(1) The present paper reports two experiments in which geophagia in response to stress and arthritis was measured.
(2) Geophagia, in the form of clay-eating, is often observed during pregnancy in the human population.
(3) We investigated geophagia in the black population of rural Holmes County, Mississippi.
(4) The unsuspected finding was a 46% history of marked pica of clay (geophagia) in a subset of 26 patients.
(5) The number of herbal remedies that have been touted is astounding, and the entire science of Geophagia evolved in the hope identifying of those population-specific customs that may have had a positive effect on birth outcome as an adaptive mechanism.
(6) Reported is a case representing an unusual form of geophagia, in which ingestion of pebbles by a 27-year-old mentally retarded woman resulted in impaction and complete filling of the colon with pebbles.
(7) The syndrome of dwarfism, hypogonadism, iron-deficiency anemia and geophagia, first reported in 1960 from Iran, was thought to be limited to males.
(8) 1) Geophagia characterized by, severe, anaemia, dwarfism, hypogonadism and hepatosplenomegaly is sometimes seen in young patients (and children) in Iran.
(9) Geophagia, the consumption of nonnutritive dirt, has previously been shown to be increased when rats have been made acutely ill.
(10) The association of iron-deficiency anaemia, hepatomegaly, dwarfism and hypogonadism with a geophagia syndrome is noted and its pathogenesis explained.
(11) It was concluded that geophagia may occur in response to any homeostatic alteration (stress state).
(12) Geophagia, the eating of dirt, usually clay, has been recorded in every region of the world both as idiosyncratic behavior of isolated individuals and as culturally prescribed behavior of particular societies.
(13) The absence of geophagia in noncontingently poisoned and "sham" injected control groups indicates that the pica was due to the acquisition of a conditioned illness during the conditioning trials.
(14) Elimination of the disease requires surveillance of dogs, especially puppies, and avoidance of geophagia.
(15) The significance of pica and geophagia as a public health problem is well known.
(16) They ate significantly more kaolin (a nonnutritive substance) than controls, suggesting that geophagia is a behavioral measure of illness.
(17) The ultrastructure of intestinal mucosa in two geophagia patients with growth retardation, hypogonadism, hepatosplenomegaly, zinc deficiency, iron deficiency, and anemia was studied with an electron microscope.
(18) Geophagia has been suggested as one of the factors leading to hyperkalemia, but our data do not support this notion.
(19) He briefly reviews: spontaneous post-cesarian perforation of the cecum, post-partum paralysis of the external popliteal sciatic, carpal canal syndrome in pregnacy, meralgia paresthetica in pregnant women, diaphragmatic hernia and its complications during pregnancy and labor, post-mortem cesarian, the "molar lung", early pregnancy and late pregnancy, fulguration and electroshock in pregnant women, the "acrobatic fetus", the rupture of an aneurysm of the splenic artery, geophagia or "pica", extramucous ruptures of the uterus, "virtually pure" type XX familial gonadic dysgenesis with deaf-muteness, gynecologic pathomimesis, genital perihepatitis or Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome, vulvar mammary ectopism, post-hysterectomic pregnancy, recurrent hydramnios, locoregional ecchymatosis.
(20) The chance of detectability of geophagia is highest in the colon and can be improved by using low penetration films, particularly for smaller amounts of ingested clay.
Pica
Definition:
(n.) The genus that includes the magpies.
(n.) A vitiated appetite that craves what is unfit for food, as chalk, ashes, coal, etc.; chthonophagia.
(n.) A service-book. See Pie.
(n.) A size of type next larger than small pica, and smaller than English.
Example Sentences:
(1) During the operation an upward looping PICA was found crossing and tightly compressing the exit zone of the right facial nerve.
(2) CT showed low density areas in 15 cases after 24 hours of the onset, but an abnormality was not demonstrated in one case which had an infarction of PICA area.
(3) In this method, when the angle between the film and the horizontal plain of Frankfurt is fixed at 50 degrees, the origin of PICA is projected on the film between the upper and lower teeth line.
(4) Especially, aneurysms which originate from distal portion of PICA are very rare.
(5) The death rate was high (4 (14%) of the 29 admissions and 3 (21%) of the admissions associated with pica).
(6) The second case had a large thrombosed aneurysm in the left vertebral artery compressing the medulla oblongata, with small perforators originating from the proximal posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) feeding the brainstem.
(7) The aetiopathogenesis of pica is discussed as well as its role in the development of necrotising enteritis.
(8) The direct PICA supply comes from a trigeminal trunk.
(9) The authors present a case of dissecting aneurysm of the right posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) in a 47-year-old female, who suffered from mild subarachnoid hemorrhage.
(10) In addition to providing a demonstration of "psychological" involvement in the etiology of pica, these results indicate that visceral conditioning may accompany the formation of conditioned taste aversions.
(11) Certain variations will cause an unusual but normal enlargement of the vessel in a specific portion of its course; these variations include vertebral artery duplication, a C-1 or C-2 vertebral origin of the PICA, a C-1 or C-2 occipital origin of the PICA, and an intradural course of the vertebral artery at C-2.
(12) A case of macroglossia following neck clipping of VA-PICA aneurysm is described.
(13) A significant correlation between serotypes defined by reactivity of immune sera in PICA and inhibition of melanoma cell binding (MCB) was observed.
(14) The arterial territories involved were the superior cerebellar artery (SCA) in 13 cases (alone in 8 cases), the anterior inferior cerebellar artery in 2 cases, the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) in 17 cases (alone in 13 cases) and border areas in 5 cases (associated with SCA or PICA).
(15) Thus, eating of nonnutritive substances such as kaolin, so-called pica, is an illness-response behavior of rats analogous to vomiting in humans.
(16) The majority of descriptions of pica have dealt with its occurrence in children, in pregnant women, and as a societal practice in certain cultures studied from a medico-anthropologic point of view.
(17) Although pica is a common manifestation of iron deficiency, this appears to be the first reported case of salt pica secondary to iron deficiency.
(18) Abnormal eating behaviors such as pica or coprophagy are usually caused by a dietary imbalance or boredom.
(19) The language skills of 11 aphasic patients were assessed through the use of the PICA.
(20) The relationship of mineral deficiency to pica and anorexia nervosa is discussed.