What's the difference between germanium and germarium?
Germanium
Definition:
(n.) A rare element, recently discovered (1885), in a silver ore (argyrodite) at Freiberg. It is a brittle, silver-white metal, chemically intermediate between the metals and nonmetals, resembles tin, and is in general identical with the predicted ekasilicon. Symbol Ge. Atomic weight 72.3.
Example Sentences:
(1) Except for one control group, the other three groups were subdivided into six groups and administered three different kinds of germanium (inorganic germanium, organic germanium, and natural organic germanium) one month before and during dimethylhydrazine treatment, and during dimethylhydrazine treatment, respectively.
(2) Although the actual mechanism involved is not clear, the evidence of the inhibition of senile amyloidosis by organic germanium may give a light to elucidate the pathogenesis of amyloidosis.
(3) This review examines the toxicity and accumulation of germanium and silver in selected microbial species.
(4) However, if an electric field is applied across the membrane, germanium reflection elements would be preferred because of their low electric resistance (approximately 50 omega cm).
(5) In high concentrations, germanium was toxic to the limpets and killed them.
(6) The incidence of intestinal cancer in the control group (dimethylhydrazine only) was 91 percent; in groups provided with inorganic germanium one month before and during dimethylhydrazine treatment, and during dimethylhydrazine treatment only, it was 91 and 78 percent; in groups provided with organic germanium one month before and during dimethylhydrazine treatment, and during dimethylhydrazine treatment only, it was 64 and 64 percent; in groups provided with natural organic germanium one month before and during dimethylhydrazine treatment and during dimethylhydrazine treatment only, it was 50 and 45 percent.
(7) It has turned out that good adhesion of uncharged and negatively charged model membranes to germanium plates is achieved when they are coated with a monomolecular layer of aminopropylsilane.
(8) After a brief recall of toxicological data about germanium compounds, the authors relate subacute and subchronic oral toxicities of beta bis carboxyethyl-germanium sesquioxide in rats.
(9) A germanium-gallium generator producing EDTA-free Ga-68 would permit the synthesis of a broad range of Ga-68 radiopharmaceuticals and thus facilitate the widespread application of positron tomography.
(10) Selenium(Se) has been determined in skin by neutron activation analysis applying selective irradiation and cooling time, followed by measurement of the activity on a high resolution germanium lithium (Ge(Li)) detector.
(11) Non-platinum-group metal antitumor agents are represented by inorganic and organometallic compounds which contain either main-group metals such as gallium, germanium, and tin, or transition metals such as titanium, vanadium, iron, copper, and gold.
(12) Germanium can substitute for boron in carrot cell cultures.
(13) In tumor imaging studies, breast tumor masses as small as 4 mm in diameter were clearly localized on a whole body scan using 131I-labeled BLMRL-HMFG-Mc5 antibodies with a High-Purity germanium gamma camera.
(14) A high-purity germanium spectroscopy system and a beam of 120 kV constant potential x-rays were used to determine the linear attenuation coefficient from 18 to 110 keV.
(15) A data-acquisition system designed for x-ray medical imaging utilizes a segmented high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector array with 2-mm wide and 6-mm thick elements.
(16) The spectra of diagnostic x-ray beams were measured with a germanium semiconductor dectector.
(17) Electronically collimated counts were acquired from the objects rotated to 20 or 40 angular positions in front of the germanium detector to simulate a cylindrical scanning system.
(18) Germanium oxide alone did not affect the frequency of sperm-head abnormalities.
(19) The results demonstrate that, within this class of compounds, (1) potent biological activity does not require the presence of germanium in the structure; (2) in vitro cytotoxic activity does not appear to be a direct result of the inhibition of macromolecular synthesis, and (3) macrophage function can be modulated in vitro at non-cytotoxic concentrations.
(20) The presence of aluminium, beryllium, lead, potassium in the examined air don't stand on the way of determining the concentration of germanium.
Germarium
Definition:
(n.) An organ in which the ova are developed in certain Turbellaria.
Example Sentences:
(1) The germarium encloses mononucleate and binucleate trophocytes, prefollicular tissue and oogonia, while the vitellarium contains 2-5 oocytes arranged in order of maturity.
(2) At the time the 16 cell cluster becomes arranged in a lens-shaped layer laterally across the germarium, the centrioles lose their juxtanuclear position and move towards the oocyte.
(3) They were first observed in the distal part of the germarium where rings of four different size classes were found, differing in diameter by up to twofold.
(4) However, in all analysed hemipteran species (Lygus pratensis, Calocoris affinis, Graphosoma lineatum, Euscelis plebejus) the microfilament pattern was very different: while the nurse cells stained only weakly, we always found a characteristic (in some species massive) microfilament network surrounding the trophic core, a central area in the germarium from where material is transported through the trophic cords into the oocytes.
(5) In the germarium poly(A)+RNA was found to accumulate in the trophocyte cytoplasm concomitant with the maturation of these cells.
(6) Since the oocyte is connected to 15 nurse cells by a system of intercellular bridges or ring canals, the possibility that the cluster of centrioles arose in the germarium from an intercellular migration of centrioles from the nurse cells to the oocyte was analyzed in serial sections for the electron microscope.
(7) The heterocellular female gonad of the typhloplanoid Castrada viridis consists of a single germarium and two rows of vitellaria.
(8) According to the total combination of characters, size and colour of yellow bodies, presence and character of luminescence in the germarium and adjoining areas of vitellarium, the presence of "starvation bodies", "degeneration bodies" and resorpting oocytes, the state of seminal receptable, each group is divided into subgroups that enables us to make a detail description of age composition of the population under study.
(9) The telotrophic ovary of Epilachna vigintioctopunctata is composed of 32-40 ovarioles, each with an apical germarium and a basal vitellarium.
(10) Each of its 25-30 ovarioles is composed of a small terminal filament, a small germarium and a vitellarium consisting of the egg follicle.
(11) The paper is illustrated by photos and pictures of ovarioles from the moment of germarium formation to the beginning of vitellogenesis.
(12) In the fifth instar larva of E. integriceps, two zones may be seen in the germarium of the telotrophic ovariole: the apical trophocyte zone and the distal oocyte zone.
(13) In oogenesis, both cyclin A RNA and a shorter form of the cyclin B transcript are seen in the cells of the germarium that are undergoing mitosis.
(14) Evaluation of the number of anomalous thoracic macrochaetae in parallel strains of flies after heating of the oocytes during the critical periods of macrochaeta development (seven days before egg laying), i.e., the stage of oocyte formation in the germarium.
(15) The trophocyte nucleoli synthesize RNA still in germarium.
(16) Each primordial nucleus of this germarium develops and then forms an individual plasmic membrane.
(17) The germarium, composed of a germinative zone and a growth zone, is surrounded externally by a layer of accessory cells the function of which is hypothesized in this study.
(18) This nurse cell is formed during differential mitoses in the germarium as one of two prooocytes.
(19) During their migration through the germarium, follicle cells undergo several structural changes and, of these, the most conspicuous one occurs at the level of the nucleolus.
(20) Complete reconstruction of the synaptonemal complex in 12 pachytene (defined here as that stage in which the synaptonemal complex is continuous throughout the bivalents) nuclei from one wild-type germarium has permitted the following observations.