What's the difference between ghost and phantom?

Ghost


Definition:

  • (n.) The spirit; the soul of man.
  • (n.) The disembodied soul; the soul or spirit of a deceased person; a spirit appearing after death; an apparition; a specter.
  • (n.) Any faint shadowy semblance; an unsubstantial image; a phantom; a glimmering; as, not a ghost of a chance; the ghost of an idea.
  • (n.) A false image formed in a telescope by reflection from the surfaces of one or more lenses.
  • (v. i.) To die; to expire.
  • (v. t.) To appear to or haunt in the form of an apparition.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) … or a theatre and concert hall There are a total of 16 ghost stations on the Paris metro; stops that were closed or never opened.
  • (2) Both eosin derivatives, however, inactivate acetylcholinesterase upon illumination of air-equilibrated samples of hemoglobin-free labeled ghosts.
  • (3) Haemoglobin-free human erythrocyte ghosts that were prepared in the presence of EDTA and were then exposed to Ca2+ showed a substantial loss of phosphatidylinositol phosphate and phosphatidylinositol diphosphate, measured either chemically or by loss of 32P from the lipids of prelabelled membranes.
  • (4) Erythrocyte ghost membrane fluidity and phospholipid linoleate were significantly increased when higher levels of polyunsaturated fats were fed to healthy, free living, premenopausal women.
  • (5) The Triton ghosts contracted immediately upon addition of ATP.
  • (6) Resealed erythrocyte ghosts (carrier erythrocytes) are potential in vivo carriers for exogenous enzymes or drugs, but data on carrier erythrocyte survival and clearance rate in humans are not available.
  • (7) Electron microscopy showed the presence of bacterial ghosts and protein threads.
  • (8) The reaction sequence leading from EAC1-9 to ghosts can be summarized as follows: formula: (see text).
  • (9) To gain some understanding of the mechanism of cell fusion, cell ghosts prepared by freeze-thawing intact cells were incubated with intact cells.
  • (10) Nevertheless, the band 3 population solubilized by Triton X-100 from prelabeled ghosts was as well phosphorylated as the population of band 3 retained by the skeletons.
  • (11) In addition to these effects, ghosts exposed to MC540 and light underwent lipid peroxidation.
  • (12) These findings provide ultrastructural correlates of the electrophysiological changes produced by glycerol treatment of the closer muscle of the ghost crab (Papir, 1973), namely, interference with excitation-contraction (e-c) coupling.
  • (13) This ambiguity was resolved by using resealed ghosts, which are unable to incorporate oleic acid into phospholipids.
  • (14) The pulse microwave radiation has been shown to increase the fluorescence intensity of 2-toluidinonaphthanene-6-sulfonate (2,6-TNS) and 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonate (1,8-ANS) built-in membranes of erythrocyte ghosts.
  • (15) Although China has so far refused to enable dialogue between our leaders, I sincerely hope that it will come forward, rather than keep invoking the ghost of militarism of seven decades ago, which no longer exists."
  • (16) The ghosts of Barbara Castle and Peter Shore , never mind Hugh Gaitskell (and, for much of his life, Harold Wilson), were never quite exorcised by the New Labour Europhiles.
  • (17) The FBI has just released a trove of documents , videos and pictures relating to its so-called Ghost Stories investigation into the activities of 10 Russian spies who the agency monitored for more than a decade.
  • (18) "A lot of the patients had moved and were genuine ghosts, and of course the practice shouldn't be paid for patients who don't exist, but a lot of the patients do exist and the patients who don't use the service subsidise those who do."
  • (19) The chemical asymmetry of the transporter was investigated by studying the effects of p-chloromercuriphenyl sulphonate (PCMBS) on uridine transport and high-affinity NBMPR binding in inside-out and right-side-out membrane vesicles, unsealed erythrocyte ghosts and intact cells.
  • (20) It was shown that when the ;ghosts' of the microsomal vesicles were used as a specific template extra cytochrome b(5) and NADH-specific flavoprotein were incorporated into them, but cytochrome P-450 and NADPH-specific flavoprotein were not incorporated into the membrane.

Phantom


Definition:

  • (n.) That which has only an apparent existence; an apparition; a specter; a phantasm; a sprite; an airy spirit; an ideal image.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) This is due to changes with energy in the relative backscattered electron fluence between chamber support and phantom materials.
  • (2) To know the relation between the signal intensity and sodium concentration, sodium concentration--signal intensity curve was obtained using phantoms with various sodium concentrations (0.05-1.0%).
  • (3) This technique is compared with calculated outline and ring source attenuation correction techniques in a pie phantom.
  • (4) To evaluate image quality a perspex phantom with image quality test objects was used.
  • (5) The validity of the response of this probe to Y-90 and its clinical application were assessed with a phantom containing varying activities and with biopsy samples obtained from patients being treated with SIR therapy.
  • (6) Preliminary heating patterns studied in phantoms indicate the possibility of treating volumes greater than 2000 cm3 within the 50 per cent isotherm.
  • (7) With the addition of a preservative, the phantom could be used for experiments on heating, without degeneration, for over one year.
  • (8) Diffusion coefficients measured on images of water and acetone phantoms were consistent with published values.
  • (9) The incidence of phantom pain and nonpainful phantom sensations was 13.3% and 15.0%, respectively, 3 weeks after mastectomy, 12.7% and 11.8%, respectively, after a year, and 17.4% and 11.8%, respectively, after 6 years.
  • (10) Phantom studies simulating clinical conditions showed no significant difference in performance at 140 keV.
  • (11) In addition, normalized organ dose to the breast, active bone marrow, thyroid, eyes, ovaries, and testes were measured in a pediatric anthropomorphic phantom comparing the anteroposterior and posteroanterior projections.
  • (12) Studies carried out on the phantom have shown how reliable transverse diameter measurements of the pelvis are when carried out by X-Ray scanning pelvimetry compared with conventional X-Ray pelvimetry.
  • (13) A comparison is made between five irradiation methods, the dose distribution and volume doses of which had been ascertained by means of two phantoms presupposed differently large.
  • (14) Analysis of the penumbra width of cross dose distributions, as a function of field sizes, allowed us to postulate that the dmax shift could be due to the phantom scattered photons, which in turn were generated by the collimator scattered photons.
  • (15) The phantom combines an inhalation system which allows for the simulation of xenon buildup or washout in the arterial blood as well as a multisection translatable cylinder in which several sections can be scanned during a preselected protocol to simulate the CT enhancement in brain tissue during a study.
  • (16) The measurements show that the machine outputs are only slightly dependent on phantom size; the percentage depth dose distributions, however, are strongly dependent on the phantom size, suggesting that machine data for total body irradiations should be measured in phantoms whose dimensions approximate the patient during the total body irradiation.
  • (17) The Greeks could be delivering an answer to a phantom question.
  • (18) Quantitative analysis of MR images included fat signal fraction for animals, and relative signal decrease between in-phase and opposed-phase images for phantom and human data.
  • (19) Relative dose functions for 125I for these phantom media are fitted to second-degree polynomials.
  • (20) The supplied reference rods were scanned in different positions within the lung fields of the phantom and with varied chest wall thicknesses.