plastocyanin, the nature of the folding and unfolding pathways have been investigated using dynamic Monte Carlo techniques.
  • (5) At the Second Scandinavian Congress on Image Analysis in 1981 Kohonen provided evidence that the map of signals has the same topological order as the map of reactions.
  • (6) Phylogenetic analysis of the aligned sequences by both phenetic and cladistic methods with H. perryi as an outgroup generated one best topology which pairs S. alpinus with S. malma as the most recently derived species, and pairs S. confluentus with S. leucomaenis.
  • (7) Then, a 'hyperstructure matrix' is generated, containing the unique topological relationship between every pair of regions.
  • (8) Linear DNA substrates in which pairing is topologically restricted to a paranemic joint also follow this relationship.
  • (9) The subgroups of carcinoma of the bladder, determined by topology, have markedly different long-term prognoses.
  • (10) The fluorescence properties of Hoechst 33342 (HO 33342) were examined with plasmid pBR322 in the supercoiled (Form I) or relaxed covalently closed circular (Form Io) conformation in order to determine whether qualitative or quantitative differences in fluorescence properties might provide an assay for topological states of DNA.
  • (11) An exhaustive search of all possible trees also supported this topology, although one haplotype had to be eliminated from this analysis to save computer time.
  • (12) This superfamily of proteins is predicted to share the topology of the seven transmembrane helices of bacteriorhodopsin (BR), even though no significant sequence homology had been identified.
  • (13) These data demonstrate the utility of this approach for determining membrane protein topology and extend potential applications to include at least some proteins not normally expressed in E. coli.
  • (14) The unique topology of the products indicates that resolvase fixes the sum of the number of supercoils between recombination sites at synapsis and the number of such supercoils lost or gained during strand exchange.
  • (15) Such explanations are possible because the relatively few structural proteins of the erythrocyte are regularly distributed over the entire cytoplasmic surface of the cell membrane and because the well-understood topological associations of these proteins seem to be stable in comparison with the time required for the cell to change shape.
  • (16) The objectives of the present investigations were to document a composite, new approach for the evaluation of the structure-function dependencies of proteins based on the analysis of the informational content of the primary amino acid sequence as well as the topological and functional regions of a protein.
  • (17) When the input topology is supercoiled, high levels of transcription are observed, whereas input relaxed DNA is transcribed to a much lower extent.
  • (18) It is believed that one or more basic residues at the extreme amino terminus of precursor proteins and the lack of a net positive charge immediately following the signal peptide act as topological determinants that promote the insertion of the signal peptide hydrophobic core into the cytoplasmic membrane of Escherichia coli cells with the correct orientation required to initiate the protein export process.
  • (19) We observe that the effect of osmotic shock is an elevation of superhelical tension; quantitative comparison with changes in plasmid linking number indicates that the alteration in DNA topology is all unconstrained.
  • (20) Anomalous correspondence most probably has its seat where the retinal topology is not exact, i.e., where the binocular receptive fields are very large and encompass the corpus callosum, such as in area 20 or 21.